Translate all Chinese comments, docstrings, log messages, error messages,
and LLM prompt text to English across the entire backend codebase.
Locale translation files (locales/*.json) are unchanged.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Background threads (graph building, simulation prep, report generation,
profile generation) now inherit the requesting user's locale preference.
Previously these fell back to 'zh' because Flask request context was
unavailable in spawned threads.