# Environment Variables Reference

This comprehensive guide documents all environment variables available in CAI, including their purposes, default values, and usage examples.

---

## 🔎 Discovering variables in the REPL

In current CAI releases, you can explore environment variables **from inside the interactive CLI** without leaving the session:

| What you need | Command |
|---------------|---------|
| **Numbered catalog with live values** (what is set *now*) | `/env list` |
| **Session keys only** (`CAI_*` / `CTF_*` in this process) | `/env` (no arguments) |
| **Full reference tables** (defaults, allowed values, when they apply, extras) | `/help` — scroll past the quick guide; or `/help topics` for the overview first, then the same tables at the end |
| **Long-form help for one variable** (examples, catalog index when listed, notes) | `/help var VARIABLE_NAME` (e.g. `/help var CAI_MODEL`, `/help var CAI_AVOID_SUDO`) |

Aliases such as `/h` for `/help` work the same way. This page remains the **canonical web reference**; the REPL output tracks the version you have installed.

---

## 📖 Fields explained (same model as `/help var NAME`)

In the REPL, **`/help var VARIABLE_NAME`** expands each variable with the same ideas used below:

| Field | Meaning |
|-------|---------|
| **Description** | What the variable controls (see the next table). |
| **Values** | Value *type* or documented range (e.g. `bool`, `int 0–2`, `string`) — same notion as the **Values** column in the large `/help` tables. |
| **When** | **Runtime** — often picked up on each use via `os.getenv`. **Restart** — typically read only at process start (new session recommended). **Mixed** — in `os.environ` but parts of CAI may cache until the next turn, agent switch, or restart. |
| **Default** | Documented default when unset or as shipped. |

**How to set (matches `/help` copy):**

- Before launch: `export VAR=value` or a line in `.env`, then start CAI.
- During a session: `/env set <#|NAME> <value…>`, `/env default`, or code updating `os.environ`.

**Types (short):** *bool* — `true`/`false`, `1`/`0`, etc.; *string* — free text; *int* / *float* — numeric; ranges in **Values** are the usual bounds CAI documents; *secret* — treat like a string, never commit real keys.

For **numbered catalog index**, **extra notes**, and **copy-paste examples** per variable, use **`/help var NAME`** in the REPL — the web page keeps one compact table for browsing.

---

## 📋 Complete Reference Table

| Variable | Description | Values | When | Default |
|----------|-------------|------|------|---------|
| CTF_NAME | Name of the CTF challenge to run (e.g. "picoctf_static_flag") | string | Mixed | - |
| CTF_CHALLENGE | Specific challenge name within the CTF to test | string | Mixed | - |
| CTF_SUBNET | Network subnet for the CTF container | string | Mixed | 192.168.3.0/24 |
| CTF_IP | IP address for the CTF container | string | Mixed | 192.168.3.100 |
| CTF_INSIDE | Whether to conquer the CTF from within container | bool | Mixed | true |
| CAI_MODEL | Model to use for agents | string | Mixed | alias1 |
| CAI_DEBUG | Set debug output level (0: Only tool outputs, 1: Verbose debug output, 2: CLI debug output) | int 0–2 | Mixed | 1 |
| CAI_BRIEF | Enable/disable brief output mode | bool | Mixed | false |
| CAI_MAX_TURNS | Maximum number of turns for agent interactions | int ≥1 | Mixed | inf |
| CAI_MAX_INTERACTIONS | Maximum number of interactions (tool calls, agent actions, etc.) allowed in a session. If exceeded, only CLI commands are allowed until increased. If force_until_flag=true, the session will exit | int ≥1 | Mixed | inf |
| CAI_PRICE_LIMIT | Price limit for the conversation in dollars. If exceeded, only CLI commands are allowed until increased. If force_until_flag=true, the session will exit | float ≥0 | Mixed | 1 |
| CAI_TRACING | Enable/disable OpenTelemetry tracing. When enabled, traces execution flow and agent interactions for debugging and analysis | bool | Restart | true |
| CAI_AGENT_TYPE | Specify the agents to use (e.g., boot2root, one_tool, redteam_agent). Use "/agent" command in CLI to list all available agents | string | Mixed | redteam_agent |
| CAI_STATE | Enable/disable stateful mode. When enabled, the agent will use a state agent to keep track of the state of the network and the flags found | bool | Mixed | false |
| CAI_MEMORY | Enable/disable memory mode (episodic: use episodic memory, semantic: use semantic memory, all: use both episodic and semantic memory) | string | Mixed | false |
| CAI_MEMORY_ONLINE | Enable/disable online memory mode | bool | Mixed | false |
| CAI_MEMORY_OFFLINE | Enable/disable offline memory | bool | Mixed | false |
| CAI_ENV_CONTEXT | Add environment context, dirs and current env available | bool | Mixed | true |
| CAI_MEMORY_ONLINE_INTERVAL | Number of turns between online memory updates | int | Mixed | 5 |
| CAI_SUPPORT_MODEL | Model to use for the support agent | string | Mixed | o3-mini |
| CAI_SUPPORT_INTERVAL | Number of turns between support agent executions | int | Mixed | 5 |
| CAI_STREAM | Enable/disable streaming output in rich panel | bool | Runtime | false |
| CAI_TELEMETRY | Enable/disable telemetry | bool | Restart | true |
| CAI_PARALLEL | Number of parallel agent instances to run. When set to values greater than 1, executes multiple instances of the same agent in parallel and displays all results | int 1–20 | Mixed | 1 |
| CAI_GUARDRAILS | Enable/disable security guardrails for agents. When set to "true", applies security guardrails to prevent potentially dangerous outputs and inputs | bool | Runtime | false |
| CAI_GCTR_NITERATIONS | Number of tool interactions before triggering GCTR (Generative Cut-The-Rope) analysis in bug_bounter_gctr agent. Only applies when using gctr-enabled agents | int | Mixed | 5 |
| CAI_ACTIVE_CONTAINER | Docker container ID where commands should be executed. When set, shell commands and tools execute inside the specified container instead of the host. Automatically set when CTF challenges start (if CTF_INSIDE=true) or when switching containers via /virtualization command | string | Mixed | - |
| CAI_TOOL_TIMEOUT | Override the default timeout for tool command executions in seconds. When set, this value overrides all default timeouts for shell commands and tool executions | int (s) | Runtime | varies (10s for interactive, 100s for regular) |
| C99_API_KEY | API key for C99.nl subdomain discovery service. Required for using the C99 reconnaissance tool for DNS enumeration and subdomain discovery. Obtain from [C99.nl](https://c99.nl) | string | Mixed | - |

---

## 🎯 Quick Reference by Use Case

### 🚀 Getting Started (Essential)

For first-time users, these are the essential variables to configure:

```bash
# Required: Model selection
CAI_MODEL="alias1"                    # or gpt-4o, claude-sonnet-4.5, ollama/qwen2.5:72b

# Recommended: Agent type
CAI_AGENT_TYPE="redteam_agent"        # See available agents with /agent command

# Optional but useful: Cost control
CAI_PRICE_LIMIT="1"                   # Maximum spend in dollars
```

**Related Documentation:**
- [Installation Guide](cai/getting-started/installation.md)
- [Configuration Guide](cai/getting-started/configuration.md)

---

### 🏴 CTF Challenges

For running Capture The Flag challenges in containerized environments:

```bash
# Challenge selection
CTF_NAME="picoctf_static_flag"        # Name of the CTF challenge
CTF_CHALLENGE="web_exploitation_1"    # Specific sub-challenge

# Network configuration
CTF_SUBNET="192.168.3.0/24"          # Container subnet
CTF_IP="192.168.3.100"               # Container IP address

# Execution mode
CTF_INSIDE="true"                     # Run agent inside container
```

**Best Practices:**
- Set `CTF_INSIDE=true` to run the agent inside the challenge container
- Use `CAI_ACTIVE_CONTAINER` to manually specify which container to execute commands in
- Combine with `CAI_STATE=true` to track discovered flags

**Related Documentation:**
- [CTF Benchmarks](benchmarking/jeopardy_ctfs.md)

---

### 🔍 Reconnaissance & OSINT

For reconnaissance tasks using external tools:

```bash
# C99.nl subdomain discovery
C99_API_KEY="your-c99-api-key"        # Enable C99 reconnaissance tool

# Agent configuration for recon
CAI_AGENT_TYPE="redteam_agent"        # Or create custom recon agent
```

**Reconnaissance Tools:**
- **C99 Tool**: Subdomain discovery and DNS enumeration via C99.nl API
- Configure `C99_API_KEY` to enable the C99 reconnaissance tool
- See [Tools Documentation](tools.md) for usage examples

**Related Documentation:**
- [Tools Documentation](tools.md#c99-tool)

---

### 🧠 Memory & State Management

For maintaining context across sessions and learning from past interactions:

```bash
# State tracking
CAI_STATE="true"                      # Enable network state tracking

# Memory modes
CAI_MEMORY="all"                      # Options: episodic, semantic, all, false
CAI_MEMORY_ONLINE="true"              # Enable online memory
CAI_MEMORY_OFFLINE="true"             # Enable offline memory

# Memory tuning
CAI_MEMORY_ONLINE_INTERVAL="5"       # Turns between memory updates
```

**Memory Modes Explained:**
- `episodic`: Remember specific past events and interactions
- `semantic`: Extract and store general knowledge
- `all`: Combine both episodic and semantic memory

**Related Documentation:**
- [Advanced Features](tui/advanced_features.md)

---

### 🛡️ Security & Safety

For enabling security guardrails and controlling agent behavior:

```bash
# Security guardrails
CAI_GUARDRAILS="true"                 # Prevent dangerous commands
CAI_PRICE_LIMIT="1"                   # Maximum cost in dollars
CAI_MAX_INTERACTIONS="inf"            # Maximum allowed interactions

# Shell privilege policy (generic Linux tool)
CAI_AVOID_SUDO="true"                 # Block sudo/su/pkexec/doas (hard block; see /help var CAI_AVOID_SUDO)

# Debugging & monitoring
CAI_DEBUG="1"                         # 0: minimal, 1: verbose, 2: CLI debug
CAI_TRACING="true"                    # Enable OpenTelemetry tracing
```

**Security Layers:**
- **Guardrails**: Prompt injection detection and command validation
- **`CAI_AVOID_SUDO`**: Blocks privilege escalation in the generic Linux shell tool; use `/help var CAI_AVOID_SUDO` for examples and session vs. launch notes
- **Cost Limits**: Prevent runaway API usage
- **Interaction Limits**: Control agent autonomy

**Related Documentation:**
- [Guardrails Documentation](guardrails.md)
- [TUI Advanced Features](tui/advanced_features.md)

---

### ⚡ Performance Optimization

For optimizing output, execution speed, and resource usage:

```bash
# Output control
CAI_BRIEF="true"                      # Concise output mode
CAI_STREAM="false"                    # Disable streaming for faster processing

# Context optimization
CAI_ENV_CONTEXT="true"                # Include environment in context
CAI_MAX_TURNS="50"                    # Limit conversation turns

# Tool execution timeout
CAI_TOOL_TIMEOUT="60"                 # Override default command timeouts (in seconds)

# Telemetry
CAI_TELEMETRY="true"                  # Enable usage analytics
```

**Performance Tips:**
- Enable `CAI_BRIEF` for concise outputs in automated workflows
- Set `CAI_MAX_TURNS` to prevent infinite loops
- Use `CAI_STREAM=false` when output display is not needed
- Set `CAI_TOOL_TIMEOUT` to control command execution timeouts (default: 10s for interactive, 100s for regular commands)

---

### 🔧 Advanced Agent Configuration

For specialized agents and complex workflows:

```bash
# Support agent (meta-reasoning)
CAI_SUPPORT_MODEL="o3-mini"          # Model for support agent
CAI_SUPPORT_INTERVAL="5"             # Turns between support executions

# Parallel execution
CAI_PARALLEL="3"                      # Run 3 agent instances simultaneously

# Specialized agents
CAI_GCTR_NITERATIONS="5"             # For bug_bounty_gctr agent
```

**Specialized Agent Variables:**
- `CAI_GCTR_NITERATIONS`: Controls Cut-The-Rope analysis frequency in GCTR agents
- `CAI_SUPPORT_MODEL`: Meta-agent for strategic planning
- `CAI_PARALLEL`: Swarm-style parallel agent execution

**Related Documentation:**
- [Agents Documentation](agents.md)
- [Teams & Parallel Execution](tui/teams_and_parallel_execution.md)

---

### 🐳 Container & Virtualization

For executing commands inside Docker containers:

```bash
# Container targeting
CAI_ACTIVE_CONTAINER="a1b2c3d4e5f6"  # Docker container ID

# Automatic with CTF
CTF_INSIDE="true"                     # Auto-set CAI_ACTIVE_CONTAINER on CTF start
```

**Container Execution:**
- When `CAI_ACTIVE_CONTAINER` is set, all shell commands execute inside that container
- Automatically configured when starting CTF challenges with `CTF_INSIDE=true`
- Switch containers using `/virtualization` command in CLI

**Related Documentation:**
- [Commands Reference](cai/getting-started/commands.md)

---

### 🖥️ TUI-Specific Configuration

For Terminal User Interface features and workflows:

```bash
# TUI display
CAI_STREAM="true"                     # Enable streaming in TUI panels
CAI_BRIEF="false"                     # Full output for interactive sessions

# TUI workflows
CAI_PARALLEL="1"                      # Usually 1 for TUI, use Teams feature instead
CAI_GUARDRAILS="false"                # Consider enabling for team workflows
```

**TUI Recommendations:**
- Set `CAI_STREAM=true` for better interactive experience
- Use built-in Teams feature instead of `CAI_PARALLEL`
- Enable `CAI_GUARDRAILS` when coordinating multiple agents

**Related Documentation:**
- [TUI Documentation](tui/tui_index.md)
- [TUI Getting Started](tui/getting_started.md)

---

## 💡 Common Configuration Examples

### Example 1: Local Development with Ollama

```bash
CAI_MODEL="ollama/qwen2.5:72b"
CAI_AGENT_TYPE="redteam_agent"
CAI_PRICE_LIMIT="0"
CAI_DEBUG="1"
CAI_GUARDRAILS="false"
```

### Example 2: Production CTF Solving

```bash
CTF_NAME="hackthebox_challenge"
CTF_INSIDE="true"
CAI_MODEL="alias1"
CAI_STATE="true"
CAI_MEMORY="all"
CAI_GUARDRAILS="true"
CAI_PRICE_LIMIT="5"
```

### Example 3: Pentesting with Cost Control

```bash
CAI_MODEL="gpt-4o"
CAI_AGENT_TYPE="redteam_agent"
CAI_PRICE_LIMIT="2"
CAI_MAX_INTERACTIONS="100"
CAI_GUARDRAILS="true"
CAI_BRIEF="false"
```

### Example 4: Parallel Testing (Non-TUI)

```bash
CAI_MODEL="alias0-fast"
CAI_PARALLEL="5"
CAI_BRIEF="true"
CAI_MAX_TURNS="20"
CAI_STREAM="false"
```

---

## 📚 Related Documentation

- [Configuration Guide](cai/getting-started/configuration.md) - Basic setup and API keys
- [Commands Reference](cai/getting-started/commands.md) - Available CLI commands
- [TUI Documentation](tui/tui_index.md) - Terminal User Interface features
- [Agents Documentation](agents.md) - Available agent types
- [Guardrails](guardrails.md) - Security and safety features

---

## ⚠️ Important Notes

### API Keys

CAI does NOT provide API keys for any model by default. Configure your own keys in the `.env` file:

```bash
OPENAI_API_KEY="sk-..."              # Required (can use "sk-123" as placeholder)
ANTHROPIC_API_KEY="sk-ant-..."       # For Claude models
ALIAS_API_KEY="sk-..."               # For alias1 (CAI PRO)
OLLAMA_API_BASE="http://localhost:11434/v1"  # For local models
C99_API_KEY="your-api-key"           # For C99.nl subdomain discovery tool
```

See the [Configuration Guide](cai/getting-started/configuration.md) for more details.

### Setting Variables

There are three ways to configure environment variables:

**1. `.env` file (Recommended)**
```bash
# Add to .env file
CAI_MODEL="alias1"
CAI_PRICE_LIMIT="1"
```

**2. Command-line**
```bash
CAI_MODEL="gpt-4o" CAI_PRICE_LIMIT="2" cai
```

**3. Runtime configuration**

Use slash commands during a session: `/env`, `/env list`, `/env set …`, and the in-session help above (`/help`, `/help var …`). See [Commands Reference](cai/getting-started/commands.md) and [CLI Commands Reference](cli/commands_reference.md).