diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
index e8b0b8d..449801b 100644
--- a/index.html
+++ b/index.html
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@
              mirrors SCOPE_FEATHER_RATIO_DEFAULT in src/scopeMask.js. Feather
              softens the black mask edge; label fading is the separate Fade
              slider. -->
-        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="scope-feather-slider" min="0" max="100" value="11" title="Scope edge feather as a percentage of the keyhole radius" />
+        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="scope-feather-slider" min="0" max="100" value="11" aria-label="Scope edge feather" title="Scope edge feather as a percentage of the keyhole radius" />
         <span class="pp-slider-value" id="scope-feather-value">11%</span>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@
         <span class="pp-label">Bloom</span>
       </button>
       <div class="pp-slider-row" id="bloom-slider-row">
-        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="bloom-intensity-slider" min="0" max="200" value="0" />
+        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="bloom-intensity-slider" min="0" max="200" value="0" aria-label="Bloom intensity" />
         <span class="pp-slider-value" id="bloom-intensity-value">0%</span>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@
         <span class="pp-label">Sharpen</span>
       </button>
       <div class="pp-slider-row" id="sharpen-slider-row">
-        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="sharpen-intensity-slider" min="0" max="100" value="49" />
+        <input type="range" class="pp-slider" id="sharpen-intensity-slider" min="0" max="100" value="49" aria-label="Sharpen intensity" />
         <span class="pp-slider-value" id="sharpen-intensity-value">49%</span>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -565,7 +565,7 @@
             <button id="search-toggle" class="search-toggle-btn" title="Search any location">
               <span>&#x1F50E;</span>
             </button>
-            <input type="text" id="location-search" placeholder="Search any location..." autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" />
+            <input type="text" id="location-search" placeholder="Search any location..." autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" aria-label="Search location by name or coordinates" />
           </div>
         </div>
       </div>
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@
         <button id="scene-export-btn" class="scene-btn">EXPORT PRESETS</button>
         <button id="scene-import-btn" class="scene-btn">IMPORT</button>
         <button id="scene-download-btn" class="scene-btn">RUN LOG</button>
-        <input type="file" id="scene-import-file" accept="application/json,.json" hidden />
+        <input type="file" id="scene-import-file" accept="application/json,.json" hidden aria-label="Import scene JSON file" />
       </div>
       <div class="scene-progress">
         <div id="scene-progress-fill">0%</div>
@@ -872,7 +872,7 @@
     </div>
     <div class="first-run-footer">
       <label class="first-run-suppress">
-        <input type="checkbox" data-first-run-suppress />
+        <input type="checkbox" data-first-run-suppress aria-label="Do not show this message again on startup" />
         <span>Don't show this again</span>
       </label>
       <span>ESC to dismiss</span>
diff --git a/src/hudA11y.test.mjs b/src/hudA11y.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd5a34e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hudA11y.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import test from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
+import path from 'node:path';
+
+test('index.html: all interactive input elements have accessible names (WCAG 4.1.2)', () => {
+  const htmlPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'index.html');
+  const html = readFileSync(htmlPath, 'utf8');
+
+  // Match all <input ... /> tags
+  const inputMatches = [...html.matchAll(/<input\b([^>]*)\/?>/g)];
+  assert.ok(inputMatches.length > 5, 'expected to find interactive input elements');
+
+  for (const match of inputMatches) {
+    const attrs = match[1];
+    const hasAriaLabel = /aria-label=["'][^"']+["']/.test(attrs);
+    const hasAriaLabelledby = /aria-labelledby=["'][^"']+["']/.test(attrs);
+    const idMatch = attrs.match(/\bid=["']([^"']+)["']/);
+    const id = idMatch ? idMatch[1] : null;
+
+    let hasAssociatedLabel = false;
+    if (id) {
+      // Check if there is a <label for="id">
+      const labelForRegex = new RegExp(`<label\\b[^>]*\\bfor=["']${id}["']`, 'i');
+      hasAssociatedLabel = labelForRegex.test(html);
+    }
+
+    const hasAccessibleName = hasAriaLabel || hasAriaLabelledby || hasAssociatedLabel;
+    assert.ok(
+      hasAccessibleName,
+      `input tag "${match[0]}" must have an accessible name (aria-label, aria-labelledby, or label for)`
+    );
+  }
+});
+
+test('index.html: HUD sliders and controls have descriptive accessible labels', () => {
+  const htmlPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'index.html');
+  const html = readFileSync(htmlPath, 'utf8');
+
+  assert.match(html, /id="scope-feather-slider"[^>]*aria-label="Scope edge feather"/);
+  assert.match(html, /id="bloom-intensity-slider"[^>]*aria-label="Bloom intensity"/);
+  assert.match(html, /id="sharpen-intensity-slider"[^>]*aria-label="Sharpen intensity"/);
+  assert.match(html, /id="location-search"[^>]*aria-label="Search location by name or coordinates"/);
+  assert.match(html, /data-first-run-suppress[^>]*aria-label="Do not show this message again on startup"/);
+});
+
+test('ui.js: dynamic style parameter sliders set aria-label', () => {
+  const uiPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'src/ui.js');
+  const uiJs = readFileSync(uiPath, 'utf8');
+
+  assert.match(uiJs, /slider\.setAttribute\(['"]aria-label['"],\s*uMeta\.label\)/);
+});
diff --git a/src/ui.js b/src/ui.js
index 668e752..53c0fd5 100644
--- a/src/ui.js
+++ b/src/ui.js
@@ -8930,6 +8930,7 @@ export class StyleManager {
       const slider = document.createElement('input');
       slider.type = 'range';
       slider.className = 'param-slider';
+      slider.setAttribute('aria-label', uMeta.label);
       slider.min = uMeta.min;
       slider.max = uMeta.max;
       slider.step = uMeta.max <= 1 ? '0.01' : '0.1';