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README.md
Active Development Branch: JK_Revisions
This branch is under heavy revision — do not merge to main yet.
- All recent work (since fork on 2026-03-03) is by @jacob-kraniak
- Upstream history (pre-2026 commits) remains from original trimstray repo for credit & context
See only my changes:
When ready: Plan to squash-merge or rebase + clean history into main.
Fork Attribution & My Contributions
Forked on 2026-03-03 from trimstray/the-book-of-secret-knowledge (MIT licensed, last major upstream activity ~2024).
Repository Contents
Click to expand full directory structure
-
documentation/ — Guides, how-tos, one-liners, cheat sheets, learning material
- INDEX.md — Documentation overview
- learning-resources/
- manuals-howtos-guides/
- other-cheat-sheets.md
- readme - to refactor.md (legacy — planned for migration)
-
tools/ — Curated collections of tools across security, networking, sysadmin & devops
- _INDEX.md — Tools overview (recommended rename → INDEX.md)
- my-contributions.md — Personally added / heavily used tools
- system-services.md
- network-engineering/
- diagnostics-troubleshooting/ — Bandwidth & performance, tracing, online utilities, protocols
- dns-dhc-ipam/
- routing-bgp-ospf/
- security/
- Untitled.md (to be reviewed / renamed)
- pentest-recon-enum/
- ssl-tls-web-security.md
- vuln-analysis-exploitation/
- sysadmin-devops/
- Remote Access + SSH Clients.md
- https-web-services/
- benchmark-load/
- browsers/
- clients-inspectors/
- security-hardening/
- system-monitoring-tracing/
- terminal-shell-productivity/
-
Meta & Configuration
- .github/
- .obsidian/ — optional personal vault settings
- .gitignore
- .markdownlint.json
- .markdownlintignore
- Contributing.md
- LICENSE.md
- README.md ← you are here
- TOOL-TABLE-SCHEMA.md — format standard for all tool tables
Quick Access
| Area | Focus | Main Entry Point |
|---|---|---|
| Tools – Overview | All categories & personal contributions | _INDEX.md |
| Security Tools | Recon, scanning, TLS/web security, exploits | tools/security/ |
| Network Engineering | Diagnostics, DNS/IPAM, BGP/OSPF/routing | tools/network-engineering/ |
| SysAdmin / DevOps | SSH, web services, monitoring, shell productivity | tools/sysadmin-devops/ |
| Documentation & Guides | One-liners, cheat sheets, daily learning | documentation/INDEX.md |
| My Contributions | Personally vetted / added tools & notes | tools/my-contributions.md |
| Tool Table Format | Schema used in every tool list | TOOL-TABLE-SCHEMA.md |
All tool-list markdown files follow the structure and linking rules defined in TOOL-TABLE-SCHEMA.md.
▪️ Security
SELinux - provides a flexible Mandatory Access Control (MAC) system built into the Linux kernel.
AppArmor - proactively protects the operating system and applications from external or internal threats.
grapheneX - Automated System Hardening Framework.
DevSec Hardening Framework - Security + DevOps: Automatic Server Hardening.
▪️ Auditing Tools
ossec - actively monitoring all aspects of system activity with file integrity monitoring.
auditd - provides a way to track security-relevant information on your system.
Tiger - is a security tool that can be use both as a security audit and intrusion detection system.
Lynis - battle-tested security tool for systems running Linux, macOS, or Unix-based operating system.
LinEnum - scripted Local Linux Enumeration & Privilege Escalation Checks.
Rkhunter - scanner tool for Linux systems that scans backdoors, rootkits and local exploits on your systems.
PE-sieve - is a light-weight tool that helps to detect malware running on the system.
PEASS - privilege escalation tools for Windows and Linux/Unix and MacOS.
▪️ Databases
usql - universal command-line interface for SQL databases.
pgcli - postgres CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
mycli - terminal client for MySQL with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
litecli - SQLite CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
mssql-cli - SQL Server CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
OSQuery - is a SQL powered operating system instrumentation, monitoring, and analytics framework.
pgsync - sync data from one Postgres database to another.
iredis - a terminal client for redis with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
SchemaCrawler - generates an E-R diagram of your database.
▪️ TOR
Nipe - script to make Tor Network your default gateway.
multitor - a tool that lets you create multiple TOR instances with a load-balancing.
▪️ Messengers/IRC Clients
Irssi - is a free open source terminal based IRC client.
WeeChat - is an extremely extensible and lightweight IRC client.
▪️ Productivity
taskwarrior - task management system, todo list
▪️ Other
sysadmin-util - tools for Linux/Unix sysadmins.
incron - is an inode-based filesystem notification technology.
lsyncd - synchronizes local directories with remote targets (Live Syncing Daemon).
GRV - is a terminal based interface for viewing Git repositories.
Tig - text-mode interface for Git.
tldr - simplified and community-driven man pages.
archiver - easily create and extract .zip, .tar, .tar.gz, .tar.bz2, .tar.xz, .tar.lz4, .tar.sz, and .rar.
commander.js - minimal CLI creator in JavaScript.
gron - make JSON greppable!
bed - binary editor written in Go.
GUI Tools [TOC]
▪️ Network
Wireshark - is the world’s foremost and widely-used network protocol analyzer.
Ettercap - is a comprehensive network monitor tool.
EtherApe - is a graphical network monitoring solution.
Packet Sender - is a networking utility for packet generation and built-in UDP/TCP/SSL client and servers.
Ostinato - is a packet crafter and traffic generator.
JMeter™ - open source software to load test functional behavior and measure performance.
locust - scalable user load testing tool written in Python.
▪️ Browsers
TOR Browser - protect your privacy and defend yourself against network surveillance and traffic analysis.
▪️ Password Managers
KeePassXC - store your passwords safely and auto-type them into your everyday websites and apps.
Bitwarden - open source password manager with built-in sync.
Vaultwarden - unofficial Bitwarden compatible server written in Rust.
▪️ Messengers/IRC Clients
HexChat - is an IRC client based on XChat.
Pidgin - is an easy to use and free chat client used by millions.
▪️ Messengers (end-to-end encryption)
Signal - is an encrypted communications app.
Wire - secure messaging, file sharing, voice calls and video conferences.
TorChat - decentralized anonymous instant messenger on top of Tor Hidden Services.
Matrix - an open network for secure, decentralized, real-time communication.
▪️ Text editors
Sublime Text - is a lightweight, cross-platform code editor known for its speed, ease of use.
Visual Studio Code - an open-source and free source code editor developed by Microsoft.
Atom - a hackable text editor for the 21st Century.
Web Tools [TOC]
▪️ Browsers
SSL/TLS Capabilities of Your Browser - test your browser's SSL implementation.
Can I use - provides up-to-date browser support tables for support of front-end web technologies.
Panopticlick 3.0 - is your browser safe against tracking?
Privacy Analyzer - see what data is exposed from your browser.
Web Browser Security - it's all about Web Browser fingerprinting.
How's My SSL? - help a web server developer learn what real world TLS clients were capable of.
sslClientInfo - client test (incl TLSv1.3 information).
▪️ HTTP Headers & Web Linters
Security Headers - analyse the HTTP response headers (with rating system to the results).
Observatory by Mozilla - set of tools to analyze your website.
webhint - is a linting tool that will help you with your site's accessibility, speed, security, and more.
▪️ DNS
▪️ Mail
smtp-tls-checker - check an email domain for SMTP TLS support.
MX Toolbox - all of your MX record, DNS, blacklist and SMTP diagnostics in one integrated tool.
Secure Email - complete email test tools for email technicians.
blacklistalert - checks to see if your domain is on a Real Time Spam Blacklist.
MultiRBL - complete IP check for sending Mailservers.
DKIM SPF & Spam Assassin Validator - checks mail authentication and scores messages with Spam Assassin.
▪️ Encoders/Decoders and Regex testing
URL Encode/Decode - tool from above to either encode or decode a string of text.
Uncoder - the online translator for search queries on log data.
Regex101 - online regex tester and debugger: PHP, PCRE, Python, Golang and JavaScript.
RegExr - online tool to learn, build, & test Regular Expressions (RegEx / RegExp).
RegEx Testing - online regex testing tool.
RegEx Pal - online regex testing tool + other tools.
The Cyber Swiss Army Knife - a web app for encryption, encoding, compression and data analysis.
▪️ Privacy
privacyguides.org - provides knowledge and tools to protect your privacy against global mass surveillance.
DNS Privacy Test Servers - DNS privacy recursive servers list (with a 'no logging' policy).
▪️ Code parsers/playgrounds
ShellCheck - finds bugs in your shell scripts.
explainshell - get interactive help texts for shell commands.
jsbin - live pastebin for HTML, CSS & JavaScript, and more.
CodeSandbox - online code editor for web application development.
PHP Sandbox - test your PHP code with this code tester.
Repl.it - an instant IDE to learn, build, collaborate, and host all in one place.
vclFiddle - is an online tool for experimenting with the Varnish Cache VCL.
Haskell Dockerfile Linter - a smarter Dockerfile linter that helps you build best practice Docker images.
▪️ Performance
GTmetrix - analyze your site’s speed and make it faster.
Sucuri loadtimetester - test here the
performance of any of your sites from across the globe.
Pingdom Tools - analyze your site’s speed around the world.
PingMe.io - run website latency tests across multiple geographic regions.
PageSpeed Insights - analyze your site’s speed and make it faster.
web.dev - helps developers like you learn and apply the web's modern capabilities to your own sites and apps.
Lighthouse - automated auditing, performance metrics, and best practices for the web.
▪️ Mass scanners (search engines)
Censys - platform that helps information security practitioners discover, monitor, and analyze devices.
Shodan - the world's first search engine for Internet-connected devices.
Shodan 2000 - this tool looks for randomly generated data from Shodan.
GreyNoise - mass scanner such as Shodan and Censys.
ZoomEye - search engine for cyberspace that lets the user find specific network components.
netograph - tools to monitor and understand deep structure of the web.
FOFA - is a cyberspace search engine.
onyphe - is a search engine for open-source and cyber threat intelligence data collected.
IntelligenceX - is a search engine and data archive.
binaryedge - it scan the entire internet space and create real-time threat intelligence streams and reports.
Spyse - Internet assets registry: networks, threats, web objects, etc.
wigle - is a submission-based catalog of wireless networks. All the networks. Found by Everyone.
PublicWWW - find any alphanumeric snippet, signature or keyword in the web pages HTML, JS and CSS code.
IntelTechniques - this repository contains hundreds of online search utilities.
hunter - lets you find email addresses in seconds and connect with the people that matter for your business.
GhostProject? - search by full email address or username.
databreaches - was my email affected by data breach?
We Leak Info - world's fastest and largest data breach search engine.
Pulsedive - scans of malicious URLs, IPs, and domains, including port scans and web requests.
Buckets by Grayhatwarfar - database with public search for Open Amazon S3 Buckets and their contents.
Vigilante.pw - the breached database directory.
builtwith - find out what websites are built with.
NerdyData - search the web's source code for technologies, across millions of sites.
zorexeye - search for sites, images, apps, softwares & more.
Mamont's open FTP Index - if a target has an open FTP site with accessible content it will be listed here.
OSINT Framework - focused on gathering information from free tools or resources.
maltiverse - is a service oriented to cybersecurity analysts.
Leaked Source - is a collaboration of data found online in the form of a lookup.
We Leak Info - to help everyday individuals secure their online life, avoiding getting hacked.
pipl - is the place to find the person behind the email address, social username or phone number.
abuse.ch - is operated by a random swiss guy fighting malware for non-profit.
malc0de - malware search engine.
Cybercrime Tracker - monitors and tracks various malware families that are used to perpetrate cyber crimes.
shhgit - find GitHub secrets in real time.
searchcode - helping you find real world examples of functions, API's and libraries.
Insecam - the world biggest directory of online surveillance security cameras.
index-of - contains great stuff like: security, hacking, reverse engineering, cryptography, programming etc.
Rapid7 Labs Open Data - is a great resources of datasets from Project Sonar.
Common Response Headers - the largest database of HTTP response headers.
InQuest Labs - InQuest Labs is an open, interactive, and API driven data portal for security researchers.
▪️ Generators
thispersondoesnotexist - generate fake faces in one click - endless possibilities.
AI Generated Photos - 100.000 AI generated faces.
fakenamegenerator - your randomly generated identity.
Intigriti Redirector - open redirect/SSRF payload generator.
▪️ Passwords
have i been pwned? - check if you have an account that has been compromised in a data breach.
dehashed - is a hacked database search engine.
Leaked Source - is a collaboration of data found online in the form of a lookup.
▪️ CVE/Exploits databases
▪️ Mobile apps scanners
ImmuniWeb® Mobile App Scanner - test security and privacy of mobile apps (iOS & Android).
Quixxi - free Mobile App Vulnerability Scanner for Android & iOS.
Ostorlab - analyzes mobile application to identify vulnerabilities and potential weaknesses.
▪️ Private Search Engines
Startpage - the world's most private search engine.
searX - a privacy-respecting, hackable metasearch engine.
darksearch - the 1st real Dark Web search engine.
Qwant - the search engine that respects your privacy.
DuckDuckGo - the search engine that doesn't track you.
Swisscows - privacy safe web search
Disconnect - the search engine that anonymizes your searches.
MetaGer - the search engine that uses anonymous proxy and hidden Tor branches.
▪️ Secure Webmail Providers
CounterMail - online email service, designed to provide maximum security and privacy.
Mail2Tor - is a Tor Hidden Service that allows anyone to send and receive emails anonymously.
Tutanota - is the world's most secure email service and amazingly easy to use.
Protonmail - is the world's largest secure email service, developed by CERN and MIT scientists.
Startmail - private & encrypted email made easy.
▪️ Crypto
Keybase - it's open source and powered by public-key cryptography.
▪️ PGP Keyservers
SKS OpenPGP Key server - services for the SKS keyservers used by OpenPGP.
Systems/Services [TOC]
▪️ Operating Systems
Slackware - the most "Unix-like" Linux distribution.
OpenBSD - multi-platform 4.4BSD-based UNIX-like operating system.
HardenedBSD - HardenedBSD aims to implement innovative exploit mitigation and security solutions.
Kali Linux - Linux distribution used for Penetration Testing, Ethical Hacking and network security assessments.
Parrot Security OS - cyber security GNU/Linux environment.
Backbox Linux - penetration test and security assessment oriented Ubuntu-based Linux distribution.
BlackArch - is an Arch Linux-based penetration testing distribution for penetration testers.
Pentoo - is a security-focused livecd based on Gentoo.
Security Onion - Linux distro for intrusion detection, enterprise security monitoring, and log management.
Tails - is a live system that aims to preserve your privacy and anonymity.
vedetta - OpenBSD router boilerplate.
Qubes OS - is a security-oriented OS that uses Xen-based virtualization.
▪️ HTTP(s) Services
Varnish Cache - HTTP accelerator designed for content-heavy dynamic web sites.
Nginx - open source web and reverse proxy server that is similar to Apache, but very light weight.
OpenResty - is a dynamic web platform based on NGINX and LuaJIT.
Tengine - a distribution of Nginx with some advanced features.
Caddy Server - is an open source, HTTP/2-enabled web server with HTTPS by default.
HAProxy - the reliable, high performance TCP/HTTP load balancer.
▪️ DNS Services
Unbound - validating, recursive, and caching DNS resolver (with TLS).
Knot Resolver - caching full resolver implementation, including both a resolver library and a daemon.
PowerDNS - is an open source authoritative DNS server, written in C++ and licensed under the GPL.
▪️ Other Services
3proxy - tiny free proxy server.
▪️ Security/hardening
Emerald Onion - is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization and transit internet service provider (ISP).
pi-hole - the Pi-hole® is a DNS sinkhole that protects your devices from unwanted content.
maltrail - malicious traffic detection system.
security_monkey - monitors AWS, GCP, OpenStack, and GitHub orgs for assets and their changes over time.
firecracker - secure and fast microVMs for serverless computing.
streisand - sets up a new server running your choice of WireGuard, OpenSSH, OpenVPN, and more.
Networks [TOC]
▪️ Tools
CapAnalysis - web visual tool to analyze large amounts of captured network traffic (PCAP analyzer).
netbox - IP address management (IPAM) and data center infrastructure management (DCIM) tool.
▪️ Labs
NRE Labs - learn automation by doing it. Right now, right here, in your browser.
▪️ Other
LBNL's Network Research Group - home page of the Network Research Group (NRG).
Containers/Orchestration [TOC]
▪️ CLI Tools
gvisor - container runtime sandbox.
ctop - top-like interface for container metrics.
▪️ Web Tools
Moby - a collaborative project for the container ecosystem to assemble container-based system.
Traefik - open source reverse proxy/load balancer provides easier integration with Docker and Let's encrypt.
kong - The Cloud-Native API Gateway.
rancher - complete container management platform.
portainer - making Docker management easy.
nginx-proxy - automated nginx proxy for Docker containers using docker-gen.
bunkerized-nginx - nginx docker image "secure by default".
▪️ Security
docker-bench-security - checks for dozens of common best-practices around deploying Docker.
trivy - vulnerability scanner for containers, suitable for CI.
Harbor - cloud native registry project that stores, signs, and scans content.
Houdini - hundreds of offensive and useful docker images for network intrusion.
▪️ Manuals/Tutorials/Best Practices
docker-cheat-sheet - a quick reference cheat sheet on Docker.
awesome-docker - a curated list of Docker resources and projects.
docker_practice - learn and understand Docker technologies, with real DevOps practice!
labs
- is a collection of tutorials for learning how to use Docker with various tools.
dockerfiles - various Dockerfiles I use on the desktop and on servers.
kubernetes-the-hard-way - bootstrap Kubernetes the hard way on Google Cloud Platform. No scripts.
kubernetes-the-easy-way - bootstrap Kubernetes the easy way on Google Cloud Platform. No scripts.
cheatsheet-kubernetes-A4 - Kubernetes CheatSheets in A4.
k8s-security - kubernetes security notes and best practices.
kubernetes-production-best-practices - checklists with best-practices for production-ready Kubernetes.
kubernetes-production-best-practices - kubernetes security - best practice guide.
kubernetes-failure-stories - is a compilation of public failure/horror stories related to Kubernetes.
Manuals/Howtos/Tutorials [TOC]
▪️ Shell/Command line
pure-bash-bible - is a collection of pure bash alternatives to external processes.
pure-sh-bible - is a collection of pure POSIX sh alternatives to external processes.
bash-guide - is a guide to learn bash.
bash-handbook - for those who wanna learn Bash.
The Bash Hackers Wiki - hold documentation of any kind about GNU Bash.
Shell & Utilities - describes the commands offered to application programs by POSIX-conformant systems.
the-art-of-command-line - master the command line, in one page.
Shell Style Guide - a shell style guide for Google-originated open-source projects.
▪️ Text Editors
Vim Cheat Sheet - great multi language vim guide.
▪️ Python
Awesome Python - a curated list of awesome Python frameworks, libraries, software and resources.
python-cheatsheet - comprehensive Python cheatsheet.
pythoncheatsheet.org - basic reference for beginner and advanced developers.
▪️ Sed & Awk & Other
F’Awk Yeah! - advanced sed and awk usage (Parsing for Pentesters 3).
▪️ *nix & Network
nixCraft - linux and unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin.
TecMint - the ideal Linux blog for Sysadmins & Geeks.
Omnisecu - free Networking, System Administration and Security tutorials.
linux-cheat - Linux tutorials and cheatsheets. Minimal examples. Mostly user-land CLI utilities.
linuxupskillchallenge - learn the skills required to sysadmin.
Unix Toolbox - Unix/Linux/BSD commands and tasks which are useful for IT work or for advanced users.
Linux Kernel Teaching - is a collection of lectures and labs Linux kernel topics.
htop explained - explanation of everything you can see in htop/top on Linux.
Linux Guide and Hints - tutorials on system administration in Fedora and CentOS.
strace-little-book - a little book which introduces strace.
linux-tracing-workshop - examples and hands-on labs for Linux tracing tools workshops.
http2-explained - a detailed document explaining and documenting HTTP/2.
http3-explained - a document describing the HTTP/3 and QUIC protocols.
HTTP/2 in Action - an excellent introduction to the new HTTP/2 standard.
Let's code a TCP/IP stack - great stuff to learn network and system programming at a deeper level.
Nginx Admin's Handbook - how to improve NGINX performance, security and other important things.
nginxconfig.io - NGINX config generator on steroids.
openssh guideline - is to help operational teams with the configuration of OpenSSH server and client.
SSH Handshake Explained - is a relatively brief description of the SSH handshake.
ISC's Knowledgebase - you'll find some general information about BIND 9, ISC DHCP, and Kea DHCP.
PacketLife.net - a place to record notes while studying for Cisco's CCNP certification.
▪️ Microsoft
AD-Attack-Defense - attack and defend active directory using modern post exploitation activity.
▪️ Large-scale systems
The System Design Primer - learn how to design large-scale systems.
Awesome Scalability - best practices in building High Scalability, High Availability, High Stability, and more.
Web Architecture 101 - the basic architecture concepts.
▪️ System hardening
CIS Benchmarks - secure configuration settings for over 100 technologies, available as a free PDF.
Security Harden CentOS 7 - this walks you through the steps required to security harden CentOS.
CentOS 7 Server Hardening Guide - great guide for hardening CentOS; familiar with OpenSCAP.
awesome-security-hardening - is a collection of security hardening guides, tools and other resources.
The Practical Linux Hardening Guide - provides a high-level overview of hardening GNU/Linux systems.
Linux Hardening Guide - how to harden Linux as much as possible for security and privacy.
▪️ Security & Privacy
Hacking Articles - LRaj Chandel's Security & Hacking Blog.
AWS security tools - make your AWS cloud environment more secure.
Rawsec's CyberSecurity Inventory - an inventory of tools and resources about CyberSecurity.
The Illustrated TLS Connection - every byte of a TLS connection explained and reproduced.
SSL Research - SSL and TLS Deployment Best Practices by SSL Labs.
SELinux Game - learn SELinux by doing. Solve Puzzles, show skillz.
Certificates and PKI - everything you should know about certificates and PKI but are too afraid to ask.
The Art of Subdomain Enumeration - a reference for subdomain enumeration techniques.
Quitting Google - the comprehensive guide to quitting Google.
▪️ Web Apps
OWASP - worldwide not-for-profit charitable organization focused on improving the security of software.
OWASP ASVS 3.0.1 - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard Project.
OWASP ASVS 3.0.1 Web App - simple web app that helps developers understand the ASVS requirements.
OWASP ASVS 4.0 - is a list of application security requirements or tests.
OWASP Testing Guide v4 - includes a "best practice" penetration testing framework.
OWASP Dev Guide - this is the development version of the OWASP Developer Guide.
OWASP WSTG - is a comprehensive open source guide to testing the security of web apps.
OWASP API Security Project - focuses specifically on the top ten vulnerabilities in API security.
Mozilla Web Security - help operational teams with creating secure web applications.
security-bulletins - security bulletins that relate to Netflix Open Source.
API-Security-Checklist - security countermeasures when designing, testing, and releasing your API.
Enable CORS - enable cross-origin resource sharing.
Application Security Wiki - is an initiative to provide all application security related resources at one place.
Weird Proxies - reverse proxy related attacks; it is a result of analysis of various proxies.
Webshells - great series about malicious payloads.
Practical Web Cache Poisoning - show you how to compromise websites by using esoteric web features.
Hidden directories and files - as a source of sensitive information about web application.
Explosive blog - great blog about cybersec and pentests.
Security Cookies - this paper will take a close look at cookie security.
APISecurityBestPractices - help you keep secrets (API keys, db credentials, certificates) out of source code.
▪️ All-in-one
LZone Cheat Sheets - all cheat sheets.
Dan’s Cheat Sheets’s - massive cheat sheets documentation.
Rico's cheatsheets - this is a modest collection of cheatsheets.
DevDocs API - combines multiple API documentations in a fast, organized, and searchable interface.
cheat.sh - the only cheat sheet you need.
gnulinux.guru - collection of cheat sheets about bash, vim and networking.
Web Skills - visual overview of useful skills to learn as a web developer.
▪️ Ebooks
free-programming-books - list of free learning resources in many languages.
▪️ Other
CTF Series : Vulnerable Machines - the steps below could be followed to find vulnerabilities and exploits.
50M_CTF_Writeup - $50 million CTF from Hackerone - writeup.
ctf-tasks - an archive of low-level CTF challenges developed over the years.
How to start RE/malware analysis? - collection of some hints and useful links for the beginners.
The C10K problem - it's time for web servers to handle ten thousand clients simultaneously, don't you think?
How 1500 bytes became the MTU of the internet - great story about the Maximum Transmission Unit.
poor man's profiler - like dtrace's don't really provide methods to see what programs are blocking on.
HTTPS on Stack Overflow - this is the story of a long journey regarding the implementation of SSL.
Julia's Drawings - some drawings about programming and unix world, zines about systems & debugging tools.
Hash collisions - this great repository is focused on hash collisions exploitation.
sha256-animation - animation of the SHA-256 hash function in your terminal.
sha256algorithm - sha256 algorithm explained online step by step visually.
BGP Meets Cat - after 3072 hours of manipulating BGP, Job Snijders has succeeded in drawing a Nyancat.
bgp-battleships - playing battleships over BGP.
What happens when... - you type google.com into your browser and press enter?
how-web-works - based on the 'What happens when...' repository.
HTTPS in the real world - great tutorial explain how HTTPS works in the real world.
Gitlab and NFS bug - how we spent two weeks hunting an NFS bug in the Linux kernel.
Gitlab melts down - postmortem on the database outage of January 31 2017 with the lessons we learned.
How To Become A Hacker - if you want to be a hacker, keep reading.
Operation Costs in CPU - should help to estimate costs of certain operations in CPU clocks.
Let's Build a Simple Database - writing a sqlite clone from scratch in C.
simple-computer - great resource to understand how computers work under the hood.
The story of "Have I been pwned?" - working with 154 million records on Azure Table Storage.
TOP500 Supercomputers - shows the 500 most powerful commercially available computer systems.
How to build a 8 GPU password cracker - hours of frustration like desktop components do.
CERN Data Centre - 3D visualizations of the CERN computing environments (and more).
How fucked is my database - evaluate how fucked your database is with this handy website.
Linux Troubleshooting 101 , 2016 Edition - everything is a DNS Problem...
Five Whys - you know what the problem is, but you cannot solve it?
Maersk, me & notPetya - how did ransomware successfully hijack hundreds of domain controllers?
howhttps.works - how HTTPS works ...in a comic!
howdns.works - a fun and colorful explanation of how DNS works.
POSTGRESQLCO.NF - your postgresql.conf documentation and recommendations.
Inspiring Lists [TOC]
▪️ SysOps/DevOps
Awesome Sysadmin - amazingly awesome open source sysadmin resources.
Awesome Shell - awesome command-line frameworks, toolkits, guides and gizmos.
Command-line-text-processing - finding text to search and replace, sorting to beautifying, and more.
Awesome Pcaptools - collection of tools developed by other researchers to process network traces.
awesome-ebpf - a curated list of awesome projects related to eBPF.
Linux Network Performance - where some of the network sysctl variables fit into the Linux/Kernel network flow.
Awesome Postgres - list of awesome PostgreSQL software, libraries, tools and resources.
quick-SQL-cheatsheet - a quick reminder of all SQL queries and examples on how to use them.
Awesome-Selfhosted - list of Free Software network services and web applications which can be hosted locally.
List of applications - huge list of apps sorted by category, as a reference for those looking for packages.
CS-Interview-Knowledge-Map - build the best interview map.
DevOps-Guide - DevOps Guide from basic to advanced with Interview Questions and Notes.
FreeBSD Journal - it is a great list of periodical magazines about FreeBSD and other important things.
devops-interview-questions - contains interview questions on various DevOps and SRE related topics.
▪️ Developers
Web Developer Roadmap - roadmaps, articles and resources to help you choose your path, learn and improve.
Front-End-Checklist - the perfect Front-End Checklist for modern websites and meticulous developers.
Front-End-Performance-Checklist - Front-End Performance Checklist that runs faster than the others.
Python's Magic Methods - what are magic methods? They're everything in object-oriented Python.
wtfpython - a collection of surprising Python snippets and lesser-known features.
js-dev-reads - a list of books and articles for the discerning web developer to read.
Commit messages guide - a guide to understand the importance of commit messages.
▪️ Security/Pentesting
Awesome Web Security - a curated list of Web Security materials and resources.
awesome-cyber-skills - a curated list of hacking environments where you can train your cyber skills.
awesome-devsecops - an authoritative list of awesome devsecops tools.
awesome-osint - is a curated list of amazingly awesome OSINT.
HolyTips - tips and tutorials on Bug Bounty Hunting and Web App Security.
awesome-threat-intelligence - a curated list of Awesome Threat Intelligence resources.
Red-Teaming-Toolkit - a collection of open source and commercial tools that aid in red team operations.
awesome-burp-extensions - a curated list of amazingly awesome Burp Extensions.
Free Security eBooks - list of a Free Security and Hacking eBooks.
Hacking-Security-Ebooks - top 100 Hacking & Security E-Books.
privacy-respecting - curated list of privacy respecting services and software.
reverse-engineering - list of awesome reverse engineering resources.
linux-re-101 - a collection of resources for linux reverse engineering.
reverseengineering-reading-list - a list of Reverse Engineering articles, books, and papers.
Awesome-WAF - a curated list of awesome web-app firewall (WAF) stuff.
awesome-shodan-queries - interesting, funny, and depressing search queries to plug into shodan.io.
RobotsDisallowed - a curated list of the most common and most interesting robots.txt disallowed directories.
HackingNeuralNetworks - is a small course on exploiting and defending neural networks.
wildcard-certificates - why you probably shouldn't use a wildcard certificate.
Don't use VPN services - which is what every third-party "VPN provider" does.
awesome-yara - a curated list of awesome YARA rules, tools, and people.
macOS-Security-and-Privacy-Guide - guide to securing and improving privacy on macOS.
macos_security - macOS Security Compliance Project.
awesome-sec-talks - is a collected list of awesome security talks.
Movies for Hackers - list of movies every hacker & cyberpunk must watch.
Cryptography_1 - materials used whilst taking Prof. Dan Boneh Stanford Crypto course.
Crypton - library to learn and practice Offensive and Defensive Cryptography.
▪️ Other
Cheatography - over 3,000 free cheat sheets, revision aids and quick references.
awesome-static-analysis - static analysis tools for all programming languages.
computer-science - path to a free self-taught education in Computer Science.
post-mortems - is a collection of postmortems (config errors, hardware failures, and more).
build-your-own-x - build your own (insert technology here).
Project-Based-Tutorials-in-C - is a curated list of project-based tutorials in C.
The-Documentation-Compendium - various README templates & tips on writing high-quality documentation.
awesome-python-applications - free software that works great, and also happens to be open-source Python.
awesome-public-datasets - a topic-centric list of HQ open datasets.
machine-learning-algorithms - a curated list of all machine learning algorithms and concepts.
Blogs/Podcasts/Videos [TOC]
▪️ SysOps/DevOps
Varnish for PHP developers - very interesting presentation of Varnish by Mattias Geniar.
A Netflix Guide to Microservices - talks about the chaotic and vibrant world of microservices at Netflix.
▪️ Developers
Comparing C to machine lang - compare a simple C app with the compiled machine code of that program.
▪️ Geeky Persons
Brendan Gregg's Blog - is an industry expert in computing performance and cloud computing.
Gynvael "GynDream" Coldwind - is a IT security engineer at Google.
Michał "lcamtuf" Zalewski - white hat hacker, computer security expert.
Mattias Geniar - developer, sysadmin, blogger, podcaster and public speaker.
Nick Craver - software developer and systems administrator for Stack Exchange.
Scott Helme - security researcher, speaker and founder of securityheaders.com and report-uri.com.
Brian Krebs - The Washington Post and now an Independent investigative journalist.
Bruce Schneier - is an internationally renowned security technologist, called a "security guru".
Chrissy Morgan - advocate of practical learning, Chrissy also takes part in bug bounty programs.
Andy Gill - is a hacker at heart who works as a senior penetration tester.
Daniel Miessler - cybersecurity expert and writer.
Samy Kamkar - is an American privacy and security researcher, computer hacker.
Javvad Malik - is a security advocate at AlienVault, a blogger event speaker and industry commentator.
Graham Cluley - public speaker and independent computer security analyst.
Kacper Szurek - detection engineer at ESET.
Troy Hunt - web security expert known for public education and outreach on security topics.
raymii.org - sysadmin specializing in building high availability cloud environments.
Robert Penz - IT security expert.
▪️ Geeky Blogs
Linux Audit - the Linux security blog about auditing, hardening and compliance by Michael Boelen.
Linux Security Expert - trainings, howtos, checklists, security tools, and more.
The Grymoire - collection of useful incantations for wizards, be you computer wizards, magicians, or whatever.
Secjuice - is the only non-profit, independent and volunteer led publication in the information security space.
Decipher - security news that informs and inspires.
▪️ Geeky Vendor Blogs
Tenable Podcast - conversations and interviews related to Cyber Exposure, and more.
Sophos - threat news room, giving you news, opinion, advice and research on computer security issues.
Tripwire State of Security - blog featuring the latest news, trends and insights on current security issues.
Malwarebytes Labs Blog - security blog aims to provide insider news about cybersecurity.
TrustedSec - latest news, and trends about cybersecurity.
PortSwigger Web Security Blog - about web app security vulns and top tips from our team of web security.
AT&T Cybersecurity blog - news on emerging threats and practical advice to simplify threat detection.
Thycotic - where CISOs and IT Admins come to learn about industry trends, IT security, and more.
▪️ Geeky Cybersecurity Podcasts
Risky Business - is a weekly information security podcast featuring news and in-depth interviews.
Cyber, by Motherboard - stories, and focus on the ideas about cybersecurity.
Tenable Podcast - conversations and interviews related to Cyber Exposure, and more.
Cybercrime Investigations - podcast by Geoff White about cybercrimes.
The many hats club - featuring stories from a wide range of Infosec people (Whitehat, Greyhat and Blackhat).
Darknet Diaries - true stories from the dark side of the Internet.
OSINTCurious Webcasts - is the investigative curiosity that helps people be successful in OSINT.
Security Weekly - the latest information security and hacking news.
▪️ Geeky Cybersecurity Video Blogs
rev3rse security - offensive, binary exploitation, web app security, hardening, red team, blue team.
LiveOverflow - a lot more advanced topics than what is typically offered in paid online courses - but for free.
J4vv4D - the important information regarding our internet security.
CyberTalks - talks, interviews, and article about cybersecurity.
▪️ Best Personal Twitter Accounts
@blackroomsec - a white-hat hacker/pentester. Intergalactic Minesweeper Champion 1990.
@MarcoCiappelli - Co-Founder @ITSPmagazine, at the intersection of IT security and society.
@binitamshah - Linux Evangelist. Malwares. Kernel Dev. Security Enthusiast.
@joe_carson - an InfoSec Professional and Tech Geek.
@mikko - CRO at F-Secure, Reverse Engineer, TED Speaker, Supervillain.
@esrtweet - often referred to as ESR, is an American software developer, and open-source software advocate.
@gynvael - security researcher/programmer, @DragonSectorCTF founder/player, technical streamer.
@x0rz - Security Researcher & Cyber Observer.
@hasherezade - programmer, malware analyst. Author of PEbear, PEsieve, libPeConv.
@TinkerSec - tinkerer, cypherpunk, hacker.
@alisaesage - independent hacker and researcher.
@SwiftOnSecurity - systems security, industrial safety, sysadmin, author of decentsecurity.com.
@dakami - is one of just seven people with the authority to restore the DNS root keys.
@samykamkar - is a famous "grey hat" hacker, security researcher, creator of the MySpace "Samy" worm.
@securityweekly - founder & CTO of Security Weekly podcast network.
@jack_daniel - @SecurityBSides co-founder.
@thegrugq - Security Researcher.
@matthew_d_green - a cryptographer and professor at Johns Hopkins University.
▪️ Best Commercial Twitter Accounts
@haveibeenpwned - check if you have an account that has been compromised in a data breach.
@bugcrowd - trusted by more of the Fortune 500 than any other crowdsourced security platform.
@Malwarebytes - most trusted security company. Unmatched threat visibility.
@sansforensics - the world's leading Digital Forensics and Incident Response provider.
@attcyber - AT&T Cybersecurity’s Edge-to-Edge technologies provide threat intelligence, and more.
@TheManyHatsClub - an information security focused podcast and group of individuals from all walks of life.
@hedgehogsec - Hedgehog Cyber. Gibraltar and Manchester's top boutique information security firm.
@NCSC - the National Cyber Security Centre. Helping to make the UK the safest place to live and work online.
@Synacktiv - IT security experts.
▪️ A piece of history
How to Do Things at ARL - how to configure modems, scan images, record CD-ROMs, and other.*
▪️ Other
Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange (short version) - how Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange worked.
▪️ Pentests bookmarks collection
PTES - the penetration testing execution standard.
Pentests MindMap - amazing mind map with vulnerable apps and systems.
WebApps Security Tests MindMap - incredible mind map for WebApps security tests.
Brute XSS - master the art of Cross Site Scripting.
XSS cheat sheet - contains many vectors that can help you bypass WAFs and filters.
Offensive Security Bookmarks - security bookmarks collection, all things that author need to pass OSCP.
Awesome Pentest Cheat Sheets - collection of the cheat sheets useful for pentesting.
Awesome Hacking by HackWithGithub - awesome lists for hackers, pentesters and security researchers.
Awesome Hacking by carpedm20 - a curated list of awesome hacking tutorials, tools and resources.
Awesome Hacking Resources - collection of hacking/penetration testing resources to make you better.
Awesome Pentest - collection of awesome penetration testing resources, tools and other shiny things.
Awesome-Hacking-Tools - is a curated list of awesome Hacking Tools.
Hacking Cheat Sheet - author hacking and pentesting notes.
blackhat-arsenal-tools - official Black Hat arsenal security tools repository.
Penetration Testing and WebApp Cheat Sheets - the complete list of Infosec related cheat sheets.
Cyber Security Resources - includes thousands of cybersecurity-related references and resources.
Pentest Bookmarks - there are a LOT of pentesting blogs.
Cheatsheet-God - Penetration Testing Reference Bank - OSCP/PTP & PTX Cheatsheet.
ThreatHunter-Playbook - to aid the development of techniques and hypothesis for hunting campaigns.
Beginner-Network-Pentesting - notes for beginner network pentesting course.
OSCPRepo - is a list of resources that author have been gathering in preparation for the OSCP.
PayloadsAllTheThings - a list of useful payloads and bypass for Web Application Security and Pentest/CTF.
payloads - git all the Payloads! A collection of web attack payloads.
command-injection-payload-list - command injection payload list.
Awesome Shodan Search Queries - great search queries to plug into Shodan.
AwesomeXSS - is a collection of Awesome XSS resources.
php-webshells - common php webshells.
Pentesting Tools Cheat Sheet - a quick reference high level overview for typical penetration testing.
OWASP Cheat Sheet Series - is a collection of high value information on specific application security topics.
OWASP dependency-check - is an open source solution the OWASP Top 10 2013 entry.
OWASP ProActive Controls - OWASP Top 10 Proactive Controls 2018.
PENTESTING-BIBLE - hacking & penetration testing & red team & cyber security resources.
pentest-wiki - is a free online security knowledge library for pentesters/researchers.
DEF CON Media Server - great stuff from DEFCON.
Awesome Malware Analysis - a curated list of awesome malware analysis tools and resources.
SQL Injection Cheat Sheet - detailed technical stuff about the many different variants of the SQL Injection.
Entersoft Knowledge Base - great and detailed reference about vulnerabilities.
HTML5 Security Cheatsheet - a collection of HTML5 related XSS attack vectors.
XSS String Encoder - for generating XSS code to check your input validation filters against XSS.
GTFOBins - list of Unix binaries that can be exploited by an attacker to bypass local security restrictions.
Guifre Ruiz Notes - collection of security, system, network and pentest cheatsheets.
SSRF Tips - a collection of SSRF Tips.
shell-storm repo CTF - great archive of CTFs.
ctf - CTF (Capture The Flag) writeups, code snippets, notes, scripts.
My-CTF-Web-Challenges - collection of CTF Web challenges.
MSTG - The Mobile Security Testing Guide (MSTG) is a comprehensive manual for mobile app security testing.
Internal-Pentest-Playbook - notes on the most common things for an Internal Network Penetration Test.
KeyHacks - shows quick ways in which API keys leaked by a bug bounty program can be checked.
securitum/research - various Proof of Concepts of security research performed by Securitum.
public-pentesting-reports - is a list of public pentest reports released by several consulting security groups.
awesome-bug-bounty - is a comprehensive curated list of available Bug Bounty.
bug-bounty-reference - is a list of bug bounty write-ups.
Awesome-Bugbounty-Writeups - is a curated list of bugbounty writeups.
Bug bounty writeups - list of bug bounty writeups (2012-2020).
hackso.me - a great journey into security.
▪️ Backdoors/exploits
PHP-backdoors - a collection of PHP backdoors. For educational or testing purposes only.
▪️ Wordlists and Weak passwords
Weakpass - for any kind of bruteforce find wordlists or unleash the power of them all at once!
Hashes.org - is a free online hash resolving service incorporating many unparalleled techniques.
SecLists - collection of multiple types of lists used during security assessments, collected in one place.
Probable-Wordlists - sorted by probability originally created for password generation and testing.
skullsecurity passwords - password dictionaries and leaked passwords repository.
Polish PREMIUM Dictionary - official dictionary created by the team on the forum bezpieka.org.* 1
statistically-likely-usernames - wordlists for creating statistically likely username lists.
▪️ Bounty platforms
YesWeHack - bug bounty platform with infosec jobs.
Openbugbounty - allows any security researcher reporting a vulnerability on any website.
hackerone - global hacker community to surface the most relevant security issues.
bugcrowd - crowdsourced cybersecurity for the enterprise.
Crowdshield - crowdsourced security & bug bounty management.
Synack - crowdsourced security & bug bounty programs, crowd security intelligence platform, and more.
Hacktrophy - bug bounty platform.
▪️ Web Training Apps (local installation)
OWASP-VWAD - comprehensive and well maintained registry of all known vulnerable web applications.
DVWA - PHP/MySQL web application that is damn vulnerable.
metasploitable2 - vulnerable web application amongst security researchers.
metasploitable3 - is a VM that is built from the ground up with a large amount of security vulnerabilities.
DSVW - is a deliberately vulnerable web application written in under 100 lines of code.
OWASP Mutillidae II - free, open source, deliberately vulnerable web-application.
OWASP Juice Shop Project - the most bug-free vulnerable application in existence.
OWASP Node js Goat Project - OWASP Top 10 security risks apply to web apps developed using Node.js.
juicy-ctf - run Capture the Flags and Security Trainings with OWASP Juice Shop.
SecurityShepherd - web and mobile application security training platform.
Security Ninjas - open source application security training program.
hackazon - a modern vulnerable web app.
dvna - damn vulnerable NodeJS application.
django-DefectDojo - is an open-source application vulnerability correlation and security orchestration tool.
Google Gruyere - web application exploits and defenses.
Bodhi - is a playground focused on learning the exploitation of client-side web vulnerabilities.
Websploit - single vm lab with the purpose of combining several vulnerable appliations in one environment.
vulhub - pre-built Vulnerable Environments based on docker-compose.
CloudGoat 2 - the new & improved "Vulnerable by Design"
AWS deployment tool.
secDevLabs - is a laboratory for learning secure web development in a practical manner.
CORS-vulnerable-Lab - sample vulnerable code and its exploit code.
RootTheBox - a Game of Hackers (CTF Scoreboard & Game Manager).
KONTRA - application security training (OWASP Top Web & Api).
▪️ Labs (ethical hacking platforms/trainings/CTFs)
Offensive Security - true performance-based penetration testing training for over a decade.
Hack The Box - online platform allowing you to test your penetration testing skills.
Hacking-Lab - online ethical hacking, computer network and security challenge platform.
pwnable.kr - non-commercial wargame site which provides various pwn challenges.
Pwnable.tw - is a wargame site for hackers to test and expand their binary exploiting skills.
picoCTF - is a free computer security game targeted at middle and high school students.
CTFlearn - is an online platform built to help ethical hackers learn and practice their cybersecurity knowledge.
ctftime - CTF archive and a place, where you can get some another CTF-related info.
Silesia Security Lab - high quality security testing services.
Practical Pentest Labs - pentest lab, take your Hacking skills to the next level.
Root Me - the fast, easy, and affordable way to train your hacking skills.
rozwal.to - a great platform to train your pentesting skills.
TryHackMe - learning Cyber Security made easy.
hackxor - is a realistic web application hacking game, designed to help players of all abilities develop their skills.
Hack Yourself First - it's full of nasty app sec holes.
OverTheWire - can help you to learn and practice security concepts in the form of fun-filled games.
Wizard Labs - is an online Penetration Testing Lab.
PentesterLab - provides vulnerable systems that can be used to test and understand vulnerabilities.
RingZer0 - tons of challenges designed to test and improve your hacking skills.
try2hack - several security-oriented challenges for your entertainment.
Ubeeri - preconfigured lab environments.
Pentestit - emulate IT infrastructures of real companies for legal pen testing and improving pentest skills.
Microcorruption - reversal challenges done in the web interface.
Crackmes - download crackmes to help improve your reverse engineering skills.
DomGoat - DOM XSS security learning and practicing platform.
Stereotyped Challenges - upgrade your web hacking techniques today!
Vulnhub - allows anyone to gain practical 'hands-on' experience in digital security.
W3Challs - is a penetration testing training platform, which offers various computer challenges.
RingZer0 CTF - offers you tons of challenges designed to test and improve your hacking skills.
Hack.me - a platform where you can build, host and share vulnerable web apps for educational purposes.
HackThis! - discover how hacks, dumps and defacements are performed and secure your website.
Enigma Group WebApp Training - these challenges cover the exploits listed in the OWASP Top 10 Project.
Reverse Engineering Challenges - challenges, exercises, problems and tasks - by level, by type, and more.
0x00sec - the home of the Hacker - Malware, Reverse Engineering, and Computer Science.
We Chall - there are exist a lots of different challenge types.
Hacker Gateway - is the go-to place for hackers who want to test their skills.
Hacker101 - is a free class for web security.
contained.af - a stupid game for learning about containers, capabilities, and syscalls.
flAWS challenge! - a series of levels you'll learn about common mistakes and gotchas when using AWS.
CyberSec WTF - provides web hacking challenges derived from bounty write-ups.
CTF Challenge - CTF Web App challenges.
gCTF - most of the challenges used in the Google CTF 2017.
Hack This Site - is a free, safe and legal training ground for hackers.
Attack & Defense - is a browser-based cloud labs.
Cryptohack - a fun platform for learning modern cryptography.
Cryptopals - the cryptopals crypto challenges.
▪️ CTF platforms
fbctf - platform to host Capture the Flag competitions.
ctfscoreboard - scoreboard for Capture The Flag competitions.
▪️ Other resources
Bugcrowd University - open source education content for the researcher community.
OSCPRepo - a list of resources and scripts that I have been gathering in preparation for the OSCP.
OWASP Top 10: Real-World Examples - test your web apps with real-world examples (two-part series).
phrack.org - an awesome collection of articles from several respected hackers and other thinkers.
Practical-Ethical-Hacking-Resources - compilation of resources from TCM's Udemy Course.
Your daily knowledge and news [TOC]
▪️ RSS Readers
Feedly - organize, read and share what matters to you.
Inoreader - similar to feedly with a support for filtering what you fetch from rss.
▪️ IRC Channels
#hackerspaces - hackerspace IRC channels.
▪️ Security
The Hacker News - leading news source dedicated to promoting awareness for security experts and hackers.
Latest Hacking News - provides the latest hacking news, exploits and vulnerabilities for ethical hackers.
Security Newsletter - security news as a weekly digest (email notifications).
Google Online Security Blog - the latest news and insights from Google on security and safety on the Internet.
Qualys Blog - expert network security guidance and news.
DARKReading - connecting the Information Security Community.
Darknet - latest hacking tools, hacker news, cybersecurity best practices, ethical hacking & pen-testing.
publiclyDisclosed - public disclosure watcher who keeps you up to date about the recently disclosed bugs.
Reddit - Hacking - a subreddit dedicated to hacking and hackers.
Packet Storm - information security services, news, files, tools, exploits, advisories and whitepapers.
Sekurak - about security, penetration tests, vulnerabilities and many others (PL/EN).
nf.sec - basic aspects and mechanisms of Linux operating system security (PL).
▪️ Other/All-in-one
Changelog - is a community of hackers; news & podcasts for developers and hackers.
Other Cheat Sheets [TOC]
Build your own DNS Servers
Unbound DNS Tutorial - a validating, recursive, and caching DNS server.
Knot Resolver on Fedora - how to get faster and more secure DNS resolution with Knot Resolver on Fedora.
DNS-over-HTTPS - tutorial to setup your own DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH) server.
dns-over-https - a cartoon intro to DNS over HTTPS.
DNS-over-TLS - following to your DoH server, setup your DNS-over-TLS (DoT) server.
DNS Servers - how (and why) i run my own DNS Servers.
Build your own Certificate Authority
OpenSSL Certificate Authority - build your own certificate authority (CA) using the OpenSSL tools.
step-ca Certificate Authority - build your own certificate authority (CA) using open source step-ca.
Build your own System/Virtual Machine
os-tutorial - how to create an OS from scratch.
Write your Own Virtual Machine - how to write your own virtual machine (VM).
x86 Bare Metal Examples - dozens of minimal operating systems to learn x86 system programming.
simple-computer - the scott CPU from "But How Do It Know?" by J. Clark Scott.
littleosbook - the little book about OS development.