diff --git a/conftest.py b/conftest.py
index 5a535c168..ad11cedcc 100644
--- a/conftest.py
+++ b/conftest.py
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ if not H2_ENABLED:
     collect_ignore.extend(
         (
             "scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http2.py",
-            *_py_files("scrapy/core/http2"),
+            *_py_files("scrapy/core/_http2"),
         )
     )
 
@@ -107,6 +107,14 @@ def pytest_configure(config):
         install_reactor_import_hook()
 
 
+def pytest_collection_modifyitems(items):
+    for item in items:
+        if item.get_closest_marker("requires_internet"):
+            # Requests to real websites fail every now and then in CI for
+            # reasons unrelated to the code under test.
+            item.add_marker(pytest.mark.flaky(reruns=2, reruns_delay=5))
+
+
 def pytest_runtest_setup(item):
     # Skip tests based on reactor markers
     reactor = item.config.getoption("--reactor")
diff --git a/docs/topics/download-handlers.rst b/docs/topics/download-handlers.rst
index 433a6d139..d95e7b52b 100644
--- a/docs/topics/download-handlers.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/download-handlers.rst
@@ -187,12 +187,6 @@ If you want to use this handler you need to replace the default one for the
 Features and limitations
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-.. warning::
-
-    This handler is experimental, and not yet recommended for production
-    environments. Future Scrapy versions may introduce related changes without
-    a deprecation period or warning.
-
 =========================== ================================================
 HTTP proxies                No (not implemented)
 SOCKS proxies               No (not supported by the library)
diff --git a/docs/topics/settings.rst b/docs/topics/settings.rst
index cb803abb6..42314f9a9 100644
--- a/docs/topics/settings.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/settings.rst
@@ -1582,6 +1582,20 @@ Default: ``{}``
 A dict containing the pipelines enabled by default in Scrapy. You should never
 modify this setting in your project, modify :setting:`ITEM_PIPELINES` instead.
 
+.. setting:: ITEM_PROCESSOR
+
+ITEM_PROCESSOR
+--------------
+
+Default: ``"scrapy.pipelines.ItemPipelineManager"``
+
+The :ref:`component <topics-components>` that builds the :ref:`item pipeline
+<topics-item-pipeline>` from :setting:`ITEM_PIPELINES` and runs scraped items
+through it. It must implement :class:`~scrapy.pipelines.ItemProcessorProtocol`.
+
+.. autoclass:: scrapy.pipelines.ItemProcessorProtocol
+    :members:
+
 
 .. setting:: JOBDIR
 
diff --git a/scrapy/core/http2/__init__.py b/scrapy/core/_http2/__init__.py
similarity index 100%
rename from scrapy/core/http2/__init__.py
rename to scrapy/core/_http2/__init__.py
diff --git a/scrapy/core/http2/agent.py b/scrapy/core/_http2/agent.py
similarity index 99%
rename from scrapy/core/http2/agent.py
rename to scrapy/core/_http2/agent.py
index 8850a512d..ce601c52b 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/http2/agent.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/_http2/agent.py
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ from twisted.python.failure import Failure
 from twisted.web.client import URI, BrowserLikePolicyForHTTPS, _StandardEndpointFactory
 from twisted.web.error import SchemeNotSupported
 
+from scrapy.core._http2.protocol import H2ClientFactory, H2ClientProtocol
 from scrapy.core.downloader.contextfactory import _AcceptableProtocolsContextFactory
-from scrapy.core.http2.protocol import H2ClientFactory, H2ClientProtocol
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from twisted.internet.base import ReactorBase
diff --git a/scrapy/core/http2/protocol.py b/scrapy/core/_http2/protocol.py
similarity index 99%
rename from scrapy/core/http2/protocol.py
rename to scrapy/core/_http2/protocol.py
index a4bc7bf8d..db89d066f 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/http2/protocol.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/_http2/protocol.py
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ from twisted.internet.ssl import Certificate
 from twisted.protocols.policies import TimeoutMixin
 from zope.interface import implementer
 
-from scrapy.core.http2.stream import Stream, StreamCloseReason
+from scrapy.core._http2.stream import Stream, StreamCloseReason
 from scrapy.exceptions import DownloadTimeoutError
 from scrapy.http import Request, Response
 from scrapy.utils.deprecate import warn_on_deprecated_spider_attribute
diff --git a/scrapy/core/http2/stream.py b/scrapy/core/_http2/stream.py
similarity index 99%
rename from scrapy/core/http2/stream.py
rename to scrapy/core/_http2/stream.py
index 4fc300d90..4a07d198b 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/http2/stream.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/_http2/stream.py
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ from scrapy.utils.httpobj import urlparse_cached
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from collections.abc import Sequence
 
-    from scrapy.core.http2.protocol import H2ClientProtocol
+    from scrapy.core._http2.protocol import H2ClientProtocol
     from scrapy.crawler import Crawler
     from scrapy.http import Request, Response
 
diff --git a/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http2.py b/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http2.py
index 66e62c55a..e159d2dac 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http2.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http2.py
@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ from time import monotonic
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from urllib.parse import urldefrag
 
+from scrapy.core._http2.agent import H2Agent, H2ConnectionPool
 from scrapy.core.downloader.contextfactory import _load_context_factory_from_settings
 from scrapy.core.downloader.handlers._base_http import BaseHttpDownloadHandler
-from scrapy.core.http2.agent import H2Agent, H2ConnectionPool
 from scrapy.exceptions import (
     DownloadTimeoutError,
     NotConfigured,
diff --git a/scrapy/extensions/periodic_log.py b/scrapy/extensions/periodic_log.py
index adffbcbc4..1b66eae4a 100644
--- a/scrapy/extensions/periodic_log.py
+++ b/scrapy/extensions/periodic_log.py
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
+import warnings
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
 from scrapy import Spider, signals
-from scrapy.exceptions import NotConfigured
+from scrapy.exceptions import NotConfigured, ScrapyDeprecationWarning
 from scrapy.utils.asyncio import AsyncioLoopingCall, create_looping_call
 from scrapy.utils.serialize import ScrapyJSONEncoder
 
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ class PeriodicLog:
     ):
         self.stats: StatsCollector = stats
         self.interval: float = interval
+        self._multiplier: float = 60.0 / interval
         self.task: AsyncioLoopingCall | LoopingCall | None = None
         self.encoder: JSONEncoder = ScrapyJSONEncoder(sort_keys=True, indent=4)
         self.ext_stats_enabled: bool = bool(ext_stats)
@@ -56,6 +58,24 @@ class PeriodicLog:
         )
         self.ext_timing_enabled: bool = ext_timing_enabled
 
+    @property
+    def multiplier(self) -> float:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "The PeriodicLog.multiplier attribute is deprecated.",
+            ScrapyDeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return self._multiplier
+
+    @multiplier.setter
+    def multiplier(self, value: float) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "The PeriodicLog.multiplier attribute is deprecated.",
+            ScrapyDeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        self._multiplier = value
+
     @classmethod
     def from_crawler(cls, crawler: Crawler) -> Self:
         interval: float = crawler.settings.getfloat("LOGSTATS_INTERVAL")
diff --git a/scrapy/pipelines/__init__.py b/scrapy/pipelines/__init__.py
index 383c461e6..e6483d939 100644
--- a/scrapy/pipelines/__init__.py
+++ b/scrapy/pipelines/__init__.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import asyncio
 import warnings
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, cast
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Protocol, cast
 
 from twisted.internet.defer import Deferred, DeferredList, FirstError
 
@@ -28,6 +28,23 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from scrapy.settings import Settings
 
 
+class ItemProcessorProtocol(Protocol):
+    """Protocol for item processor implementations.
+
+    See :setting:`ITEM_PROCESSOR`.
+    """
+
+    async def open_spider_async(self) -> None:
+        """Get the item processor ready to process items."""
+
+    async def process_item_async(self, item: Any) -> Any:
+        """Return the processed *item*, or raise
+        :exc:`~scrapy.exceptions.DropItem` to drop it."""
+
+    async def close_spider_async(self) -> None:
+        """Release any resource that the item processor is using."""
+
+
 class ItemPipelineManager(MiddlewareManager):
     component_name = "item pipeline"
 
diff --git a/scrapy/pipelines/files.py b/scrapy/pipelines/files.py
index e666f4ddd..9d67e98bf 100644
--- a/scrapy/pipelines/files.py
+++ b/scrapy/pipelines/files.py
@@ -27,9 +27,7 @@ from twisted.internet.defer import Deferred, maybeDeferred
 from scrapy.exceptions import IgnoreRequest, NotConfigured, ScrapyDeprecationWarning
 from scrapy.http import Request, Response
 from scrapy.http.request import NO_CALLBACK
-from scrapy.pipelines.media import (
-    FileException as FileException,  # noqa: PLC0414  # re-exported for backward compatibility
-)
+from scrapy.pipelines.media import FileException as _FileException
 from scrapy.pipelines.media import (
     FileInfo,
     FileInfoOrError,
@@ -626,7 +624,7 @@ class FilesPipeline(MediaPipeline):
             f"{request} referred in <{referer}>: {failure.value}",
             extra={"spider": info.spider},
         )
-        raise FileException
+        raise _FileException
 
     async def media_downloaded(
         self,
@@ -645,7 +643,7 @@ class FilesPipeline(MediaPipeline):
                 {"status": response.status, "request": request, "referer": referer},
                 extra={"spider": info.spider},
             )
-            raise FileException("download-error")
+            raise _FileException("download-error")
 
         if not response.body:
             logger.warning(
@@ -654,7 +652,7 @@ class FilesPipeline(MediaPipeline):
                 {"request": request, "referer": referer},
                 extra={"spider": info.spider},
             )
-            raise FileException("empty-content")
+            raise _FileException("empty-content")
 
         status = "cached" if "cached" in response.flags else "downloaded"
         logger.debug(
@@ -670,7 +668,7 @@ class FilesPipeline(MediaPipeline):
             checksum: str = await ensure_awaitable(
                 self.file_downloaded(response, request, info, item=item)
             )
-        except FileException as exc:
+        except _FileException as exc:
             logger.warning(
                 "File (error): Error processing file from %(request)s "
                 "referred in <%(referer)s>: %(errormsg)s",
@@ -687,7 +685,7 @@ class FilesPipeline(MediaPipeline):
                 exc_info=True,
                 extra={"spider": info.spider},
             )
-            raise FileException(str(exc)) from exc
+            raise _FileException(str(exc)) from exc
 
         return {
             "url": request.url,
@@ -770,3 +768,15 @@ class FilesPipeline(MediaPipeline):
             if media_type:
                 media_ext = cast("str", mimetypes.guess_extension(media_type))
         return f"full/{media_guid}{media_ext}"
+
+
+def __getattr__(name: str) -> Any:
+    if name == "FileException":
+        warnings.warn(
+            "scrapy.pipelines.files.FileException is deprecated, use "
+            "scrapy.pipelines.media.FileException instead.",
+            ScrapyDeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return _FileException
+    raise AttributeError(f"module {__name__!r} has no attribute {name!r}")
diff --git a/scrapy/pipelines/images.py b/scrapy/pipelines/images.py
index 5e7a4b409..7186fc8de 100644
--- a/scrapy/pipelines/images.py
+++ b/scrapy/pipelines/images.py
@@ -18,13 +18,8 @@ from itemadapter import ItemAdapter
 from scrapy.exceptions import NotConfigured, ScrapyDeprecationWarning
 from scrapy.http import Request, Response
 from scrapy.http.request import NO_CALLBACK
-from scrapy.pipelines.files import (
-    FileException,
-    FilesPipeline,
-    GCSFilesStore,
-    S3FilesStore,
-    _md5sum,
-)
+from scrapy.pipelines.files import FilesPipeline, GCSFilesStore, S3FilesStore, _md5sum
+from scrapy.pipelines.media import FileException
 from scrapy.utils.defer import ensure_awaitable
 from scrapy.utils.python import to_bytes
 
diff --git a/tests/test_downloader_handler_twisted_http2.py b/tests/test_downloader_handler_twisted_http2.py
index 26d051e79..258ede04e 100644
--- a/tests/test_downloader_handler_twisted_http2.py
+++ b/tests/test_downloader_handler_twisted_http2.py
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ class TestHttp2(H2DownloadHandlerMixin, TestHttpsBase):
                 response = await download_handler.download_request(request)
         assert response.text == actual_content_length
         assert (
-            "scrapy.core.http2.stream",
+            "scrapy.core._http2.stream",
             logging.WARNING,
             f"Ignoring bad Content-Length header "
             f"{bad_content_length!r} of request {request}, sending "
diff --git a/tests/test_extension_periodic_log.py b/tests/test_extension_periodic_log.py
index 340f8e28e..fd7e3958d 100644
--- a/tests/test_extension_periodic_log.py
+++ b/tests/test_extension_periodic_log.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
 import pytest
 
-from scrapy.exceptions import NotConfigured
+from scrapy.exceptions import NotConfigured, ScrapyDeprecationWarning
 from scrapy.extensions.periodic_log import PeriodicLog
 from scrapy.utils.misc import build_from_crawler
 from scrapy.utils.test import get_crawler
@@ -249,3 +249,17 @@ class TestPeriodicLog:
         assert data["time"]["log_interval_real"] >= 0
         assert data["time"]["elapsed"] >= 0
         assert data["time"]["start_time"] <= data["time"]["utcnow"]
+
+    def test_multiplier_deprecated(self) -> None:
+        crawler = get_crawler(
+            MetaSpider,
+            {"PERIODIC_LOG_TIMING_ENABLED": True, "LOGSTATS_INTERVAL": 30},
+        )
+        crawler._apply_settings()
+        ext = build_from_crawler(PeriodicLog, crawler)
+        with pytest.warns(ScrapyDeprecationWarning):
+            assert ext.multiplier == 2.0
+        with pytest.warns(ScrapyDeprecationWarning):
+            ext.multiplier = 3.0
+        with pytest.warns(ScrapyDeprecationWarning):
+            assert ext.multiplier == 3.0
diff --git a/tests/test_http2_client_protocol.py b/tests/test_http2_client_protocol.py
index 0b675fdb6..aa52b873e 100644
--- a/tests/test_http2_client_protocol.py
+++ b/tests/test_http2_client_protocol.py
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ from tests.mockserver.utils import ssl_context_factory
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator, Callable, Coroutine, Generator
 
-    from scrapy.core.http2.protocol import H2ClientProtocol
+    from scrapy.core._http2.protocol import H2ClientProtocol
 
 
 pytestmark = [
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ class TestHttps2ClientProtocol:
     ) -> AsyncGenerator[H2ClientProtocol]:
         from twisted.internet import reactor
 
-        from scrapy.core.http2.protocol import H2ClientFactory  # noqa: PLC0415
+        from scrapy.core._http2.protocol import H2ClientFactory  # noqa: PLC0415
 
         client_options = optionsForClientTLS(
             hostname=self.host,
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ class TestHttps2ClientProtocol:
     def test_invalid_negotiated_protocol(
         self, server_port: int, client: H2ClientProtocol
     ) -> Generator[Deferred[Any], Any, None]:
-        with mock.patch("scrapy.core.http2.protocol.PROTOCOL_NAME", new=b"not-h2"):
+        with mock.patch("scrapy.core._http2.protocol.PROTOCOL_NAME", new=b"not-h2"):
             request = Request(url=self.get_url(server_port, "/status?n=200"))
             with pytest.raises(ResponseFailed):
                 yield make_request_dfd(client, request)
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ class TestHttps2ClientProtocol:
         expected_body: bytes,
         caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture,
     ) -> None:
-        with caplog.at_level("WARNING", "scrapy.core.http2.stream"):
+        with caplog.at_level("WARNING", "scrapy.core._http2.stream"):
             response = await make_request(client, request)
         assert response.status == 200
         assert response.body == expected_body
@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@ class TestHttps2ClientProtocol:
         def assert_inactive_stream(failure):
             assert failure.check(ResponseFailed) is not None
 
-            from scrapy.core.http2.stream import InactiveStreamClosed  # noqa: PLC0415
+            from scrapy.core._http2.stream import InactiveStreamClosed  # noqa: PLC0415
 
             assert any(
                 isinstance(e, InactiveStreamClosed) for e in failure.value.reasons
@@ -692,7 +692,7 @@ class TestHttps2ClientProtocol:
 
     @staticmethod
     async def _check_invalid_netloc(client: H2ClientProtocol, url: str) -> None:
-        from scrapy.core.http2.stream import InvalidHostname  # noqa: PLC0415
+        from scrapy.core._http2.stream import InvalidHostname  # noqa: PLC0415
 
         request = Request(url)
         with pytest.raises(InvalidHostname) as exc_info:
diff --git a/tests/test_pipeline_files.py b/tests/test_pipeline_files.py
index 53f998762..928f4e2c2 100644
--- a/tests/test_pipeline_files.py
+++ b/tests/test_pipeline_files.py
@@ -24,18 +24,18 @@ from twisted.internet.defer import Deferred
 from twisted.python.failure import Failure
 
 from scrapy.crawler import Crawler
-from scrapy.exceptions import IgnoreRequest, NotConfigured
+from scrapy.exceptions import IgnoreRequest, NotConfigured, ScrapyDeprecationWarning
 from scrapy.http import Request, Response
 from scrapy.item import Field, Item
+from scrapy.pipelines import files
 from scrapy.pipelines.files import (
-    FileException,
     FilesPipeline,
     FSFilesStore,
     FTPFilesStore,
     GCSFilesStore,
     S3FilesStore,
 )
-from scrapy.pipelines.media import _MediaRequestFiltered
+from scrapy.pipelines.media import FileException, _MediaRequestFiltered
 from scrapy.settings import Settings
 from scrapy.utils.asyncio import call_later
 from scrapy.utils.defer import maybe_deferred_to_future
@@ -1249,3 +1249,11 @@ def test_files_pipeline_raises_notconfigured_when_files_store_invalid(store):
 
     with pytest.raises(NotConfigured):
         build_from_crawler(FilesPipeline, crawler)
+
+
+def test_file_exception_deprecated_import():
+    with pytest.warns(ScrapyDeprecationWarning, match="FileException"):
+        assert files.FileException is FileException
+
+    with pytest.raises(AttributeError):
+        files.nonexistent
diff --git a/tests/test_pipeline_media.py b/tests/test_pipeline_media.py
index 305837f57..231f6748f 100644
--- a/tests/test_pipeline_media.py
+++ b/tests/test_pipeline_media.py
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ from twisted.python.failure import Failure
 from scrapy import signals
 from scrapy.exceptions import ScrapyDeprecationWarning
 from scrapy.http import Request, Response
-from scrapy.pipelines.files import FileException
 from scrapy.pipelines.media import (
+    FileException,
     FileInfo,
     FileInfoOrError,
     MediaPipeline,
diff --git a/tests/utils/bases/download_handlers_http.py b/tests/utils/bases/download_handlers_http.py
index 8cd0458cf..a01f74658 100644
--- a/tests/utils/bases/download_handlers_http.py
+++ b/tests/utils/bases/download_handlers_http.py
@@ -1577,6 +1577,12 @@ class TestMitmProxyBase(ABC):
         assert "Proxy Authentication Required" in log or "407" in log
 
 
+# Tests below are rerun on failure (see pytest_collection_modifyitems() in the
+# root conftest.py), so an attempt must give up soon enough for a rerun to be
+# cheap.
+REAL_WEBSITE_SETTINGS = {"DOWNLOAD_TIMEOUT": 30}
+
+
 class TestRealWebsiteBase(ABC):
     @property
     @abstractmethod
@@ -1601,7 +1607,9 @@ class TestRealWebsiteBase(ABC):
     async def get_dh(
         self, settings_dict: dict[str, Any] | None = None
     ) -> AsyncGenerator[DownloadHandlerProtocol]:
-        crawler = get_crawler(DefaultSpider, settings_dict)
+        crawler = get_crawler(
+            DefaultSpider, {**REAL_WEBSITE_SETTINGS, **(settings_dict or {})}
+        )
         crawler.spider = crawler._create_spider()
         dh = build_from_crawler(self.download_handler_cls, crawler)
         try:
@@ -1619,7 +1627,9 @@ class TestRealWebsiteBase(ABC):
 
     @coroutine_test
     async def test_download_with_spider(self) -> None:
-        crawler = get_crawler(SingleRequestSpider, self.settings_dict)
+        crawler = get_crawler(
+            SingleRequestSpider, {**REAL_WEBSITE_SETTINGS, **(self.settings_dict or {})}
+        )
         await maybe_deferred_to_future(
             crawler.crawl(seed=Request("https://books.toscrape.com/"))
         )
diff --git a/tox.ini b/tox.ini
index 03fee6dd3..34af7bac3 100644
--- a/tox.ini
+++ b/tox.ini
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ deps =
     pygments
     pytest
     pytest-cov >= 7.0.0
+    pytest-rerunfailures
     pytest-timeout
     pytest-xdist
     sybil >= 1.3.0  # https://github.com/cjw296/sybil/issues/20#issuecomment-605433422
@@ -124,7 +125,7 @@ commands =
 [testenv:twinecheck]
 basepython = python3
 deps =
-    twine==6.2.0
+    twine==7.0.0
     build==1.5.0
 commands =
     python -m build --sdist