532 lines
21 KiB
Plaintext
532 lines
21 KiB
Plaintext
{
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"cells": [
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"collapsed": true
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},
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"source": [
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"## Graph de concepts utilisant ConceptNet\n",
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"\n",
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"> **Note :** L'API originale [Microsoft Concept Graph](https://concept.research.microsoft.com/) n'est plus disponible. Ce notebook a été mis à jour pour utiliser [ConceptNet](https://conceptnet.io/) en remplacement, qui est un graphe de connaissances ouvert et librement accessible avec des relations `is-a` similaires entre les concepts.\n",
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"\n",
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"[ConceptNet](https://conceptnet.io/) est un grand réseau sémantique de concepts avec des relations telles que `IsA`, `PartOf`, `UsedFor`, et bien d'autres. Il est disponible sous forme de :\n",
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" * Un fichier de données téléchargeable\n",
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" * Une API REST (pas de clé API requise)\n",
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"\n",
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"Statistiques de ConceptNet :\n",
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" * Plus de 8 millions de nœuds\n",
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" * Plus de 21 millions d'arêtes à travers 83 langues\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"## Utilisation du service web ConceptNet\n",
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"\n",
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"[ConceptNet](https://conceptnet.io/) fournit une API REST pour explorer les relations `est-un` (IsA) entre concepts. Aucune clé API n’est requise. \n",
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"Voici l’URL exemple à appeler : `https://api.conceptnet.io/query?start=/c/en/microsoft&rel=/r/IsA&limit=10`\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {
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"trusted": true
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"import urllib\n",
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"import json\n",
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"\n",
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"def http(x):\n",
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" response = urllib.request.urlopen(x)\n",
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" data = response.read()\n",
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" return data.decode('utf-8')\n",
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"\n",
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"def query(x):\n",
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" concept = x.lower().replace(' ', '_')\n",
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" url = \"https://api.conceptnet.io/query?start=/c/en/{}&rel=/r/IsA&limit=10\".format(\n",
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" urllib.parse.quote(concept))\n",
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" try:\n",
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" result = json.loads(http(url))\n",
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" except Exception:\n",
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" return {}\n",
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" edges = result.get('edges', [])\n",
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" if not edges:\n",
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" return {}\n",
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" total_weight = sum(edge['weight'] for edge in edges)\n",
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" if total_weight == 0:\n",
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" return {}\n",
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" return {edge['end']['label']: edge['weight'] / total_weight for edge in edges}\n",
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"\n",
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"query('microsoft')"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"Essayons de catégoriser les titres de nouvelles en utilisant des concepts parents. Pour obtenir les titres de nouvelles, nous utiliserons le service [NewsApi.org](http://newsapi.org). Vous devez obtenir votre propre clé API afin d'utiliser le service - rendez-vous sur le site web et inscrivez-vous pour un plan développeur gratuit.\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 20,
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"metadata": {
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"trusted": true
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"newsapi_key = '<your API key here>'\n",
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"def get_news(country='us'):\n",
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" res = json.loads(http(\"https://newsapi.org/v2/top-headlines?country={0}&apiKey={1}\".format(country,newsapi_key)))\n",
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" return res['articles']\n",
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"\n",
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"all_titles = [x['title'] for x in get_news('us')+get_news('gb')]"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 21,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"data": {
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"text/plain": [
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"['Covid-19 Live Updates: Vaccines and Boosters News - The New York Times',\n",
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" 'Ukrainians Flee Mariupol as Russian Forces Push to Take Port City - The Wall Street Journal',\n",
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" 'Bond Yields Jump, Stock Futures Rise After Powell Says Fed Is Ready to Be More Aggressive - The Wall Street Journal',\n",
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" 'Putin critic Alexei Navalny found guilty by Russian court - New York Post ',\n",
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" \"Supreme Court nominee Ketanji Brown Jackson will face questions at confirmation hearing's second day - CNN\",\n",
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" '2 teachers killed at Swedish high school, student arrested - ABC News',\n",
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" 'Clues to Covid-19’s Next Moves Come From Sewers - The Wall Street Journal',\n",
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" 'Republicans to roll dice by grilling Jackson over child-pornography sentencing decisions | TheHill - The Hill',\n",
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" '‘Clear sign’ Putin considering using chemical weapons in Ukraine, claims President Biden - The Independent',\n",
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" 'NASA confirms there are 5,000 planets outside our solar system - Daily Mail',\n",
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" \"US stocks whipsawed overnight after Fed Chair Powell's remarks - Fox Business\",\n",
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" \"'We've learned absolutely nothing': Tests could again be in short supply if Covid surges - POLITICO\",\n",
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" \"Duchess of Cambridge swaps khaki jungle gear for Vampire's Wife dress on Belize trip - Daily Mail\",\n",
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" 'China searches for victims, flight recorders after first plane crash in 12 years - Reuters',\n",
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" 'Second superyacht linked to Russian oligarch Abramovich docks in Turkey - Reuters',\n",
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" 'Live updates: Russia stops talks with Japan over sanctions - The Associated Press - en Español',\n",
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" 'Powers Remain and Threats Lurk as Women’s Sweet 16 Is Set - The New York Times',\n",
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" 'Webb Space Telescope Begins Multi-Instrument Alignment - SciTechDaily',\n",
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" \"UConn vs UCF - NCAA women's tournament second-round highlights - March Madness\",\n",
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" 'Bucking Republican Trend, Indiana Governor Vetoes Transgender Sports Bill - The New York Times',\n",
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" \"Maggie Fox dead: Coronation Street and Shameless actress dies after 'sudden accident' - Mirror Online - The Mirror\",\n",
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" 'China plane crash – live: Search for survivors continues as witness describes moment flight fell from sky - The Independent',\n",
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" 'Daniel Morgan murder: damning report condemns Met police - The Guardian',\n",
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" 'What to expect from Rishi Sunak’s Spring Statement - BBC.com',\n",
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" 'UK and Republic of Ireland in line to host Euro 2028 after no one else bids - The Guardian',\n",
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" \"Friends beg Vladimir Putin's 'lover' to persuade him to end Ukraine invasion - The Mirror\",\n",
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" 'Brass Eye’s outtakes show the brutal TV comedy was the tip of an iceberg - The Guardian',\n",
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" \"Vladimir Putin threatens civilians to break Mariupol's spirit - The Times\",\n",
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" 'Shell U-turn on Cambo oilfield would threaten green targets, say campaigners - The Guardian',\n",
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" 'St Helens dog attack: Girl aged 17 months killed at home - BBC',\n",
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" \"PlayStation to buy 'Assassin's Creed' veteran Jade Raymond's Haven Studios - NME\",\n",
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" '‘Clear sign’ Putin considering using chemical weapons in Ukraine, claims President Biden - The Independent',\n",
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" 'NASA confirms there are 5,000 planets outside our solar system - Daily Mail',\n",
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" 'Nintendo Switch finally has folders • Eurogamer.net - Eurogamer.net',\n",
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" 'FA to “find a solution” as Liverpool fan group blasts “shambolic” Wembley travel - This Is Anfield',\n",
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" 'Manchester United transfer news LIVE Erik ten Hag latest and Man Utd manager updates - Manchester Evening News',\n",
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" 'Inflation raises cost of UK government borrowing in February; crude oil up again – business live - The Guardian',\n",
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" 'Alexei Navalny: Kremlin critic found guilty of large-scale fraud and contempt of court by Russian court - Sky News',\n",
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" \"UK prepares to nationalize Russia natural gas giant Gazprom's retail unit - Business Insider\",\n",
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" 'Zaghari-Ratcliffe: Hunt calls for inquiry into delay over Iran debt payment - The Guardian']"
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]
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},
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"execution_count": 21,
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"metadata": {},
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"output_type": "execute_result"
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"all_titles"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"Tout d'abord, nous voulons être capables d'extraire les noms des titres de presse. Nous allons utiliser la bibliothèque `TextBlob` pour cela, qui simplifie beaucoup de tâches typiques de traitement du langage naturel comme celle-ci.\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 15,
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"metadata": {
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"trusted": true
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},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"Requirement already satisfied: textblob in c:\\winapp\\miniconda3\\lib\\site-packages (0.17.1)\n",
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"Requirement already satisfied: nltk>=3.1 in c:\\winapp\\miniconda3\\lib\\site-packages (from textblob) (3.5)\n",
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"Requirement already satisfied: joblib in c:\\winapp\\miniconda3\\lib\\site-packages (from nltk>=3.1->textblob) (1.0.1)\n",
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"Requirement already satisfied: regex in c:\\winapp\\miniconda3\\lib\\site-packages (from nltk>=3.1->textblob) (2021.11.10)\n",
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"Requirement already satisfied: tqdm in c:\\winapp\\miniconda3\\lib\\site-packages (from nltk>=3.1->textblob) (4.61.2)\n",
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"Requirement already satisfied: click in c:\\winapp\\miniconda3\\lib\\site-packages (from nltk>=3.1->textblob) (8.0.3)\n",
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"Requirement already satisfied: colorama in c:\\winapp\\miniconda3\\lib\\site-packages (from click->nltk>=3.1->textblob) (0.4.4)\n",
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"Finished.\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"name": "stderr",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"[nltk_data] Downloading package brown to\n",
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"[nltk_data] C:\\Users\\dmitryso\\AppData\\Roaming\\nltk_data...\n",
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"[nltk_data] Package brown is already up-to-date!\n",
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"[nltk_data] Downloading package punkt to\n",
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"[nltk_data] C:\\Users\\dmitryso\\AppData\\Roaming\\nltk_data...\n",
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"[nltk_data] Package punkt is already up-to-date!\n",
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"[nltk_data] Downloading package wordnet to\n",
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"[nltk_data] C:\\Users\\dmitryso\\AppData\\Roaming\\nltk_data...\n",
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"[nltk_data] Package wordnet is already up-to-date!\n",
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"[nltk_data] Downloading package averaged_perceptron_tagger to\n",
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"[nltk_data] C:\\Users\\dmitryso\\AppData\\Roaming\\nltk_data...\n",
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"[nltk_data] Package averaged_perceptron_tagger is already up-to-\n",
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"[nltk_data] date!\n",
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"[nltk_data] Downloading package conll2000 to\n",
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"[nltk_data] C:\\Users\\dmitryso\\AppData\\Roaming\\nltk_data...\n",
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"[nltk_data] Package conll2000 is already up-to-date!\n",
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"[nltk_data] Downloading package movie_reviews to\n",
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"[nltk_data] C:\\Users\\dmitryso\\AppData\\Roaming\\nltk_data...\n",
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"[nltk_data] Package movie_reviews is already up-to-date!\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"import sys\n",
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"!{sys.executable} -m pip install textblob\n",
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"!{sys.executable} -m textblob.download_corpora\n",
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"from textblob import TextBlob"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 22,
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"metadata": {
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"trusted": true
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},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"data": {
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"text/plain": [
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"{'covid-19 live updates': 1,\n",
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" 'vaccines': 1,\n",
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" 'boosters': 1,\n",
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" 'york': 4,\n",
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" 'ukrainians flee mariupol': 1,\n",
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" 'forces push': 1,\n",
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" 'port city': 1,\n",
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" 'wall street journal': 3,\n",
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" 'bond yields': 1,\n",
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" 'futures rise': 1,\n",
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" 'powell says fed': 1,\n",
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" 'ready': 1,\n",
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" 'be': 1,\n",
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" 'aggressive': 1,\n",
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" 'putin': 3,\n",
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" 'alexei navalny': 2,\n",
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" 'russian': 2,\n",
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" 'supreme court nominee': 1,\n",
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" 'ketanji brown jackson': 1,\n",
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" \"confirmation hearing 's\": 1,\n",
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" 'cnn': 1,\n",
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" 'swedish': 1,\n",
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" 'high school': 1,\n",
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" 'abc': 1,\n",
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" 'clues': 1,\n",
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" 'covid-19': 1,\n",
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" '’ s': 2,\n",
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" 'moves': 1,\n",
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" 'sewers': 1,\n",
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" 'roll dice': 1,\n",
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" 'jackson': 1,\n",
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" 'decisions |': 1,\n",
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" 'thehill': 1,\n",
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" 'clear': 2,\n",
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" 'chemical weapons': 2,\n",
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" 'ukraine': 3,\n",
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" 'claims president': 2,\n",
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" 'biden': 2,\n",
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" 'nasa': 2,\n",
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" 'solar system': 2,\n",
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" 'daily mail': 3,\n",
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" 'us stocks': 1,\n",
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" 'fed chair powell': 1,\n",
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" \"'s remarks\": 1,\n",
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" 'fox': 1,\n",
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" \"'we 've\": 1,\n",
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" 'tests': 1,\n",
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" 'covid': 1,\n",
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" 'politico': 1,\n",
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" 'duchess': 1,\n",
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" 'cambridge': 1,\n",
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" 'swaps khaki jungle gear': 1,\n",
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" 'vampire': 1,\n",
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" 'wife': 1,\n",
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" 'belize': 1,\n",
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" 'china': 2,\n",
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" 'flight recorders': 1,\n",
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" 'plane crash': 1,\n",
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" 'reuters': 2,\n",
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" 'russian oligarch': 1,\n",
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" 'abramovich': 1,\n",
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" 'live': 1,\n",
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" 'russia': 2,\n",
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" 'stops talks': 1,\n",
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" 'japan': 1,\n",
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" 'español': 1,\n",
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" 'powers remain': 1,\n",
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" 'threats lurk': 1,\n",
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" 'set': 1,\n",
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" 'webb': 1,\n",
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" 'telescope begins multi-instrument alignment': 1,\n",
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" 'scitechdaily': 1,\n",
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" 'uconn': 1,\n",
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" 'ucf': 1,\n",
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" 'ncaa': 1,\n",
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" \"women 's tournament second-round highlights\": 1,\n",
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" 'march madness': 1,\n",
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" 'bucking republican trend': 1,\n",
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" 'indiana': 1,\n",
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" 'vetoes transgender': 1,\n",
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" 'bill': 1,\n",
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" 'maggie fox': 1,\n",
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" 'coronation': 1,\n",
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" 'shameless': 1,\n",
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" \"'sudden accident\": 1,\n",
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" 'mirror online': 1,\n",
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" 'mirror': 2,\n",
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" 'plane crash –': 1,\n",
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" 'search': 1,\n",
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" 'moment flight': 1,\n",
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" 'daniel morgan': 1,\n",
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" 'report condemns': 1,\n",
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" 'met': 1,\n",
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" 'guardian': 6,\n",
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" 'rishi sunak': 1,\n",
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" '’ s spring': 1,\n",
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" 'statement': 1,\n",
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" 'bbc.com': 1,\n",
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" 'uk': 3,\n",
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" 'ireland': 1,\n",
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" 'euro': 1,\n",
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" 'vladimir putin': 2,\n",
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" \"'s 'lover\": 1,\n",
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" 'brass eye': 1,\n",
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" '’ s outtakes': 1,\n",
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" 'brutal tv comedy': 1,\n",
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" 'threatens civilians': 1,\n",
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" 'mariupol': 1,\n",
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" \"'s spirit\": 1,\n",
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" 'shell u-turn': 1,\n",
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" 'cambo': 1,\n",
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" 'green targets': 1,\n",
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" 'st helens': 1,\n",
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" 'dog attack': 1,\n",
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" 'girl': 1,\n",
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" 'bbc': 1,\n",
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" 'playstation': 1,\n",
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" \"'assassin 's\": 1,\n",
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" 'creed': 1,\n",
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" 'jade raymond': 1,\n",
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" 'haven studios': 1,\n",
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" 'nme': 1,\n",
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" 'nintendo switch': 1,\n",
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" 'folders •': 1,\n",
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" 'eurogamer.net': 2,\n",
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" 'fa': 1,\n",
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" 'solution ”': 1,\n",
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" 'liverpool': 1,\n",
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" 'fan group blasts “ shambolic ”': 1,\n",
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" 'wembley': 1,\n",
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" 'anfield': 1,\n",
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" 'manchester': 1,\n",
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" 'live erik': 1,\n",
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" 'hag': 1,\n",
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" 'utd': 1,\n",
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" 'manager updates': 1,\n",
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" 'manchester evening': 1,\n",
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" 'inflation': 1,\n",
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" 'government borrowing': 1,\n",
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" 'february': 1,\n",
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" 'crude oil': 1,\n",
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" '– business': 1,\n",
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" 'kremlin': 1,\n",
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" 'large-scale fraud': 1,\n",
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" 'sky': 1,\n",
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" 'natural gas': 1,\n",
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" 'gazprom': 1,\n",
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" 'retail unit': 1,\n",
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" 'insider': 1,\n",
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" 'zaghari-ratcliffe': 1,\n",
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" 'hunt': 1,\n",
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" 'iran': 1,\n",
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" 'debt payment': 1}"
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]
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},
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"execution_count": 22,
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"metadata": {},
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"output_type": "execute_result"
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"w = {}\n",
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"for x in all_titles:\n",
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" for n in TextBlob(x).noun_phrases:\n",
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" if n in w:\n",
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" w[n].append(x)\n",
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" else:\n",
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" w[n]=[x]\n",
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"{ x:len(w[x]) for x in w.keys()}"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"Nous pouvons voir que les noms ne nous donnent pas de grands groupes thématiques. Remplaçons les noms par des termes plus généraux obtenus à partir du graphe conceptuel. Cela prendra un certain temps, car nous effectuons un appel REST pour chaque groupe nominal.\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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||
"execution_count": 23,
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"metadata": {
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||
"trusted": true
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},
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"outputs": [],
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||
"source": [
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"w = {}\n",
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"for x in all_titles:\n",
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" for noun in TextBlob(x).noun_phrases:\n",
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" terms = query(noun)\n",
|
||
" for term in [u for u in terms.keys() if terms[u]>0.1]:\n",
|
||
" if term in w:\n",
|
||
" w[term].append(x)\n",
|
||
" else:\n",
|
||
" w[term]=[x]"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||
"execution_count": 24,
|
||
"metadata": {
|
||
"trusted": true
|
||
},
|
||
"outputs": [
|
||
{
|
||
"data": {
|
||
"text/plain": [
|
||
"{'city': 9,\n",
|
||
" 'brand': 4,\n",
|
||
" 'place': 9,\n",
|
||
" 'town': 4,\n",
|
||
" 'factor': 4,\n",
|
||
" 'film': 4,\n",
|
||
" 'nation': 11,\n",
|
||
" 'state': 5,\n",
|
||
" 'person': 4,\n",
|
||
" 'organization': 5,\n",
|
||
" 'publication': 10,\n",
|
||
" 'market': 5,\n",
|
||
" 'economy': 4,\n",
|
||
" 'company': 6,\n",
|
||
" 'newspaper': 6,\n",
|
||
" 'relationship': 6}"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"execution_count": 24,
|
||
"metadata": {},
|
||
"output_type": "execute_result"
|
||
}
|
||
],
|
||
"source": [
|
||
"{ x:len(w[x]) for x in w.keys() if len(w[x])>3}"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"cell_type": "code",
|
||
"execution_count": 27,
|
||
"metadata": {
|
||
"trusted": true
|
||
},
|
||
"outputs": [
|
||
{
|
||
"name": "stdout",
|
||
"output_type": "stream",
|
||
"text": [
|
||
"\n",
|
||
"ECONOMY:\n",
|
||
"China searches for victims, flight recorders after first plane crash in 12 years - Reuters\n",
|
||
"Live updates: Russia stops talks with Japan over sanctions - The Associated Press - en Español\n",
|
||
"China plane crash – live: Search for survivors continues as witness describes moment flight fell from sky - The Independent\n",
|
||
"UK prepares to nationalize Russia natural gas giant Gazprom's retail unit - Business Insider\n",
|
||
"\n",
|
||
"NATION:\n",
|
||
"‘Clear sign’ Putin considering using chemical weapons in Ukraine, claims President Biden - The Independent\n",
|
||
"Duchess of Cambridge swaps khaki jungle gear for Vampire's Wife dress on Belize trip - Daily Mail\n",
|
||
"China searches for victims, flight recorders after first plane crash in 12 years - Reuters\n",
|
||
"Live updates: Russia stops talks with Japan over sanctions - The Associated Press - en Español\n",
|
||
"Live updates: Russia stops talks with Japan over sanctions - The Associated Press - en Español\n",
|
||
"China plane crash – live: Search for survivors continues as witness describes moment flight fell from sky - The Independent\n",
|
||
"UK and Republic of Ireland in line to host Euro 2028 after no one else bids - The Guardian\n",
|
||
"Friends beg Vladimir Putin's 'lover' to persuade him to end Ukraine invasion - The Mirror\n",
|
||
"‘Clear sign’ Putin considering using chemical weapons in Ukraine, claims President Biden - The Independent\n",
|
||
"UK prepares to nationalize Russia natural gas giant Gazprom's retail unit - Business Insider\n",
|
||
"Zaghari-Ratcliffe: Hunt calls for inquiry into delay over Iran debt payment - The Guardian\n",
|
||
"\n",
|
||
"PERSON:\n",
|
||
"‘Clear sign’ Putin considering using chemical weapons in Ukraine, claims President Biden - The Independent\n",
|
||
"Duchess of Cambridge swaps khaki jungle gear for Vampire's Wife dress on Belize trip - Daily Mail\n",
|
||
"Second superyacht linked to Russian oligarch Abramovich docks in Turkey - Reuters\n",
|
||
"‘Clear sign’ Putin considering using chemical weapons in Ukraine, claims President Biden - The Independent\n"
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
],
|
||
"source": [
|
||
"print('\\nECONOMY:\\n'+'\\n'.join(w['economy']))\n",
|
||
"print('\\nNATION:\\n'+'\\n'.join(w['nation']))\n",
|
||
"print('\\nPERSON:\\n'+'\\n'.join(w['person']))"
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"cell_type": "markdown",
|
||
"metadata": {},
|
||
"source": [
|
||
"---\n\n<!-- CO-OP TRANSLATOR DISCLAIMER START -->\n**Avertissement** :\nCe document a été traduit à l’aide du service de traduction automatique [Co-op Translator](https://github.com/Azure/co-op-translator). Bien que nous nous efforcions d’assurer l’exactitude, veuillez noter que les traductions automatiques peuvent contenir des erreurs ou des inexactitudes. Le document original dans sa langue d’origine doit être considéré comme la source faisant foi. Pour les informations critiques, une traduction professionnelle humaine est recommandée. Nous déclinons toute responsabilité en cas de malentendus ou d’interprétations erronées résultant de l’utilisation de cette traduction.\n<!-- CO-OP TRANSLATOR DISCLAIMER END -->\n"
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
],
|
||
"metadata": {
|
||
"kernelspec": {
|
||
"display_name": "Python 3.7.4 64-bit (conda)",
|
||
"metadata": {
|
||
"interpreter": {
|
||
"hash": "86193a1ab0ba47eac1c69c1756090baa3b420b3eea7d4aafab8b85f8b312f0c5"
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
"name": "python3"
|
||
},
|
||
"language_info": {
|
||
"codemirror_mode": {
|
||
"name": "ipython",
|
||
"version": 3
|
||
},
|
||
"file_extension": ".py",
|
||
"mimetype": "text/x-python",
|
||
"name": "python",
|
||
"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
|
||
"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
|
||
"version": "3.9.5"
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
"nbformat": 4,
|
||
"nbformat_minor": 2
|
||
} |