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# -*- python-mode -*-
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## Copyright (C) 2012-2013 Daniel Pavel
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##
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## This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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## it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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## the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
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## (at your option) any later version.
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##
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## This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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## but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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## MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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## GNU General Public License for more details.
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##
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## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
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## with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
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## 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
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"""Generic Human Interface Device API.
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This provides a python interface to libusb's hidapi library which,
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unlike udev, is available for non-linux platforms.
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See https://github.com/libusb/hidapi for how to obtain binaries.
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Parts of this code are adapted from https://github.com/apmorton/pyhidapi
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which is MIT licensed.
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"""
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import atexit
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import ctypes
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import platform as _platform
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from collections import namedtuple
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from logging import INFO as _INFO
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from logging import getLogger
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from threading import Thread
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from time import sleep
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_log = getLogger(__name__)
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del getLogger
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native_implementation = 'hidapi'
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# Device info as expected by Solaar
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DeviceInfo = namedtuple(
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'DeviceInfo', [
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'path',
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'bus_id',
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'vendor_id',
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'product_id',
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'interface',
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'driver',
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'manufacturer',
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'product',
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'serial',
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'release',
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'isDevice',
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'hidpp_short',
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'hidpp_long',
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]
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)
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del namedtuple
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# Global handle to hidapi
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_hidapi = None
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# hidapi binary names for various platforms
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_library_paths = (
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'libhidapi-hidraw.so', 'libhidapi-hidraw.so.0', 'libhidapi-libusb.so', 'libhidapi-libusb.so.0',
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'libhidapi-iohidmanager.so', 'libhidapi-iohidmanager.so.0', 'libhidapi.dylib', 'hidapi.dll', 'libhidapi-0.dll'
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)
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for lib in _library_paths:
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try:
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_hidapi = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary(lib)
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break
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except OSError:
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pass
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else:
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raise ImportError(f"Unable to load hdiapi library, tried: {' '.join(_library_paths)}")
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# Retrieve version of hdiapi library
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class _cHidApiVersion(ctypes.Structure):
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_fields_ = [
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('major', ctypes.c_int),
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('minor', ctypes.c_int),
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('patch', ctypes.c_int),
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]
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_hidapi.hid_version.argtypes = []
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_hidapi.hid_version.restype = ctypes.POINTER(_cHidApiVersion)
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_hid_version = _hidapi.hid_version()
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# Construct device info struct based on API version
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class _cDeviceInfo(ctypes.Structure):
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def as_dict(self):
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return {name: getattr(self, name) for name, _t in self._fields_ if name != 'next'}
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# Low level hdiapi device info struct
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# See https://github.com/libusb/hidapi/blob/master/hidapi/hidapi.h#L143
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_cDeviceInfo_fields = [
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('path', ctypes.c_char_p),
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('vendor_id', ctypes.c_ushort),
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('product_id', ctypes.c_ushort),
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('serial_number', ctypes.c_wchar_p),
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('release_number', ctypes.c_ushort),
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('manufacturer_string', ctypes.c_wchar_p),
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('product_string', ctypes.c_wchar_p),
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('usage_page', ctypes.c_ushort),
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('usage', ctypes.c_ushort),
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('interface_number', ctypes.c_int),
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('next', ctypes.POINTER(_cDeviceInfo)),
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]
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if _hid_version.contents.major >= 0 and _hid_version.contents.minor >= 13:
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_cDeviceInfo_fields.append(('bus_type', ctypes.c_int))
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_cDeviceInfo._fields_ = _cDeviceInfo_fields
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# Set up hidapi functions
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_hidapi.hid_init.argtypes = []
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_hidapi.hid_init.restype = ctypes.c_int
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_hidapi.hid_exit.argtypes = []
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_hidapi.hid_exit.restype = ctypes.c_int
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_hidapi.hid_enumerate.argtypes = [ctypes.c_ushort, ctypes.c_ushort]
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_hidapi.hid_enumerate.restype = ctypes.POINTER(_cDeviceInfo)
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_hidapi.hid_free_enumeration.argtypes = [ctypes.POINTER(_cDeviceInfo)]
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_hidapi.hid_free_enumeration.restype = None
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_hidapi.hid_open.argtypes = [ctypes.c_ushort, ctypes.c_ushort, ctypes.c_wchar_p]
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_hidapi.hid_open.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
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_hidapi.hid_open_path.argtypes = [ctypes.c_char_p]
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_hidapi.hid_open_path.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
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_hidapi.hid_write.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_size_t]
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_hidapi.hid_write.restype = ctypes.c_int
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_hidapi.hid_read_timeout.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_size_t, ctypes.c_int]
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_hidapi.hid_read_timeout.restype = ctypes.c_int
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_hidapi.hid_read.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_size_t]
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_hidapi.hid_read.restype = ctypes.c_int
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_hidapi.hid_get_input_report.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_size_t]
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_hidapi.hid_get_input_report.restype = ctypes.c_int
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_hidapi.hid_set_nonblocking.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_int]
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_hidapi.hid_set_nonblocking.restype = ctypes.c_int
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_hidapi.hid_send_feature_report.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_int]
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_hidapi.hid_send_feature_report.restype = ctypes.c_int
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_hidapi.hid_get_feature_report.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_size_t]
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_hidapi.hid_get_feature_report.restype = ctypes.c_int
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_hidapi.hid_close.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p]
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_hidapi.hid_close.restype = None
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_hidapi.hid_get_manufacturer_string.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_wchar_p, ctypes.c_size_t]
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_hidapi.hid_get_manufacturer_string.restype = ctypes.c_int
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_hidapi.hid_get_product_string.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_wchar_p, ctypes.c_size_t]
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_hidapi.hid_get_product_string.restype = ctypes.c_int
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_hidapi.hid_get_serial_number_string.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_wchar_p, ctypes.c_size_t]
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_hidapi.hid_get_serial_number_string.restype = ctypes.c_int
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_hidapi.hid_get_indexed_string.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_wchar_p, ctypes.c_size_t]
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_hidapi.hid_get_indexed_string.restype = ctypes.c_int
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_hidapi.hid_error.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p]
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_hidapi.hid_error.restype = ctypes.c_wchar_p
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# Initialize hidapi
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_hidapi.hid_init()
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atexit.register(_hidapi.hid_exit)
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# Solaar opens the same device more than once which will fail unless we
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# allow non-exclusive opening. On windows opening with shared access is
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# the default, for macOS we need to set it explicitly.
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if _platform.system() == 'Darwin':
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_hidapi.hid_darwin_set_open_exclusive.argtypes = [ctypes.c_int]
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_hidapi.hid_darwin_set_open_exclusive.restype = None
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_hidapi.hid_darwin_set_open_exclusive(0)
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class HIDError(Exception):
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pass
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def _enumerate_devices():
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""" Returns all HID devices which are potentially useful to us """
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devices = []
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c_devices = _hidapi.hid_enumerate(0, 0)
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p = c_devices
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while p:
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devices.append(p.contents.as_dict())
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p = p.contents.next
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_hidapi.hid_free_enumeration(c_devices)
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keyboard_or_mouse = {d['path'] for d in devices if d['usage_page'] == 1 and d['usage'] in (6, 2)}
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unique_devices = {}
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for device in devices:
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# On macOS we cannot access keyboard or mouse devices without special permissions. Since
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# we don't need them anyway we remove them so opening them doesn't cause errors later.
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if device['path'] in keyboard_or_mouse:
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# print(f"Ignoring keyboard or mouse device: {device}")
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continue
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# hidapi returns separate entries for each usage page of a device.
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# Deduplicate by path to only keep one device entry.
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if device['path'] not in unique_devices:
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unique_devices[device['path']] = device
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unique_devices = unique_devices.values()
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# print("Unique devices:\n" + '\n'.join([f"{dev}" for dev in unique_devices]))
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return unique_devices
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# Use a separate thread to check if devices have been removed or connected
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class _DeviceMonitor(Thread):
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def __init__(self, device_callback, polling_delay=5.0):
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self.device_callback = device_callback
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self.polling_delay = polling_delay
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# daemon threads are automatically killed when main thread exits
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super().__init__(daemon=True)
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def run(self):
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# Populate initial set of devices so startup doesn't cause any callbacks
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self.prev_devices = {tuple(dev.items()): dev for dev in _enumerate_devices()}
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# Continously enumerate devices and raise callback for changes
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while True:
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current_devices = {tuple(dev.items()): dev for dev in _enumerate_devices()}
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for key, device in self.prev_devices.items():
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if key not in current_devices:
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self.device_callback('remove', device)
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for key, device in current_devices.items():
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if key not in self.prev_devices:
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self.device_callback('add', device)
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self.prev_devices = current_devices
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sleep(self.polling_delay)
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# The filterfn is used to determine whether this is a device of interest to Solaar.
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# It is given the bus id, vendor id, and product id and returns a dictionary
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# with the required hid_driver and usb_interface and whether this is a receiver or device.
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def _match(action, device, filterfn):
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vid = device['vendor_id']
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pid = device['product_id']
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# Translate hidapi bus_type to the bus_id values Solaar expects
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if device.get('bus_type') == 0x01:
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bus_id = 0x03 # USB
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elif device.get('bus_type') == 0x02:
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bus_id = 0x05 # Bluetooth
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else:
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bus_id = None
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# Check for hidpp support
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device['hidpp_short'] = False
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device['hidpp_long'] = False
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device_handle = None
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try:
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device_handle = open_path(device['path'])
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report = get_input_report(device_handle, 0x10, 32)
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if len(report) == 1 + 6 and report[0] == 0x10:
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device['hidpp_short'] = True
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report = get_input_report(device_handle, 0x11, 32)
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if len(report) == 1 + 19 and report[0] == 0x11:
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device['hidpp_long'] = True
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except HIDError as e: # noqa: F841
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if _log.isEnabledFor(_INFO):
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_log.info(f"Error opening device {device['path']} ({bus_id}/{vid:04X}/{pid:04X}) for hidpp check: {e}")
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finally:
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if device_handle:
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close(device_handle)
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if _log.isEnabledFor(_INFO):
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_log.info(
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'Found device BID %s VID %04X PID %04X HID++ %s %s', bus_id, vid, pid, device['hidpp_short'], device['hidpp_long']
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)
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if not device['hidpp_short'] and not device['hidpp_long']:
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return None
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filter = filterfn(bus_id, vid, pid, device['hidpp_short'], device['hidpp_long'])
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if not filter:
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return
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isDevice = filter.get('isDevice')
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if action == 'add':
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d_info = DeviceInfo(
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path=device['path'].decode(),
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bus_id=bus_id,
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vendor_id=f'{vid:04X}',
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product_id=f'{pid:04X}',
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interface=None,
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driver=None,
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|
|
|
manufacturer=device['manufacturer_string'],
|
|
|
|
|
product=device['product_string'],
|
|
|
|
|
serial=device['serial_number'],
|
|
|
|
|
release=device['release_number'],
|
|
|
|
|
isDevice=isDevice,
|
|
|
|
|
hidpp_short=device['hidpp_short'],
|
|
|
|
|
hidpp_long=device['hidpp_long'],
|
|
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
return d_info
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
elif action == 'remove':
|
|
|
|
|
d_info = DeviceInfo(
|
|
|
|
|
path=device['path'].decode(),
|
|
|
|
|
bus_id=None,
|
|
|
|
|
vendor_id=f'{vid:04X}',
|
|
|
|
|
product_id=f'{pid:04X}',
|
|
|
|
|
interface=None,
|
|
|
|
|
driver=None,
|
|
|
|
|
manufacturer=None,
|
|
|
|
|
product=None,
|
|
|
|
|
serial=None,
|
|
|
|
|
release=None,
|
|
|
|
|
isDevice=isDevice,
|
|
|
|
|
hidpp_short=None,
|
|
|
|
|
hidpp_long=None,
|
|
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
return d_info
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def find_paired_node(receiver_path, index, timeout):
|
|
|
|
|
"""Find the node of a device paired with a receiver"""
|
|
|
|
|
return None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def find_paired_node_wpid(receiver_path, index):
|
|
|
|
|
"""Find the node of a device paired with a receiver, get wpid from udev"""
|
|
|
|
|
return None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def monitor_glib(callback, filterfn):
|
|
|
|
|
from gi.repository import GLib
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def device_callback(action, device):
|
|
|
|
|
# print(f"device_callback({action}): {device}")
|
|
|
|
|
if action == 'add':
|
|
|
|
|
d_info = _match(action, device, filterfn)
|
|
|
|
|
if d_info:
|
|
|
|
|
GLib.idle_add(callback, action, d_info)
|
|
|
|
|
elif action == 'remove':
|
|
|
|
|
# Removed devices will be detected by Solaar directly
|
|
|
|
|
pass
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
monitor = _DeviceMonitor(device_callback=device_callback)
|
|
|
|
|
monitor.start()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def enumerate(filterfn):
|
|
|
|
|
"""Enumerate the HID Devices.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
List all the HID devices attached to the system, optionally filtering by
|
|
|
|
|
vendor_id, product_id, and/or interface_number.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:returns: a list of matching ``DeviceInfo`` tuples.
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
for device in _enumerate_devices():
|
|
|
|
|
d_info = _match('add', device, filterfn)
|
|
|
|
|
if d_info:
|
|
|
|
|
yield d_info
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def open(vendor_id, product_id, serial=None):
|
|
|
|
|
"""Open a HID device by its Vendor ID, Product ID and optional serial number.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If no serial is provided, the first device with the specified IDs is opened.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:returns: an opaque device handle, or ``None``.
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
if serial is not None:
|
|
|
|
|
serial = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(serial)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
device_handle = _hidapi.hid_open(vendor_id, product_id, serial)
|
|
|
|
|
if device_handle is None:
|
|
|
|
|
raise HIDError(_hidapi.hid_error(None))
|
|
|
|
|
return device_handle
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def open_path(device_path):
|
|
|
|
|
"""Open a HID device by its path name.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:param device_path: the path of a ``DeviceInfo`` tuple returned by enumerate().
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:returns: an opaque device handle, or ``None``.
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
if not isinstance(device_path, bytes):
|
|
|
|
|
device_path = device_path.encode()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
device_handle = _hidapi.hid_open_path(device_path)
|
|
|
|
|
if device_handle is None:
|
|
|
|
|
raise HIDError(_hidapi.hid_error(None))
|
|
|
|
|
return device_handle
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def close(device_handle):
|
|
|
|
|
"""Close a HID device.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:param device_handle: a device handle returned by open() or open_path().
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
assert device_handle
|
|
|
|
|
_hidapi.hid_close(device_handle)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def write(device_handle, data):
|
|
|
|
|
"""Write an Output report to a HID device.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:param device_handle: a device handle returned by open() or open_path().
|
|
|
|
|
:param data: the data bytes to send including the report number as the
|
|
|
|
|
first byte.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The first byte of data[] must contain the Report ID. For
|
|
|
|
|
devices which only support a single report, this must be set
|
|
|
|
|
to 0x0. The remaining bytes contain the report data. Since
|
|
|
|
|
the Report ID is mandatory, calls to hid_write() will always
|
|
|
|
|
contain one more byte than the report contains. For example,
|
|
|
|
|
if a hid report is 16 bytes long, 17 bytes must be passed to
|
|
|
|
|
hid_write(), the Report ID (or 0x0, for devices with a
|
|
|
|
|
single report), followed by the report data (16 bytes). In
|
|
|
|
|
this example, the length passed in would be 17.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
write() will send the data on the first OUT endpoint, if
|
|
|
|
|
one exists. If it does not, it will send the data through
|
|
|
|
|
the Control Endpoint (Endpoint 0).
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
assert device_handle
|
|
|
|
|
assert data
|
|
|
|
|
assert isinstance(data, bytes), (repr(data), type(data))
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
bytes_written = _hidapi.hid_write(device_handle, data, len(data))
|
|
|
|
|
if bytes_written < 0:
|
|
|
|
|
raise HIDError(_hidapi.hid_error(device_handle))
|
|
|
|
|
return bytes_written
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def read(device_handle, bytes_count, timeout_ms=None):
|
|
|
|
|
"""Read an Input report from a HID device.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:param device_handle: a device handle returned by open() or open_path().
|
|
|
|
|
:param bytes_count: maximum number of bytes to read.
|
|
|
|
|
:param timeout_ms: can be -1 (default) to wait for data indefinitely, 0 to
|
|
|
|
|
read whatever is in the device's input buffer, or a positive integer to
|
|
|
|
|
wait that many milliseconds.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Input reports are returned to the host through the INTERRUPT IN endpoint.
|
|
|
|
|
The first byte will contain the Report number if the device uses numbered
|
|
|
|
|
reports.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:returns: the data packet read, an empty bytes string if a timeout was
|
|
|
|
|
reached, or None if there was an error while reading.
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
assert device_handle
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
data = ctypes.create_string_buffer(bytes_count)
|
|
|
|
|
if timeout_ms is None or timeout_ms < 0:
|
|
|
|
|
bytes_read = _hidapi.hid_read(device_handle, data, bytes_count)
|
|
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
|
|
bytes_read = _hidapi.hid_read_timeout(device_handle, data, bytes_count, timeout_ms)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if bytes_read < 0:
|
|
|
|
|
raise HIDError(_hidapi.hid_error(device_handle))
|
|
|
|
|
return None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
return data.raw[:bytes_read]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def get_input_report(device_handle, report_id, size):
|
|
|
|
|
assert device_handle
|
|
|
|
|
data = ctypes.create_string_buffer(size)
|
|
|
|
|
data[0] = bytearray((report_id, ))
|
|
|
|
|
size = _hidapi.hid_get_input_report(device_handle, data, size)
|
|
|
|
|
if size < 0:
|
|
|
|
|
raise HIDError(_hidapi.hid_error(device_handle))
|
|
|
|
|
return data.raw[:size]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _readstring(device_handle, func, max_length=255):
|
|
|
|
|
assert device_handle
|
|
|
|
|
buf = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(max_length)
|
|
|
|
|
ret = func(device_handle, buf, max_length)
|
|
|
|
|
if ret < 0:
|
|
|
|
|
raise HIDError('Error reading device property')
|
|
|
|
|
return buf.value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def get_manufacturer(device_handle):
|
|
|
|
|
"""Get the Manufacturer String from a HID device.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:param device_handle: a device handle returned by open() or open_path().
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
return _readstring(device_handle, _hidapi.get_manufacturer_string)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def get_product(device_handle):
|
|
|
|
|
"""Get the Product String from a HID device.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:param device_handle: a device handle returned by open() or open_path().
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
return _readstring(device_handle, _hidapi.get_product_string)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def get_serial(device_handle):
|
|
|
|
|
"""Get the serial number from a HID device.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:param device_handle: a device handle returned by open() or open_path().
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
return _readstring(device_handle, _hidapi.get_serial_number_string)
|
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