diff --git a/.bandit.yml b/.bandit.yml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..243379b0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.bandit.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+skips:
+- B101
+- B105
+- B301
+- B303
+- B306
+- B307
+- B311
+- B320
+- B321
+- B402 # https://github.com/scrapy/scrapy/issues/4180
+- B403
+- B404
+- B406
+- B410
+- B503
+- B603
+- B605
diff --git a/.travis.yml b/.travis.yml
index 9840e3c20..b7aa0612a 100644
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ b/.travis.yml
@@ -7,15 +7,16 @@ branches:
- /^\d\.\d+\.\d+(rc\d+|\.dev\d+)?$/
matrix:
include:
+ - env: TOXENV=security
+ python: 3.8
- env: TOXENV=flake8
python: 3.8
- env: TOXENV=pylint
python: 3.8
- env: TOXENV=pypy3
- python: 3.5
- env: TOXENV=py35
python: 3.5
- - env: TOXENV=py35-pinned
+ - env: TOXENV=pinned
python: 3.5
- env: TOXENV=py36
python: 3.6
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ matrix:
python: 3.7
- env: TOXENV=py38
python: 3.8
- - env: TOXENV=py38-extra-deps
+ - env: TOXENV=extra-deps
python: 3.8
- env: TOXENV=docs
python: 3.6
diff --git a/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md b/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
index d477168eb..d1cd3e517 100644
--- a/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
+++ b/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ members of the project's leadership.
## Attribution
This Code of Conduct is adapted from the [Contributor Covenant][homepage], version 1.4,
-available at [http://contributor-covenant.org/version/1/4][version]
+available at [http://contributor-covenant.org/version/1/4][version].
[homepage]: http://contributor-covenant.org
[version]: http://contributor-covenant.org/version/1/4/
diff --git a/README.rst b/README.rst
index fb4ca8e4f..7fefaeec9 100644
--- a/README.rst
+++ b/README.rst
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ Scrapy is a fast high-level web crawling and web scraping framework, used to
crawl websites and extract structured data from their pages. It can be used for
a wide range of purposes, from data mining to monitoring and automated testing.
-For more information including a list of features check the Scrapy homepage at:
-https://scrapy.org
+Check the Scrapy homepage at https://scrapy.org for more information,
+including a list of features.
Requirements
============
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ The quick way::
pip install scrapy
-For more details see the install section in the documentation:
-https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/intro/install.html
+See the install section in the documentation at
+https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/intro/install.html for more details.
Documentation
=============
@@ -62,17 +62,17 @@ directory.
Releases
========
-You can find release notes at https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/news.html
+You can check https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/news.html for the release notes.
Community (blog, twitter, mail list, IRC)
=========================================
-See https://scrapy.org/community/
+See https://scrapy.org/community/ for details.
Contributing
============
-See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/master/contributing.html
+See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/master/contributing.html for details.
Code of Conduct
---------------
@@ -86,9 +86,9 @@ Please report unacceptable behavior to opensource@scrapinghub.com.
Companies using Scrapy
======================
-See https://scrapy.org/companies/
+See https://scrapy.org/companies/ for a list.
Commercial Support
==================
-See https://scrapy.org/support/
+See https://scrapy.org/support/ for details.
diff --git a/conftest.py b/conftest.py
index d5d61ddd3..d37c22436 100644
--- a/conftest.py
+++ b/conftest.py
@@ -1,18 +1,23 @@
-import six
+from pathlib import Path
+
import pytest
+def _py_files(folder):
+ return (str(p) for p in Path(folder).rglob('*.py'))
+
+
collect_ignore = [
# not a test, but looks like a test
"scrapy/utils/testsite.py",
+ # contains scripts to be run by tests/test_crawler.py::CrawlerProcessSubprocess
+ *_py_files("tests/CrawlerProcess")
]
-
-if six.PY3:
- for line in open('tests/py3-ignores.txt'):
- file_path = line.strip()
- if file_path and file_path[0] != '#':
- collect_ignore.append(file_path)
+for line in open('tests/ignores.txt'):
+ file_path = line.strip()
+ if file_path and file_path[0] != '#':
+ collect_ignore.append(file_path)
@pytest.fixture()
diff --git a/docs/_tests/quotes1.html b/docs/_tests/quotes1.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..71aff8847
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/_tests/quotes1.html
@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+
+
+
+ “The world as we have created it is a process of our thinking. It cannot be changed without changing our thinking.”
+ by Albert Einstein
+ (about)
+
+
+ “There are only two ways to live your life. One is as though nothing is a miracle. The other is as though everything is a miracle.”
+ by Albert Einstein
+ (about)
+
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/conf.py b/docs/conf.py
index 34dd5bcb7..ed56c5cd1 100644
--- a/docs/conf.py
+++ b/docs/conf.py
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
# serve to show the default.
import sys
+from datetime import datetime
from os import path
# If your extensions are in another directory, add it here. If the directory
@@ -27,10 +28,13 @@ sys.path.insert(0, path.dirname(path.dirname(__file__)))
# Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be extensions
# coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom ones.
extensions = [
+ 'hoverxref.extension',
+ 'notfound.extension',
'scrapydocs',
'sphinx.ext.autodoc',
'sphinx.ext.coverage',
'sphinx.ext.intersphinx',
+ 'sphinx.ext.viewcode',
]
# Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
@@ -46,8 +50,8 @@ source_suffix = '.rst'
master_doc = 'index'
# General information about the project.
-project = u'Scrapy'
-copyright = u'2008–2018, Scrapy developers'
+project = 'Scrapy'
+copyright = '2008–{}, Scrapy developers'.format(datetime.now().year)
# The version info for the project you're documenting, acts as replacement for
# |version| and |release|, also used in various other places throughout the
@@ -191,8 +195,8 @@ htmlhelp_basename = 'Scrapydoc'
# Grouping the document tree into LaTeX files. List of tuples
# (source start file, target name, title, author, document class [howto/manual]).
latex_documents = [
- ('index', 'Scrapy.tex', u'Scrapy Documentation',
- u'Scrapy developers', 'manual'),
+ ('index', 'Scrapy.tex', 'Scrapy Documentation',
+ 'Scrapy developers', 'manual'),
]
# The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top of
@@ -237,7 +241,7 @@ coverage_ignore_pyobjects = [
r'\bContractsManager\b$',
# For default contracts we only want to document their general purpose in
- # their constructor, the methods they reimplement to achieve that purpose
+ # their __init__ method, the methods they reimplement to achieve that purpose
# should be irrelevant to developers using those contracts.
r'\w+Contract\.(adjust_request_args|(pre|post)_process)$',
@@ -272,5 +276,16 @@ coverage_ignore_pyobjects = [
# -------------------------------------
intersphinx_mapping = {
+ 'coverage': ('https://coverage.readthedocs.io/en/stable', None),
+ 'pytest': ('https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest', None),
'python': ('https://docs.python.org/3', None),
+ 'sphinx': ('https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master', None),
+ 'tox': ('https://tox.readthedocs.io/en/latest', None),
+ 'twisted': ('https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current', None),
}
+
+
+# Options for sphinx-hoverxref options
+# ------------------------------------
+
+hoverxref_auto_ref = True
diff --git a/docs/conftest.py b/docs/conftest.py
index 91c1d4428..8c735e838 100644
--- a/docs/conftest.py
+++ b/docs/conftest.py
@@ -1,16 +1,29 @@
-from doctest import ELLIPSIS
+import os
+from doctest import ELLIPSIS, NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
+from scrapy.http.response.html import HtmlResponse
from sybil import Sybil
from sybil.parsers.codeblock import CodeBlockParser
from sybil.parsers.doctest import DocTestParser
from sybil.parsers.skip import skip
+def load_response(url, filename):
+ input_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '_tests', filename)
+ with open(input_path, 'rb') as input_file:
+ return HtmlResponse(url, body=input_file.read())
+
+
+def setup(namespace):
+ namespace['load_response'] = load_response
+
+
pytest_collect_file = Sybil(
parsers=[
- DocTestParser(optionflags=ELLIPSIS),
+ DocTestParser(optionflags=ELLIPSIS | NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE),
CodeBlockParser(future_imports=['print_function']),
skip,
],
pattern='*.rst',
+ setup=setup,
).pytest()
diff --git a/docs/contributing.rst b/docs/contributing.rst
index 28dea74de..3aebb3d50 100644
--- a/docs/contributing.rst
+++ b/docs/contributing.rst
@@ -177,79 +177,71 @@ Documentation policies
======================
For reference documentation of API members (classes, methods, etc.) use
-docstrings and make sure that the Sphinx documentation uses the autodoc_
-extension to pull the docstrings. API reference documentation should follow
-docstring conventions (`PEP 257`_) and be IDE-friendly: short, to the point,
-and it may provide short examples.
+docstrings and make sure that the Sphinx documentation uses the
+:mod:`~sphinx.ext.autodoc` extension to pull the docstrings. API reference
+documentation should follow docstring conventions (`PEP 257`_) and be
+IDE-friendly: short, to the point, and it may provide short examples.
Other types of documentation, such as tutorials or topics, should be covered in
files within the ``docs/`` directory. This includes documentation that is
specific to an API member, but goes beyond API reference documentation.
-In any case, if something is covered in a docstring, use the autodoc_
-extension to pull the docstring into the documentation instead of duplicating
-the docstring in files within the ``docs/`` directory.
-
-.. _autodoc: http://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/stable/ext/autodoc.html
+In any case, if something is covered in a docstring, use the
+:mod:`~sphinx.ext.autodoc` extension to pull the docstring into the
+documentation instead of duplicating the docstring in files within the
+``docs/`` directory.
Tests
=====
-Tests are implemented using the `Twisted unit-testing framework`_, running
-tests requires `tox`_.
+Tests are implemented using the :doc:`Twisted unit-testing framework
+`. Running tests requires
+:doc:`tox `.
.. _running-tests:
Running tests
-------------
-Make sure you have a recent enough `tox`_ installation:
+To run all tests::
- ``tox --version``
-
-If your version is older than 1.7.0, please update it first:
-
- ``pip install -U tox``
-
-To run all tests go to the root directory of Scrapy source code and run:
-
- ``tox``
+ tox
To run a specific test (say ``tests/test_loader.py``) use:
``tox -- tests/test_loader.py``
-To run the tests on a specific tox_ environment, use ``-e `` with an
-environment name from ``tox.ini``. For example, to run the tests with Python
-3.6 use::
+To run the tests on a specific :doc:`tox ` environment, use
+``-e `` with an environment name from ``tox.ini``. For example, to run
+the tests with Python 3.6 use::
tox -e py36
-You can also specify a comma-separated list of environmets, and use `tox’s
-parallel mode`_ to run the tests on multiple environments in parallel::
+You can also specify a comma-separated list of environmets, and use :ref:`tox’s
+parallel mode ` to run the tests on multiple environments in
+parallel::
- tox -e py27,py36 -p auto
+ tox -e py36,py38 -p auto
-To pass command-line options to pytest_, add them after ``--`` in your call to
-tox_. Using ``--`` overrides the default positional arguments defined in
-``tox.ini``, so you must include those default positional arguments
-(``scrapy tests``) after ``--`` as well::
+To pass command-line options to :doc:`pytest `, add them after
+``--`` in your call to :doc:`tox `. Using ``--`` overrides the
+default positional arguments defined in ``tox.ini``, so you must include those
+default positional arguments (``scrapy tests``) after ``--`` as well::
tox -- scrapy tests -x # stop after first failure
You can also use the `pytest-xdist`_ plugin. For example, to run all tests on
-the Python 3.6 tox_ environment using all your CPU cores::
+the Python 3.6 :doc:`tox ` environment using all your CPU cores::
tox -e py36 -- scrapy tests -n auto
-To see coverage report install `coverage`_ (``pip install coverage``) and run:
+To see coverage report install :doc:`coverage `
+(``pip install coverage``) and run:
``coverage report``
see output of ``coverage --help`` for more options like html or xml report.
-.. _coverage: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/coverage
-
Writing tests
-------------
@@ -270,13 +262,9 @@ And their unit-tests are in::
.. _issue tracker: https://github.com/scrapy/scrapy/issues
.. _scrapy-users: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/scrapy-users
.. _Scrapy subreddit: https://reddit.com/r/scrapy
-.. _Twisted unit-testing framework: https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/development/policy/test-standard.html
.. _AUTHORS: https://github.com/scrapy/scrapy/blob/master/AUTHORS
.. _tests/: https://github.com/scrapy/scrapy/tree/master/tests
.. _open issues: https://github.com/scrapy/scrapy/issues
.. _PEP 257: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0257/
.. _pull request: https://help.github.com/en/articles/creating-a-pull-request
-.. _pytest: https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/usage.html
-.. _pytest-xdist: https://docs.pytest.org/en/3.0.0/xdist.html
-.. _tox: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/tox
-.. _tox’s parallel mode: https://tox.readthedocs.io/en/latest/example/basic.html#parallel-mode
+.. _pytest-xdist: https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest-xdist
diff --git a/docs/intro/overview.rst b/docs/intro/overview.rst
index 8b2fef065..01986b594 100644
--- a/docs/intro/overview.rst
+++ b/docs/intro/overview.rst
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ http://quotes.toscrape.com, following the pagination::
def parse(self, response):
for quote in response.css('div.quote'):
yield {
- 'text': quote.css('span.text::text').get(),
'author': quote.xpath('span/small/text()').get(),
+ 'text': quote.css('span.text::text').get(),
}
next_page = response.css('li.next a::attr("href")').get()
diff --git a/docs/intro/tutorial.rst b/docs/intro/tutorial.rst
index 0629b9e19..6b15a5fbd 100644
--- a/docs/intro/tutorial.rst
+++ b/docs/intro/tutorial.rst
@@ -235,13 +235,16 @@ You will see something like::
[s] shelp() Shell help (print this help)
[s] fetch(req_or_url) Fetch request (or URL) and update local objects
[s] view(response) View response in a browser
- >>>
Using the shell, you can try selecting elements using `CSS`_ with the response
-object::
+object:
- >>> response.css('title')
- []
+.. invisible-code-block: python
+
+ response = load_response('http://quotes.toscrape.com/page/1/', 'quotes1.html')
+
+>>> response.css('title')
+[]
The result of running ``response.css('title')`` is a list-like object called
:class:`~scrapy.selector.SelectorList`, which represents a list of
@@ -372,6 +375,9 @@ we want::
We get a list of selectors for the quote HTML elements with::
>>> response.css("div.quote")
+ [,
+ ,
+ ...]
Each of the selectors returned by the query above allows us to run further
queries over their sub-elements. Let's assign the first selector to a
@@ -396,6 +402,12 @@ to get all of them::
>>> tags
['change', 'deep-thoughts', 'thinking', 'world']
+.. invisible-code-block: python
+
+ from sys import version_info
+
+.. skip: next if(version_info < (3, 6), reason="Only Python 3.6+ dictionaries match the output")
+
Having figured out how to extract each bit, we can now iterate over all the
quotes elements and put them together into a Python dictionary::
@@ -404,10 +416,9 @@ quotes elements and put them together into a Python dictionary::
... author = quote.css("small.author::text").get()
... tags = quote.css("div.tags a.tag::text").getall()
... print(dict(text=text, author=author, tags=tags))
- {'tags': ['change', 'deep-thoughts', 'thinking', 'world'], 'author': 'Albert Einstein', 'text': '“The world as we have created it is a process of our thinking. It cannot be changed without changing our thinking.”'}
- {'tags': ['abilities', 'choices'], 'author': 'J.K. Rowling', 'text': '“It is our choices, Harry, that show what we truly are, far more than our abilities.”'}
- ... a few more of these, omitted for brevity
- >>>
+ {'text': '“The world as we have created it is a process of our thinking. It cannot be changed without changing our thinking.”', 'author': 'Albert Einstein', 'tags': ['change', 'deep-thoughts', 'thinking', 'world']}
+ {'text': '“It is our choices, Harry, that show what we truly are, far more than our abilities.”', 'author': 'J.K. Rowling', 'tags': ['abilities', 'choices']}
+ ...
Extracting data in our spider
-----------------------------
@@ -521,7 +532,7 @@ There is also an ``attrib`` property available
(see :ref:`selecting-attributes` for more)::
>>> response.css('li.next a').attrib['href']
- '/page/2'
+ '/page/2/'
Let's see now our spider modified to recursively follow the link to the next
page, extracting data from it::
diff --git a/docs/news.rst b/docs/news.rst
index 669844045..9dfd28508 100644
--- a/docs/news.rst
+++ b/docs/news.rst
@@ -308,12 +308,12 @@ New features
convenient way to build JSON requests (:issue:`3504`, :issue:`3505`)
* A ``process_request`` callback passed to the :class:`~scrapy.spiders.Rule`
- constructor now receives the :class:`~scrapy.http.Response` object that
+ ``__init__`` method now receives the :class:`~scrapy.http.Response` object that
originated the request as its second argument (:issue:`3682`)
* A new ``restrict_text`` parameter for the
:attr:`LinkExtractor `
- constructor allows filtering links by linking text (:issue:`3622`,
+ ``__init__`` method allows filtering links by linking text (:issue:`3622`,
:issue:`3635`)
* A new :setting:`FEED_STORAGE_S3_ACL` setting allows defining a custom ACL
@@ -479,7 +479,7 @@ The following deprecated APIs have been removed (:issue:`3578`):
* From :class:`~scrapy.selector.Selector`:
- * ``_root`` (both the constructor argument and the object property, use
+ * ``_root`` (both the ``__init__`` method argument and the object property, use
``root``)
* ``extract_unquoted`` (use ``getall``)
@@ -2703,7 +2703,7 @@ Scrapy changes:
- removed ``ENCODING_ALIASES`` setting, as encoding auto-detection has been moved to the `w3lib`_ library
- promoted :ref:`topics-djangoitem` to main contrib
- LogFormatter method now return dicts(instead of strings) to support lazy formatting (:issue:`164`, :commit:`dcef7b0`)
-- downloader handlers (:setting:`DOWNLOAD_HANDLERS` setting) now receive settings as the first argument of the constructor
+- downloader handlers (:setting:`DOWNLOAD_HANDLERS` setting) now receive settings as the first argument of the ``__init__`` method
- replaced memory usage acounting with (more portable) `resource`_ module, removed ``scrapy.utils.memory`` module
- removed signal: ``scrapy.mail.mail_sent``
- removed ``TRACK_REFS`` setting, now :ref:`trackrefs ` is always enabled
@@ -2917,7 +2917,7 @@ API changes
- ``Request.copy()`` and ``Request.replace()`` now also copies their ``callback`` and ``errback`` attributes (#231)
- Removed ``UrlFilterMiddleware`` from ``scrapy.contrib`` (already disabled by default)
- Offsite middelware doesn't filter out any request coming from a spider that doesn't have a allowed_domains attribute (#225)
-- Removed Spider Manager ``load()`` method. Now spiders are loaded in the constructor itself.
+- Removed Spider Manager ``load()`` method. Now spiders are loaded in the ``__init__`` method itself.
- Changes to Scrapy Manager (now called "Crawler"):
- ``scrapy.core.manager.ScrapyManager`` class renamed to ``scrapy.crawler.Crawler``
- ``scrapy.core.manager.scrapymanager`` singleton moved to ``scrapy.project.crawler``
diff --git a/docs/requirements.txt b/docs/requirements.txt
index 379da9994..773b92cea 100644
--- a/docs/requirements.txt
+++ b/docs/requirements.txt
@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
Sphinx>=2.1
-sphinx_rtd_theme
\ No newline at end of file
+sphinx-hoverxref
+sphinx-notfound-page
+sphinx_rtd_theme
diff --git a/docs/topics/api.rst b/docs/topics/api.rst
index 7c8c40b5f..1c461a511 100644
--- a/docs/topics/api.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/api.rst
@@ -273,5 +273,3 @@ class (which they all inherit from).
Close the given spider. After this is called, no more specific stats
can be accessed or collected.
-
-.. _reactor: https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/reactor-basics.html
diff --git a/docs/topics/architecture.rst b/docs/topics/architecture.rst
index 2effe94dc..ae25dfa2f 100644
--- a/docs/topics/architecture.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/architecture.rst
@@ -166,11 +166,10 @@ for concurrency.
For more information about asynchronous programming and Twisted see these
links:
-* `Introduction to Deferreds in Twisted`_
+* :doc:`twisted:core/howto/defer-intro`
* `Twisted - hello, asynchronous programming`_
* `Twisted Introduction - Krondo`_
.. _Twisted: https://twistedmatrix.com/trac/
-.. _Introduction to Deferreds in Twisted: https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/defer-intro.html
.. _Twisted - hello, asynchronous programming: http://jessenoller.com/blog/2009/02/11/twisted-hello-asynchronous-programming/
.. _Twisted Introduction - Krondo: http://krondo.com/an-introduction-to-asynchronous-programming-and-twisted/
diff --git a/docs/topics/commands.rst b/docs/topics/commands.rst
index a93bee06b..5b3cd7e75 100644
--- a/docs/topics/commands.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/commands.rst
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+.. highlight:: none
+
.. _topics-commands:
=================
@@ -66,7 +68,9 @@ structure by default, similar to this::
The directory where the ``scrapy.cfg`` file resides is known as the *project
root directory*. That file contains the name of the python module that defines
-the project settings. Here is an example::
+the project settings. Here is an example:
+
+.. code-block:: ini
[settings]
default = myproject.settings
@@ -80,7 +84,9 @@ A project root directory, the one that contains the ``scrapy.cfg``, may be
shared by multiple Scrapy projects, each with its own settings module.
In that case, you must define one or more aliases for those settings modules
-under ``[settings]`` in your ``scrapy.cfg`` file::
+under ``[settings]`` in your ``scrapy.cfg`` file:
+
+.. code-block:: ini
[settings]
default = myproject1.settings
@@ -277,6 +283,8 @@ check
Run contract checks.
+.. skip: start
+
Usage examples::
$ scrapy check -l
@@ -294,6 +302,8 @@ Usage examples::
[FAILED] first_spider:parse
>>> Returned 92 requests, expected 0..4
+.. skip: end
+
.. command:: list
list
@@ -481,6 +491,8 @@ Supported options:
* ``--verbose`` or ``-v``: display information for each depth level
+.. skip: start
+
Usage example::
$ scrapy parse http://www.example.com/ -c parse_item
@@ -495,6 +507,8 @@ Usage example::
# Requests -----------------------------------------------------------------
[]
+.. skip: end
+
.. command:: settings
@@ -573,7 +587,9 @@ Default: ``''`` (empty string)
A module to use for looking up custom Scrapy commands. This is used to add custom
commands for your Scrapy project.
-Example::
+Example:
+
+.. code-block:: python
COMMANDS_MODULE = 'mybot.commands'
@@ -588,7 +604,11 @@ You can also add Scrapy commands from an external library by adding a
``scrapy.commands`` section in the entry points of the library ``setup.py``
file.
-The following example adds ``my_command`` command::
+The following example adds ``my_command`` command:
+
+.. skip: next
+
+.. code-block:: python
from setuptools import setup, find_packages
diff --git a/docs/topics/debug.rst b/docs/topics/debug.rst
index 0aaad0c77..4b2588518 100644
--- a/docs/topics/debug.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/debug.rst
@@ -48,6 +48,10 @@ The most basic way of checking the output of your spider is to use the
of the spider at the method level. It has the advantage of being flexible and
simple to use, but does not allow debugging code inside a method.
+.. highlight:: none
+
+.. skip: start
+
In order to see the item scraped from a specific url::
$ scrapy parse --spider=myspider -c parse_item -d 2
@@ -85,6 +89,8 @@ using::
$ scrapy parse --spider=myspider -d 3 'http://example.com/page1'
+.. skip: end
+
Scrapy Shell
============
@@ -94,6 +100,8 @@ spider, it is of little help to check what happens inside a callback, besides
showing the response received and the output. How to debug the situation when
``parse_details`` sometimes receives no item?
+.. highlight:: python
+
Fortunately, the :command:`shell` is your bread and butter in this case (see
:ref:`topics-shell-inspect-response`)::
diff --git a/docs/topics/downloader-middleware.rst b/docs/topics/downloader-middleware.rst
index 8048e1c86..ae6d41809 100644
--- a/docs/topics/downloader-middleware.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/downloader-middleware.rst
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ DBM storage backend
A DBM_ storage backend is also available for the HTTP cache middleware.
- By default, it uses the anydbm_ module, but you can change it with the
+ By default, it uses the :mod:`dbm`, but you can change it with the
:setting:`HTTPCACHE_DBM_MODULE` setting.
.. _httpcache-storage-custom:
@@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ HTTPCACHE_DBM_MODULE
.. versionadded:: 0.13
-Default: ``'anydbm'``
+Default: ``'dbm'``
The database module to use in the :ref:`DBM storage backend
`. This setting is specific to the DBM backend.
@@ -1202,4 +1202,3 @@ The default encoding for proxy authentication on :class:`HttpProxyMiddleware`.
.. _DBM: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dbm
-.. _anydbm: https://docs.python.org/2/library/anydbm.html
diff --git a/docs/topics/email.rst b/docs/topics/email.rst
index 949cdc638..72bf52227 100644
--- a/docs/topics/email.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/email.rst
@@ -9,19 +9,19 @@ Sending e-mail
Although Python makes sending e-mails relatively easy via the `smtplib`_
library, Scrapy provides its own facility for sending e-mails which is very
-easy to use and it's implemented using `Twisted non-blocking IO`_, to avoid
-interfering with the non-blocking IO of the crawler. It also provides a
-simple API for sending attachments and it's very easy to configure, with a few
-:ref:`settings `.
+easy to use and it's implemented using :doc:`Twisted non-blocking IO
+`, to avoid interfering with the non-blocking
+IO of the crawler. It also provides a simple API for sending attachments and
+it's very easy to configure, with a few :ref:`settings
+`.
.. _smtplib: https://docs.python.org/2/library/smtplib.html
-.. _Twisted non-blocking IO: https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/defer-intro.html
Quick example
=============
There are two ways to instantiate the mail sender. You can instantiate it using
-the standard constructor::
+the standard ``__init__`` method::
from scrapy.mail import MailSender
mailer = MailSender()
@@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ MailSender class reference
==========================
MailSender is the preferred class to use for sending emails from Scrapy, as it
-uses `Twisted non-blocking IO`_, like the rest of the framework.
+uses :doc:`Twisted non-blocking IO `, like the
+rest of the framework.
.. class:: MailSender(smtphost=None, mailfrom=None, smtpuser=None, smtppass=None, smtpport=None)
@@ -111,7 +112,7 @@ uses `Twisted non-blocking IO`_, like the rest of the framework.
Mail settings
=============
-These settings define the default constructor values of the :class:`MailSender`
+These settings define the default ``__init__`` method values of the :class:`MailSender`
class, and can be used to configure e-mail notifications in your project without
writing any code (for those extensions and code that uses :class:`MailSender`).
diff --git a/docs/topics/exporters.rst b/docs/topics/exporters.rst
index a698a6a4e..b8d898022 100644
--- a/docs/topics/exporters.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/exporters.rst
@@ -87,8 +87,8 @@ described next.
1. Declaring a serializer in the field
--------------------------------------
-If you use :class:`~.Item` you can declare a serializer in the
-:ref:`field metadata `. The serializer must be
+If you use :class:`~.Item` you can declare a serializer in the
+:ref:`field metadata `. The serializer must be
a callable which receives a value and returns its serialized form.
Example::
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ BaseItemExporter
defining what fields to export, whether to export empty fields, or which
encoding to use.
- These features can be configured through the constructor arguments which
+ These features can be configured through the ``__init__`` method arguments which
populate their respective instance attributes: :attr:`fields_to_export`,
:attr:`export_empty_fields`, :attr:`encoding`, :attr:`indent`.
@@ -246,8 +246,8 @@ XmlItemExporter
:param item_element: The name of each item element in the exported XML.
:type item_element: str
- The additional keyword arguments of this constructor are passed to the
- :class:`BaseItemExporter` constructor.
+ The additional keyword arguments of this ``__init__`` method are passed to the
+ :class:`BaseItemExporter` ``__init__`` method.
A typical output of this exporter would be::
@@ -306,9 +306,9 @@ CsvItemExporter
multi-valued fields, if found.
:type include_headers_line: str
- The additional keyword arguments of this constructor are passed to the
- :class:`BaseItemExporter` constructor, and the leftover arguments to the
- `csv.writer`_ constructor, so you can use any ``csv.writer`` constructor
+ The additional keyword arguments of this ``__init__`` method are passed to the
+ :class:`BaseItemExporter` ``__init__`` method, and the leftover arguments to the
+ `csv.writer`_ ``__init__`` method, so you can use any ``csv.writer`` ``__init__`` method
argument to customize this exporter.
A typical output of this exporter would be::
@@ -334,8 +334,8 @@ PickleItemExporter
For more information, refer to the `pickle module documentation`_.
- The additional keyword arguments of this constructor are passed to the
- :class:`BaseItemExporter` constructor.
+ The additional keyword arguments of this ``__init__`` method are passed to the
+ :class:`BaseItemExporter` ``__init__`` method.
Pickle isn't a human readable format, so no output examples are provided.
@@ -351,8 +351,8 @@ PprintItemExporter
:param file: the file-like object to use for exporting the data. Its ``write`` method should
accept ``bytes`` (a disk file opened in binary mode, a ``io.BytesIO`` object, etc)
- The additional keyword arguments of this constructor are passed to the
- :class:`BaseItemExporter` constructor.
+ The additional keyword arguments of this ``__init__`` method are passed to the
+ :class:`BaseItemExporter` ``__init__`` method.
A typical output of this exporter would be::
@@ -367,10 +367,10 @@ JsonItemExporter
.. class:: JsonItemExporter(file, \**kwargs)
Exports Items in JSON format to the specified file-like object, writing all
- objects as a list of objects. The additional constructor arguments are
- passed to the :class:`BaseItemExporter` constructor, and the leftover
- arguments to the `JSONEncoder`_ constructor, so you can use any
- `JSONEncoder`_ constructor argument to customize this exporter.
+ objects as a list of objects. The additional ``__init__`` method arguments are
+ passed to the :class:`BaseItemExporter` ``__init__`` method, and the leftover
+ arguments to the `JSONEncoder`_ ``__init__`` method, so you can use any
+ `JSONEncoder`_ ``__init__`` method argument to customize this exporter.
:param file: the file-like object to use for exporting the data. Its ``write`` method should
accept ``bytes`` (a disk file opened in binary mode, a ``io.BytesIO`` object, etc)
@@ -398,10 +398,10 @@ JsonLinesItemExporter
.. class:: JsonLinesItemExporter(file, \**kwargs)
Exports Items in JSON format to the specified file-like object, writing one
- JSON-encoded item per line. The additional constructor arguments are passed
- to the :class:`BaseItemExporter` constructor, and the leftover arguments to
- the `JSONEncoder`_ constructor, so you can use any `JSONEncoder`_
- constructor argument to customize this exporter.
+ JSON-encoded item per line. The additional ``__init__`` method arguments are passed
+ to the :class:`BaseItemExporter` ``__init__`` method, and the leftover arguments to
+ the `JSONEncoder`_ ``__init__`` method, so you can use any `JSONEncoder`_
+ ``__init__`` method argument to customize this exporter.
:param file: the file-like object to use for exporting the data. Its ``write`` method should
accept ``bytes`` (a disk file opened in binary mode, a ``io.BytesIO`` object, etc)
diff --git a/docs/topics/extensions.rst b/docs/topics/extensions.rst
index 72c2290b5..0a7455ec9 100644
--- a/docs/topics/extensions.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/extensions.rst
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Loading & activating extensions
Extensions are loaded and activated at startup by instantiating a single
instance of the extension class. Therefore, all the extension initialization
-code must be performed in the class constructor (``__init__`` method).
+code must be performed in the class ``__init__`` method.
To make an extension available, add it to the :setting:`EXTENSIONS` setting in
your Scrapy settings. In :setting:`EXTENSIONS`, each extension is represented
diff --git a/docs/topics/item-pipeline.rst b/docs/topics/item-pipeline.rst
index fae18200a..cdc4953c2 100644
--- a/docs/topics/item-pipeline.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/item-pipeline.rst
@@ -29,7 +29,8 @@ Each item pipeline component is a Python class that must implement the following
This method is called for every item pipeline component. :meth:`process_item`
must either: return a dict with data, return an :class:`~scrapy.item.Item`
- (or any descendant class) object, return a `Twisted Deferred`_ or raise
+ (or any descendant class) object, return a
+ :class:`~twisted.internet.defer.Deferred` or raise
:exc:`~scrapy.exceptions.DropItem` exception. Dropped items are no longer
processed by further pipeline components.
@@ -67,8 +68,6 @@ Additionally, they may also implement the following methods:
:type crawler: :class:`~scrapy.crawler.Crawler` object
-.. _Twisted Deferred: https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/defer.html
-
Item pipeline example
=====================
@@ -166,7 +165,8 @@ method and how to clean up the resources properly.::
Take screenshot of item
-----------------------
-This example demonstrates how to return Deferred_ from :meth:`process_item` method.
+This example demonstrates how to return a
+:class:`~twisted.internet.defer.Deferred` from the :meth:`process_item` method.
It uses Splash_ to render screenshot of item url. Pipeline
makes request to locally running instance of Splash_. After request is downloaded
and Deferred callback fires, it saves item to a file and adds filename to an item.
@@ -209,7 +209,6 @@ and Deferred callback fires, it saves item to a file and adds filename to an ite
return item
.. _Splash: https://splash.readthedocs.io/en/stable/
-.. _Deferred: https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/defer.html
Duplicates filter
-----------------
diff --git a/docs/topics/items.rst b/docs/topics/items.rst
index d70e7428b..cdf60208e 100644
--- a/docs/topics/items.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/items.rst
@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ especially in a larger project with many spiders.
To define common output data format Scrapy provides the :class:`Item` class.
:class:`Item` objects are simple containers used to collect the scraped data.
They provide a `dictionary-like`_ API with a convenient syntax for declaring
-their available fields.
+their available fields.
-Various Scrapy components use extra information provided by Items:
+Various Scrapy components use extra information provided by Items:
exporters look at declared fields to figure out columns to export,
serialization can be customized using Item fields metadata, :mod:`trackref`
-tracks Item instances to help find memory leaks
+tracks Item instances to help find memory leaks
(see :ref:`topics-leaks-trackrefs`), etc.
.. _dictionary-like: https://docs.python.org/2/library/stdtypes.html#dict
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ Item objects
Return a new Item optionally initialized from the given argument.
- Items replicate the standard `dict API`_, including its constructor, and
+ Items replicate the standard `dict API`_, including its ``__init__`` method, and
also provide the following additional API members:
.. automethod:: copy
diff --git a/docs/topics/loaders.rst b/docs/topics/loaders.rst
index 0318e37aa..de3f38023 100644
--- a/docs/topics/loaders.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/loaders.rst
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Using Item Loaders to populate items
To use an Item Loader, you must first instantiate it. You can either
instantiate it with a dict-like object (e.g. Item or dict) or without one, in
-which case an Item is automatically instantiated in the Item Loader constructor
+which case an Item is automatically instantiated in the Item Loader ``__init__`` method
using the Item class specified in the :attr:`ItemLoader.default_item_class`
attribute.
@@ -142,20 +142,6 @@ accept one (and only one) positional argument, which will be an iterable.
containing the collected values (for that field). The result of the output
processors is the value that will be finally assigned to the item.
-If you want to use a plain function as a processor, make sure it receives
-``self`` as the first argument::
-
- def lowercase_processor(self, values):
- for v in values:
- yield v.lower()
-
- class MyItemLoader(ItemLoader):
- name_in = lowercase_processor
-
-This is because whenever a function is assigned as a class variable, it becomes
-a method and would be passed the instance as the the first argument when being
-called. See `this answer on stackoverflow`_ for more details.
-
The other thing you need to keep in mind is that the values returned by input
processors are collected internally (in lists) and then passed to output
processors to populate the fields.
@@ -163,7 +149,7 @@ processors to populate the fields.
Last, but not least, Scrapy comes with some :ref:`commonly used processors
` built-in for convenience.
-.. _this answer on stackoverflow: https://stackoverflow.com/a/35322635
+
Declaring Item Loaders
======================
@@ -271,7 +257,7 @@ There are several ways to modify Item Loader context values:
loader.context['unit'] = 'cm'
2. On Item Loader instantiation (the keyword arguments of Item Loader
- constructor are stored in the Item Loader context)::
+ ``__init__`` method are stored in the Item Loader context)::
loader = ItemLoader(product, unit='cm')
@@ -491,6 +477,8 @@ ItemLoader objects
.. attribute:: item
The :class:`~scrapy.item.Item` object being parsed by this Item Loader.
+ This is mostly used as a property so when attempting to override this
+ value, you may want to check out :attr:`default_item_class` first.
.. attribute:: context
@@ -500,7 +488,7 @@ ItemLoader objects
.. attribute:: default_item_class
An Item class (or factory), used to instantiate items when not given in
- the constructor.
+ the ``__init__`` method.
.. attribute:: default_input_processor
@@ -515,15 +503,15 @@ ItemLoader objects
.. attribute:: default_selector_class
The class used to construct the :attr:`selector` of this
- :class:`ItemLoader`, if only a response is given in the constructor.
- If a selector is given in the constructor this attribute is ignored.
+ :class:`ItemLoader`, if only a response is given in the ``__init__`` method.
+ If a selector is given in the ``__init__`` method this attribute is ignored.
This attribute is sometimes overridden in subclasses.
.. attribute:: selector
The :class:`~scrapy.selector.Selector` object to extract data from.
- It's either the selector given in the constructor or one created from
- the response given in the constructor using the
+ It's either the selector given in the ``__init__`` method or one created from
+ the response given in the ``__init__`` method using the
:attr:`default_selector_class`. This attribute is meant to be
read-only.
@@ -648,7 +636,7 @@ Here is a list of all built-in processors:
.. class:: Identity
The simplest processor, which doesn't do anything. It returns the original
- values unchanged. It doesn't receive any constructor arguments, nor does it
+ values unchanged. It doesn't receive any ``__init__`` method arguments, nor does it
accept Loader contexts.
Example::
@@ -662,7 +650,7 @@ Here is a list of all built-in processors:
Returns the first non-null/non-empty value from the values received,
so it's typically used as an output processor to single-valued fields.
- It doesn't receive any constructor arguments, nor does it accept Loader contexts.
+ It doesn't receive any ``__init__`` method arguments, nor does it accept Loader contexts.
Example::
@@ -673,7 +661,7 @@ Here is a list of all built-in processors:
.. class:: Join(separator=u' ')
- Returns the values joined with the separator given in the constructor, which
+ Returns the values joined with the separator given in the ``__init__`` method, which
defaults to ``u' '``. It doesn't accept Loader contexts.
When using the default separator, this processor is equivalent to the
@@ -711,7 +699,7 @@ Here is a list of all built-in processors:
those which do, this processor will pass the currently active :ref:`Loader
context ` through that parameter.
- The keyword arguments passed in the constructor are used as the default
+ The keyword arguments passed in the ``__init__`` method are used as the default
Loader context values passed to each function call. However, the final
Loader context values passed to functions are overridden with the currently
active Loader context accessible through the :meth:`ItemLoader.context`
@@ -755,12 +743,12 @@ Here is a list of all built-in processors:
['HELLO, 'THIS', 'IS', 'SCRAPY']
As with the Compose processor, functions can receive Loader contexts, and
- constructor keyword arguments are used as default context values. See
+ ``__init__`` method keyword arguments are used as default context values. See
:class:`Compose` processor for more info.
.. class:: SelectJmes(json_path)
- Queries the value using the json path provided to the constructor and returns the output.
+ Queries the value using the json path provided to the ``__init__`` method and returns the output.
Requires jmespath (https://github.com/jmespath/jmespath.py) to run.
This processor takes only one input at a time.
diff --git a/docs/topics/logging.rst b/docs/topics/logging.rst
index 2db0ffddd..dd09477b8 100644
--- a/docs/topics/logging.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/logging.rst
@@ -255,18 +255,18 @@ scrapy.utils.log module
when running custom scripts using :class:`~scrapy.crawler.CrawlerRunner`.
In that case, its usage is not required but it's recommended.
- If you plan on configuring the handlers yourself is still recommended you
- call this function, passing ``install_root_handler=False``. Bear in mind
- there won't be any log output set by default in that case.
+ Another option when running custom scripts is to manually configure the logging.
+ To do this you can use `logging.basicConfig()`_ to set a basic root handler.
- To get you started on manually configuring logging's output, you can use
- `logging.basicConfig()`_ to set a basic root handler. This is an example
- on how to redirect ``INFO`` or higher messages to a file::
+ Note that :class:`~scrapy.crawler.CrawlerProcess` automatically calls ``configure_logging``,
+ so it is recommended to only use `logging.basicConfig()`_ together with
+ :class:`~scrapy.crawler.CrawlerRunner`.
+
+ This is an example on how to redirect ``INFO`` or higher messages to a file::
import logging
from scrapy.utils.log import configure_logging
- configure_logging(install_root_handler=False)
logging.basicConfig(
filename='log.txt',
format='%(levelname)s: %(message)s',
diff --git a/docs/topics/media-pipeline.rst b/docs/topics/media-pipeline.rst
index 431cc6027..206e7cfa5 100644
--- a/docs/topics/media-pipeline.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/media-pipeline.rst
@@ -441,8 +441,9 @@ See here the methods that you can override in your custom Files Pipeline:
* ``success`` is a boolean which is ``True`` if the image was downloaded
successfully or ``False`` if it failed for some reason
- * ``file_info_or_error`` is a dict containing the following keys (if success
- is ``True``) or a `Twisted Failure`_ if there was a problem.
+ * ``file_info_or_error`` is a dict containing the following keys (if
+ success is ``True``) or a :exc:`~twisted.python.failure.Failure` if
+ there was a problem.
* ``url`` - the url where the file was downloaded from. This is the url of
the request returned from the :meth:`~get_media_requests`
@@ -577,5 +578,4 @@ above::
item['image_paths'] = image_paths
return item
-.. _Twisted Failure: https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/api/twisted.python.failure.Failure.html
.. _MD5 hash: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5
diff --git a/docs/topics/practices.rst b/docs/topics/practices.rst
index a6d4f0d6d..e3e8fdc72 100644
--- a/docs/topics/practices.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/practices.rst
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ reactor after ``MySpider`` has finished running.
d.addBoth(lambda _: reactor.stop())
reactor.run() # the script will block here until the crawling is finished
-.. seealso:: `Twisted Reactor Overview`_.
+.. seealso:: :doc:`twisted:core/howto/reactor-basics`
.. _run-multiple-spiders:
@@ -253,6 +253,5 @@ If you are still unable to prevent your bot getting banned, consider contacting
.. _ProxyMesh: https://proxymesh.com/
.. _Google cache: http://www.googleguide.com/cached_pages.html
.. _testspiders: https://github.com/scrapinghub/testspiders
-.. _Twisted Reactor Overview: https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/reactor-basics.html
.. _Crawlera: https://scrapinghub.com/crawlera
.. _scrapoxy: https://scrapoxy.io/
diff --git a/docs/topics/request-response.rst b/docs/topics/request-response.rst
index 5a76e189e..4cf367d96 100644
--- a/docs/topics/request-response.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/request-response.rst
@@ -121,8 +121,8 @@ Request objects
:param errback: a function that will be called if any exception was
raised while processing the request. This includes pages that failed
- with 404 HTTP errors and such. It receives a `Twisted Failure`_ instance
- as first parameter.
+ with 404 HTTP errors and such. It receives a
+ :exc:`~twisted.python.failure.Failure` as first parameter.
For more information,
see :ref:`topics-request-response-ref-errbacks` below.
:type errback: callable
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ Request objects
A string containing the URL of this request. Keep in mind that this
attribute contains the escaped URL, so it can differ from the URL passed in
- the constructor.
+ the ``__init__`` method.
This attribute is read-only. To change the URL of a Request use
:meth:`replace`.
@@ -254,8 +254,8 @@ Using errbacks to catch exceptions in request processing
The errback of a request is a function that will be called when an exception
is raise while processing it.
-It receives a `Twisted Failure`_ instance as first parameter and can be
-used to track connection establishment timeouts, DNS errors etc.
+It receives a :exc:`~twisted.python.failure.Failure` as first parameter and can
+be used to track connection establishment timeouts, DNS errors etc.
Here's an example spider logging all errors and catching some specific
errors if needed::
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ fields with form data from :class:`Response` objects.
.. class:: FormRequest(url, [formdata, ...])
- The :class:`FormRequest` class adds a new keyword parameter to the constructor. The
+ The :class:`FormRequest` class adds a new keyword parameter to the ``__init__`` method. The
remaining arguments are the same as for the :class:`Request` class and are
not documented here.
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ fields with form data from :class:`Response` objects.
:type dont_click: boolean
The other parameters of this class method are passed directly to the
- :class:`FormRequest` constructor.
+ :class:`FormRequest` ``__init__`` method.
.. versionadded:: 0.10.3
The ``formname`` parameter.
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ dealing with JSON requests.
.. class:: JsonRequest(url, [... data, dumps_kwargs])
- The :class:`JsonRequest` class adds two new keyword parameters to the constructor. The
+ The :class:`JsonRequest` class adds two new keyword parameters to the ``__init__`` method. The
remaining arguments are the same as for the :class:`Request` class and are
not documented here.
@@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ dealing with JSON requests.
:param data: is any JSON serializable object that needs to be JSON encoded and assigned to body.
if :attr:`Request.body` argument is provided this parameter will be ignored.
- if :attr:`Request.body` argument is not provided and data argument is provided :attr:`Request.method` will be
+ if :attr:`Request.body` argument is not provided and data argument is provided :attr:`Request.method` will be
set to ``'POST'`` automatically.
:type data: JSON serializable object
@@ -721,7 +721,7 @@ TextResponse objects
:class:`Response` class, which is meant to be used only for binary data,
such as images, sounds or any media file.
- :class:`TextResponse` objects support a new constructor argument, in
+ :class:`TextResponse` objects support a new ``__init__`` method argument, in
addition to the base :class:`Response` objects. The remaining functionality
is the same as for the :class:`Response` class and is not documented here.
@@ -755,7 +755,7 @@ TextResponse objects
A string with the encoding of this response. The encoding is resolved by
trying the following mechanisms, in order:
- 1. the encoding passed in the constructor ``encoding`` argument
+ 1. the encoding passed in the ``__init__`` method ``encoding`` argument
2. the encoding declared in the Content-Type HTTP header. If this
encoding is not valid (ie. unknown), it is ignored and the next
@@ -816,5 +816,4 @@ XmlResponse objects
adds encoding auto-discovering support by looking into the XML declaration
line. See :attr:`TextResponse.encoding`.
-.. _Twisted Failure: https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/api/twisted.python.failure.Failure.html
.. _bug in lxml: https://bugs.launchpad.net/lxml/+bug/1665241
diff --git a/docs/topics/signals.rst b/docs/topics/signals.rst
index ff07b9d55..3f29aa323 100644
--- a/docs/topics/signals.rst
+++ b/docs/topics/signals.rst
@@ -50,10 +50,10 @@ Here is a simple example showing how you can catch signals and perform some acti
Deferred signal handlers
========================
-Some signals support returning `Twisted deferreds`_ from their handlers, see
-the :ref:`topics-signals-ref` below to know which ones.
+Some signals support returning :class:`~twisted.internet.defer.Deferred`
+objects from their handlers, see the :ref:`topics-signals-ref` below to know
+which ones.
-.. _Twisted deferreds: https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/defer.html
.. _topics-signals-ref:
@@ -155,8 +155,8 @@ item_error
:param spider: the spider which raised the exception
:type spider: :class:`~scrapy.spiders.Spider` object
- :param failure: the exception raised as a Twisted `Failure`_ object
- :type failure: `Failure`_ object
+ :param failure: the exception raised
+ :type failure: twisted.python.failure.Failure
spider_closed
-------------
@@ -236,8 +236,8 @@ spider_error
This signal does not support returning deferreds from their handlers.
- :param failure: the exception raised as a Twisted `Failure`_ object
- :type failure: `Failure`_ object
+ :param failure: the exception raised
+ :type failure: twisted.python.failure.Failure
:param response: the response being processed when the exception was raised
:type response: :class:`~scrapy.http.Response` object
@@ -333,5 +333,3 @@ response_downloaded
:param spider: the spider for which the response is intended
:type spider: :class:`~scrapy.spiders.Spider` object
-
-.. _Failure: https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/api/twisted.python.failure.Failure.html
diff --git a/extras/qps-bench-server.py b/extras/qps-bench-server.py
index 3bef20bf3..da7a0022b 100755
--- a/extras/qps-bench-server.py
+++ b/extras/qps-bench-server.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
-from __future__ import print_function
from time import time
from collections import deque
from twisted.web.server import Site, NOT_DONE_YET
diff --git a/pytest.ini b/pytest.ini
index 8c5a2cd54..f088e10ef 100644
--- a/pytest.ini
+++ b/pytest.ini
@@ -7,10 +7,7 @@ addopts =
--doctest-modules
--ignore=docs/_ext
--ignore=docs/conf.py
- --ignore=docs/intro/tutorial.rst
--ignore=docs/news.rst
- --ignore=docs/topics/commands.rst
- --ignore=docs/topics/debug.rst
--ignore=docs/topics/developer-tools.rst
--ignore=docs/topics/dynamic-content.rst
--ignore=docs/topics/items.rst
@@ -23,250 +20,230 @@ addopts =
--ignore=docs/utils
twisted = 1
flake8-ignore =
+ # Files that are only meant to provide top-level imports are expected not
+ # to use any of their imports:
+ scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http.py F401
+ scrapy/http/__init__.py F401
+ # Issues pending a review:
# extras
- extras/qps-bench-server.py E261 E501
- extras/qpsclient.py E501 E261 E501
+ extras/qps-bench-server.py E501
+ extras/qpsclient.py E501 E501
# scrapy/commands
scrapy/commands/__init__.py E128 E501
- scrapy/commands/check.py F401 E501
+ scrapy/commands/check.py E501
scrapy/commands/crawl.py E501
scrapy/commands/edit.py E501
- scrapy/commands/fetch.py E401 E302 E501 E128 E502 E731
+ scrapy/commands/fetch.py E401 E501 E128 E731
scrapy/commands/genspider.py E128 E501 E502
- scrapy/commands/list.py E302
scrapy/commands/parse.py E128 E501 E731 E226
scrapy/commands/runspider.py E501
- scrapy/commands/settings.py E302 E128
+ scrapy/commands/settings.py E128
scrapy/commands/shell.py E128 E501 E502
- scrapy/commands/startproject.py E502 E127 E501 E128
+ scrapy/commands/startproject.py E127 E501 E128
scrapy/commands/version.py E501 E128
- scrapy/commands/view.py F401 E302
# scrapy/contracts
scrapy/contracts/__init__.py E501 W504
- scrapy/contracts/default.py E502 E128
+ scrapy/contracts/default.py E128
# scrapy/core
- scrapy/core/engine.py E261 E501 E128 E127 E306 E502
+ scrapy/core/engine.py E501 E128 E127 E306 E502
scrapy/core/scheduler.py E501
- scrapy/core/scraper.py E501 E306 E261 E128 W504
- scrapy/core/spidermw.py E501 E731 E502 E231 E126 E226
- scrapy/core/downloader/__init__.py F401 E501
+ scrapy/core/scraper.py E501 E306 E128 W504
+ scrapy/core/spidermw.py E501 E731 E126 E226
+ scrapy/core/downloader/__init__.py E501
scrapy/core/downloader/contextfactory.py E501 E128 E126
scrapy/core/downloader/middleware.py E501 E502
scrapy/core/downloader/tls.py E501 E305 E241
- scrapy/core/downloader/webclient.py E731 E501 E261 E502 E128 E126 E226
+ scrapy/core/downloader/webclient.py E731 E501 E128 E126 E226
scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/__init__.py E501
scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/ftp.py E501 E305 E128 E127
- scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http.py F401
scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http10.py E501
scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http11.py E501
- scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/s3.py E501 F401 E502 E128 E126
+ scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/s3.py E501 E128 E126
# scrapy/downloadermiddlewares
- scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/ajaxcrawl.py E302 E501 E226
+ scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/ajaxcrawl.py E501 E226
scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/decompression.py E501
scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/defaultheaders.py E501
scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/httpcache.py E501 E126
- scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/httpcompression.py E502 E128
+ scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/httpcompression.py E501 E128
scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/httpproxy.py E501
scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/redirect.py E501 W504
scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/retry.py E501 E126
- scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/robotstxt.py F401 E501
+ scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/robotstxt.py E501
scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/stats.py E501
# scrapy/extensions
- scrapy/extensions/closespider.py E501 E502 E128 E123
- scrapy/extensions/corestats.py E302 E501
+ scrapy/extensions/closespider.py E501 E128 E123
+ scrapy/extensions/corestats.py E501
scrapy/extensions/feedexport.py E128 E501
- scrapy/extensions/httpcache.py E128 E501 E303 F401
+ scrapy/extensions/httpcache.py E128 E501 E303
scrapy/extensions/memdebug.py E501
- scrapy/extensions/spiderstate.py E302 E501
+ scrapy/extensions/spiderstate.py E501
scrapy/extensions/telnet.py E501 W504
scrapy/extensions/throttle.py E501
# scrapy/http
- scrapy/http/__init__.py F401
scrapy/http/common.py E501
scrapy/http/cookies.py E501
scrapy/http/request/__init__.py E501
scrapy/http/request/form.py E501 E123
scrapy/http/request/json_request.py E501
scrapy/http/response/__init__.py E501 E128 W293 W291
- scrapy/http/response/html.py E302
scrapy/http/response/text.py E501 W293 E128 E124
- scrapy/http/response/xml.py E302
# scrapy/linkextractors
- scrapy/linkextractors/__init__.py E731 E502 E501 E402 F401
+ scrapy/linkextractors/__init__.py E731 E501 E402
scrapy/linkextractors/lxmlhtml.py E501 E731 E226
# scrapy/loader
- scrapy/loader/__init__.py E501 E502 E128
- scrapy/loader/common.py E302
+ scrapy/loader/__init__.py E501 E128
scrapy/loader/processors.py E501
# scrapy/pipelines
- scrapy/pipelines/__init__.py E302
scrapy/pipelines/files.py E116 E501 E266
scrapy/pipelines/images.py E265 E501
scrapy/pipelines/media.py E125 E501 E266
# scrapy/selector
- scrapy/selector/__init__.py F403 F401
- scrapy/selector/unified.py F401 E501 E111
+ scrapy/selector/__init__.py F403
+ scrapy/selector/unified.py E501 E111
# scrapy/settings
scrapy/settings/__init__.py E501
- scrapy/settings/default_settings.py E501 E261 E114 E116 E226
+ scrapy/settings/default_settings.py E501 E114 E116 E226
scrapy/settings/deprecated.py E501
# scrapy/spidermiddlewares
scrapy/spidermiddlewares/httperror.py E501
scrapy/spidermiddlewares/offsite.py E501
- scrapy/spidermiddlewares/referer.py F401 E501 E129 W503 W504
+ scrapy/spidermiddlewares/referer.py E501 E129 W503 W504
scrapy/spidermiddlewares/urllength.py E501
# scrapy/spiders
- scrapy/spiders/__init__.py F401 E501 E402
+ scrapy/spiders/__init__.py E501 E402
scrapy/spiders/crawl.py E501
- scrapy/spiders/feed.py E501 E261
+ scrapy/spiders/feed.py E501
scrapy/spiders/sitemap.py E501
# scrapy/utils
scrapy/utils/benchserver.py E501
- scrapy/utils/boto.py F401
- scrapy/utils/conf.py E402 E502 E501
- scrapy/utils/console.py E302 E261 F401 E306 E305
- scrapy/utils/curl.py F401
+ scrapy/utils/conf.py E402 E501
+ scrapy/utils/console.py E306 E305
scrapy/utils/datatypes.py E501 E226
- scrapy/utils/decorators.py E501 E302
- scrapy/utils/defer.py E501 E302 E128
+ scrapy/utils/decorators.py E501
+ scrapy/utils/defer.py E501 E128
scrapy/utils/deprecate.py E128 E501 E127 E502
- scrapy/utils/display.py E302
- scrapy/utils/engine.py F401 E261 E302
- scrapy/utils/ftp.py E302
- scrapy/utils/gz.py E305 E501 E302 W504
- scrapy/utils/http.py F403 F401 E226
- scrapy/utils/httpobj.py E302 E501
+ scrapy/utils/gz.py E305 E501 W504
+ scrapy/utils/http.py F403 E226
+ scrapy/utils/httpobj.py E501
scrapy/utils/iterators.py E501 E701
- scrapy/utils/job.py E302
scrapy/utils/log.py E128 W503
- scrapy/utils/markup.py F403 F401 W292
+ scrapy/utils/markup.py F403 W292
scrapy/utils/misc.py E501 E226
- scrapy/utils/multipart.py F403 F401 W292
+ scrapy/utils/multipart.py F403 W292
scrapy/utils/project.py E501
- scrapy/utils/python.py E501 E302
- scrapy/utils/reactor.py E302 E226
+ scrapy/utils/python.py E501
+ scrapy/utils/reactor.py E226
scrapy/utils/reqser.py E501
- scrapy/utils/request.py E302 E127 E501
- scrapy/utils/response.py E501 E302 E128
+ scrapy/utils/request.py E127 E501
+ scrapy/utils/response.py E501 E128
scrapy/utils/signal.py E501 E128
scrapy/utils/sitemap.py E501
- scrapy/utils/spider.py E271 E302 E501
+ scrapy/utils/spider.py E271 E501
scrapy/utils/ssl.py E501
- scrapy/utils/template.py E302
- scrapy/utils/test.py E302 E501
- scrapy/utils/url.py E501 F403 F401 E128 F405
+ scrapy/utils/test.py E501
+ scrapy/utils/url.py E501 F403 E128 F405
# scrapy
scrapy/__init__.py E402 E501
scrapy/_monkeypatches.py W293
- scrapy/cmdline.py E502 E501
+ scrapy/cmdline.py E501
scrapy/crawler.py E501
- scrapy/dupefilters.py E302 E501 E202
- scrapy/exceptions.py E302 E501
- scrapy/exporters.py E501 E261 E226
- scrapy/extension.py E302
- scrapy/interfaces.py E302 E501
+ scrapy/dupefilters.py E501 E202
+ scrapy/exceptions.py E501
+ scrapy/exporters.py E501 E226
+ scrapy/interfaces.py E501
scrapy/item.py E501 E128
scrapy/link.py E501
scrapy/logformatter.py E501 W293
scrapy/mail.py E402 E128 E501 E502
- scrapy/middleware.py E502 E128 E501
+ scrapy/middleware.py E128 E501
scrapy/pqueues.py E501
- scrapy/resolver.py E302
scrapy/responsetypes.py E128 E501 E305
- scrapy/robotstxt.py E302 E501
+ scrapy/robotstxt.py E501
scrapy/shell.py E501
scrapy/signalmanager.py E501
scrapy/spiderloader.py E225 F841 E501 E126
scrapy/squeues.py E128
scrapy/statscollectors.py E501
# tests
- tests/__init__.py F401 E402 E501
- tests/mockserver.py E401 E501 E126 E123 F401
- tests/pipelines.py E302 F841 E226
- tests/spiders.py E302 E501 E127
+ tests/__init__.py E402 E501
+ tests/mockserver.py E401 E501 E126 E123
+ tests/pipelines.py F841 E226
+ tests/spiders.py E501 E127
tests/test_closespider.py E501 E127
- tests/test_command_fetch.py E501 E261
- tests/test_command_parse.py F401 E302 E501 E128 E303 E226
+ tests/test_command_fetch.py E501
+ tests/test_command_parse.py E501 E128 E303 E226
tests/test_command_shell.py E501 E128
- tests/test_commands.py F401 E128 E501
+ tests/test_commands.py E128 E501
tests/test_contracts.py E501 E128 W293
tests/test_crawl.py E501 E741 E265
tests/test_crawler.py F841 E306 E501
- tests/test_dependencies.py E302 F841 E501 E305
- tests/test_downloader_handlers.py E124 E127 E128 E225 E261 E265 F401 E501 E502 E701 E711 E126 E226 E123
+ tests/test_dependencies.py F841 E501 E305
+ tests/test_downloader_handlers.py E124 E127 E128 E225 E265 E501 E701 E126 E226 E123
tests/test_downloadermiddleware.py E501
- tests/test_downloadermiddleware_ajaxcrawlable.py E302 E501
+ tests/test_downloadermiddleware_ajaxcrawlable.py E501
tests/test_downloadermiddleware_cookies.py E731 E741 E501 E128 E303 E265 E126
tests/test_downloadermiddleware_decompression.py E127
tests/test_downloadermiddleware_defaultheaders.py E501
tests/test_downloadermiddleware_downloadtimeout.py E501
- tests/test_downloadermiddleware_httpcache.py E713 E501 E302 E305 F401
- tests/test_downloadermiddleware_httpcompression.py E501 F401 E251 E126 E123
- tests/test_downloadermiddleware_httpproxy.py F401 E501 E128
+ tests/test_downloadermiddleware_httpcache.py E501 E305
+ tests/test_downloadermiddleware_httpcompression.py E501 E251 E126 E123
+ tests/test_downloadermiddleware_httpproxy.py E501 E128
tests/test_downloadermiddleware_redirect.py E501 E303 E128 E306 E127 E305
- tests/test_downloadermiddleware_retry.py E501 E128 W293 E251 E502 E303 E126
+ tests/test_downloadermiddleware_retry.py E501 E128 W293 E251 E303 E126
tests/test_downloadermiddleware_robotstxt.py E501
tests/test_downloadermiddleware_stats.py E501
- tests/test_dupefilters.py E302 E221 E501 E741 W293 W291 E128 E124
- tests/test_engine.py E401 E501 E502 E128 E261
+ tests/test_dupefilters.py E221 E501 E741 W293 W291 E128 E124
+ tests/test_engine.py E401 E501 E128
tests/test_exporters.py E501 E731 E306 E128 E124
- tests/test_extension_telnet.py F401 F841
- tests/test_feedexport.py E501 F401 F841 E241
+ tests/test_extension_telnet.py F841
+ tests/test_feedexport.py E501 F841 E241
tests/test_http_cookies.py E501
- tests/test_http_headers.py E302 E501
- tests/test_http_request.py F401 E402 E501 E231 E261 E127 E128 W293 E502 E128 E502 E126 E123
- tests/test_http_response.py E501 E301 E502 E128 E265
- tests/test_item.py E701 E128 E231 F841 E306
+ tests/test_http_headers.py E501
+ tests/test_http_request.py E402 E501 E127 E128 W293 E128 E126 E123
+ tests/test_http_response.py E501 E301 E128 E265
+ tests/test_item.py E701 E128 F841 E306
tests/test_link.py E501
- tests/test_linkextractors.py E501 E128 E231 E124
- tests/test_loader.py E302 E501 E731 E303 E741 E128 E117 E241
- tests/test_logformatter.py E128 E501 E231 E122 E302
- tests/test_mail.py E302 E128 E501 E305
- tests/test_middleware.py E302 E501 E128
+ tests/test_linkextractors.py E501 E128 E124
+ tests/test_loader.py E501 E731 E303 E741 E128 E117 E241
+ tests/test_logformatter.py E128 E501 E122
+ tests/test_mail.py E128 E501 E305
+ tests/test_middleware.py E501 E128
tests/test_pipeline_crawl.py E131 E501 E128 E126
- tests/test_pipeline_files.py F401 E501 W293 E303 E272 E226
- tests/test_pipeline_images.py F401 F841 E501 E303
- tests/test_pipeline_media.py E501 E741 E731 E128 E261 E306 E502
+ tests/test_pipeline_files.py E501 W293 E303 E272 E226
+ tests/test_pipeline_images.py F841 E501 E303
+ tests/test_pipeline_media.py E501 E741 E731 E128 E306 E502
+ tests/test_proxy_connect.py E501 E741
tests/test_request_cb_kwargs.py E501
- tests/test_responsetypes.py E501 E302 E305
- tests/test_robotstxt_interface.py F401 E302 E501 W291 E501
+ tests/test_responsetypes.py E501 E305
+ tests/test_robotstxt_interface.py E501 W291 E501
tests/test_scheduler.py E501 E126 E123
- tests/test_selector.py F401 E501 E127
- tests/test_spider.py E501 F401
+ tests/test_selector.py E501 E127
+ tests/test_spider.py E501
tests/test_spidermiddleware.py E501 E226
tests/test_spidermiddleware_httperror.py E128 E501 E127 E121
- tests/test_spidermiddleware_offsite.py E302 E501 E128 E111 W293
- tests/test_spidermiddleware_output_chain.py F401 E501 E302 W293 E226
- tests/test_spidermiddleware_referer.py F401 E501 E302 F841 E125 E201 E261 E124 E501 E241 E121
- tests/test_squeues.py E501 E302 E701 E741
- tests/test_utils_conf.py E501 E231 E303 E128
- tests/test_utils_console.py E302 E231
+ tests/test_spidermiddleware_offsite.py E501 E128 E111 W293
+ tests/test_spidermiddleware_output_chain.py E501 W293 E226
+ tests/test_spidermiddleware_referer.py E501 F841 E125 E201 E124 E501 E241 E121
+ tests/test_squeues.py E501 E701 E741
+ tests/test_utils_conf.py E501 E303 E128
tests/test_utils_curl.py E501
tests/test_utils_datatypes.py E402 E501 E305
- tests/test_utils_defer.py E306 E261 E501 E302 F841 E226
+ tests/test_utils_defer.py E306 E501 F841 E226
tests/test_utils_deprecate.py F841 E306 E501
- tests/test_utils_http.py E302 E501 E502 E128 W504
- tests/test_utils_httpobj.py E302
- tests/test_utils_iterators.py E501 E128 E129 E302 E303 E241
+ tests/test_utils_http.py E501 E128 W504
+ tests/test_utils_iterators.py E501 E128 E129 E303 E241
tests/test_utils_log.py E741 E226
tests/test_utils_python.py E501 E303 E731 E701 E305
- tests/test_utils_reqser.py F401 E501 E128
- tests/test_utils_request.py E302 E501 E128 E305
+ tests/test_utils_reqser.py E501 E128
+ tests/test_utils_request.py E501 E128 E305
tests/test_utils_response.py E501
- tests/test_utils_signal.py E741 F841 E302 E731 E226
- tests/test_utils_sitemap.py E302 E128 E501 E124
- tests/test_utils_spider.py E261 E302 E305
+ tests/test_utils_signal.py E741 F841 E731 E226
+ tests/test_utils_sitemap.py E128 E501 E124
+ tests/test_utils_spider.py E305
tests/test_utils_template.py E305
- tests/test_utils_url.py F401 E501 E127 E302 E305 E211 E125 E501 E226 E241 E126 E123
+ tests/test_utils_url.py E501 E127 E305 E211 E125 E501 E226 E241 E126 E123
tests/test_webclient.py E501 E128 E122 E303 E402 E306 E226 E241 E123 E126
- tests/mocks/dummydbm.py E302
- tests/test_cmdline/__init__.py E502 E501
- tests/test_cmdline/extensions.py E302
- tests/test_settings/__init__.py F401 E501 E128
- tests/test_spiderloader/__init__.py E128 E501 E302
- tests/test_spiderloader/test_spiders/spider0.py E302
- tests/test_spiderloader/test_spiders/spider1.py E302
- tests/test_spiderloader/test_spiders/spider2.py E302
- tests/test_spiderloader/test_spiders/spider3.py E302
- tests/test_spiderloader/test_spiders/nested/spider4.py E302
- tests/test_utils_misc/__init__.py E501 E231
+ tests/test_cmdline/__init__.py E501
+ tests/test_settings/__init__.py E501 E128
+ tests/test_spiderloader/__init__.py E128 E501
+ tests/test_utils_misc/__init__.py E501
diff --git a/requirements-py3.txt b/requirements-py3.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 2c98e6f6d..000000000
--- a/requirements-py3.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-parsel>=1.5.0
-PyDispatcher>=2.0.5
-Twisted>=17.9.0
-w3lib>=1.17.0
-protego>=0.1.15
-
-pyOpenSSL>=16.2.0 # Earlier versions fail with "AttributeError: module 'lib' has no attribute 'SSL_ST_INIT'"
-queuelib>=1.4.2 # Earlier versions fail with "AttributeError: '...QueueTest' object has no attribute 'qpath'"
-cryptography>=2.0 # Earlier versions would fail to install
-
-# Reference versions taken from
-# https://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/python/
-# https://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/zope/
-cssselect>=0.9.1
-lxml>=3.5.0
-service_identity>=16.0.0
-six>=1.10.0
-zope.interface>=4.1.3
diff --git a/scrapy/__init__.py b/scrapy/__init__.py
index 230e5cee3..fb8357f3c 100644
--- a/scrapy/__init__.py
+++ b/scrapy/__init__.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ warnings.filterwarnings('ignore', category=DeprecationWarning, module='twisted')
del warnings
# Apply monkey patches to fix issues in external libraries
-from . import _monkeypatches
+from scrapy import _monkeypatches
del _monkeypatches
from twisted import version as _txv
diff --git a/scrapy/_monkeypatches.py b/scrapy/_monkeypatches.py
index b68099cad..f74f89bda 100644
--- a/scrapy/_monkeypatches.py
+++ b/scrapy/_monkeypatches.py
@@ -1,14 +1,4 @@
-import six
-from six.moves import copyreg
-
-
-if six.PY2:
- from urlparse import urlparse
-
- # workaround for https://bugs.python.org/issue9374 - Python < 2.7.4
- if urlparse('s3://bucket/key?key=value').query != 'key=value':
- from urlparse import uses_query
- uses_query.append('s3')
+import copyreg
# Undo what Twisted's perspective broker adds to pickle register
diff --git a/scrapy/cmdline.py b/scrapy/cmdline.py
index 418dc1ac9..ec78f7c91 100644
--- a/scrapy/cmdline.py
+++ b/scrapy/cmdline.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import print_function
import sys
import os
import optparse
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ def _pop_command_name(argv):
def _print_header(settings, inproject):
if inproject:
- print("Scrapy %s - project: %s\n" % (scrapy.__version__, \
+ print("Scrapy %s - project: %s\n" % (scrapy.__version__,
settings['BOT_NAME']))
else:
print("Scrapy %s - no active project\n" % scrapy.__version__)
@@ -124,7 +123,7 @@ def execute(argv=None, settings=None):
inproject = inside_project()
cmds = _get_commands_dict(settings, inproject)
cmdname = _pop_command_name(argv)
- parser = optparse.OptionParser(formatter=optparse.TitledHelpFormatter(), \
+ parser = optparse.OptionParser(formatter=optparse.TitledHelpFormatter(),
conflict_handler='resolve')
if not cmdname:
_print_commands(settings, inproject)
diff --git a/scrapy/commands/bench.py b/scrapy/commands/bench.py
index 90c8d56a2..7bbe362e7 100644
--- a/scrapy/commands/bench.py
+++ b/scrapy/commands/bench.py
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
import sys
import time
import subprocess
-
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import urlencode
+from urllib.parse import urlencode
import scrapy
from scrapy.commands import ScrapyCommand
diff --git a/scrapy/commands/check.py b/scrapy/commands/check.py
index 3e6c11b7d..9d4437a47 100644
--- a/scrapy/commands/check.py
+++ b/scrapy/commands/check.py
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-from __future__ import print_function
import time
-import sys
from collections import defaultdict
from unittest import TextTestRunner, TextTestResult as _TextTestResult
diff --git a/scrapy/commands/fetch.py b/scrapy/commands/fetch.py
index 7d4840529..0e149941d 100644
--- a/scrapy/commands/fetch.py
+++ b/scrapy/commands/fetch.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-from __future__ import print_function
-import sys, six
+import sys
from w3lib.url import is_url
from scrapy.commands import ScrapyCommand
@@ -8,6 +7,7 @@ from scrapy.exceptions import UsageError
from scrapy.utils.datatypes import SequenceExclude
from scrapy.utils.spider import spidercls_for_request, DefaultSpider
+
class Command(ScrapyCommand):
requires_project = False
@@ -24,12 +24,11 @@ class Command(ScrapyCommand):
def add_options(self, parser):
ScrapyCommand.add_options(self, parser)
- parser.add_option("--spider", dest="spider",
- help="use this spider")
- parser.add_option("--headers", dest="headers", action="store_true", \
- help="print response HTTP headers instead of body")
- parser.add_option("--no-redirect", dest="no_redirect", action="store_true", \
- default=False, help="do not handle HTTP 3xx status codes and print response as-is")
+ parser.add_option("--spider", dest="spider", help="use this spider")
+ parser.add_option("--headers", dest="headers", action="store_true",
+ help="print response HTTP headers instead of body")
+ parser.add_option("--no-redirect", dest="no_redirect", action="store_true",
+ default=False, help="do not handle HTTP 3xx status codes and print response as-is")
def _print_headers(self, headers, prefix):
for key, values in headers.items():
@@ -45,8 +44,7 @@ class Command(ScrapyCommand):
self._print_bytes(response.body)
def _print_bytes(self, bytes_):
- bytes_writer = sys.stdout if six.PY2 else sys.stdout.buffer
- bytes_writer.write(bytes_ + b'\n')
+ sys.stdout.buffer.write(bytes_ + b'\n')
def run(self, args, opts):
if len(args) != 1 or not is_url(args[0]):
diff --git a/scrapy/commands/genspider.py b/scrapy/commands/genspider.py
index d5498bb5c..adb01fa70 100644
--- a/scrapy/commands/genspider.py
+++ b/scrapy/commands/genspider.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import print_function
import os
import shutil
import string
diff --git a/scrapy/commands/list.py b/scrapy/commands/list.py
index a255b3b94..54d7bb228 100644
--- a/scrapy/commands/list.py
+++ b/scrapy/commands/list.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-from __future__ import print_function
from scrapy.commands import ScrapyCommand
+
class Command(ScrapyCommand):
requires_project = True
diff --git a/scrapy/commands/parse.py b/scrapy/commands/parse.py
index ef8acd29c..ff6f1d8cd 100644
--- a/scrapy/commands/parse.py
+++ b/scrapy/commands/parse.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import print_function
import json
import logging
diff --git a/scrapy/commands/settings.py b/scrapy/commands/settings.py
index bee52f06a..603bafb9f 100644
--- a/scrapy/commands/settings.py
+++ b/scrapy/commands/settings.py
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-from __future__ import print_function
import json
from scrapy.commands import ScrapyCommand
from scrapy.settings import BaseSettings
+
class Command(ScrapyCommand):
requires_project = False
diff --git a/scrapy/commands/startproject.py b/scrapy/commands/startproject.py
index 3b9f6eabb..b123e5c84 100644
--- a/scrapy/commands/startproject.py
+++ b/scrapy/commands/startproject.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import print_function
import re
import os
import string
@@ -44,8 +43,8 @@ class Command(ScrapyCommand):
return False
if not re.search(r'^[_a-zA-Z]\w*$', project_name):
- print('Error: Project names must begin with a letter and contain'\
- ' only\nletters, numbers and underscores')
+ print('Error: Project names must begin with a letter and contain'
+ ' only\nletters, numbers and underscores')
elif _module_exists(project_name):
print('Error: Module %r already exists' % project_name)
else:
diff --git a/scrapy/commands/version.py b/scrapy/commands/version.py
index 8651948f7..1516c5997 100644
--- a/scrapy/commands/version.py
+++ b/scrapy/commands/version.py
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-from __future__ import print_function
-
import scrapy
from scrapy.commands import ScrapyCommand
from scrapy.utils.versions import scrapy_components_versions
diff --git a/scrapy/commands/view.py b/scrapy/commands/view.py
index 59e665016..41e77ba3b 100644
--- a/scrapy/commands/view.py
+++ b/scrapy/commands/view.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-from scrapy.commands import fetch, ScrapyCommand
+from scrapy.commands import fetch
from scrapy.utils.response import open_in_browser
+
class Command(fetch.Command):
def short_desc(self):
diff --git a/scrapy/contracts/default.py b/scrapy/contracts/default.py
index 24f6c2e77..3002fc702 100644
--- a/scrapy/contracts/default.py
+++ b/scrapy/contracts/default.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from scrapy.item import BaseItem
from scrapy.http import Request
from scrapy.exceptions import ContractFail
-from . import Contract
+from scrapy.contracts import Contract
# contracts
@@ -86,8 +86,8 @@ class ReturnsContract(Contract):
else:
expected = '%s..%s' % (self.min_bound, self.max_bound)
- raise ContractFail("Returned %s %s, expected %s" % \
- (occurrences, self.obj_name, expected))
+ raise ContractFail("Returned %s %s, expected %s" %
+ (occurrences, self.obj_name, expected))
class ScrapesContract(Contract):
diff --git a/scrapy/core/downloader/__init__.py b/scrapy/core/downloader/__init__.py
index 949dacbc8..157dc3418 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/downloader/__init__.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/downloader/__init__.py
@@ -1,19 +1,16 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import
import random
-import warnings
from time import time
from datetime import datetime
from collections import deque
-import six
from twisted.internet import reactor, defer, task
from scrapy.utils.defer import mustbe_deferred
from scrapy.utils.httpobj import urlparse_cached
from scrapy.resolver import dnscache
from scrapy import signals
-from .middleware import DownloaderMiddlewareManager
-from .handlers import DownloadHandlers
+from scrapy.core.downloader.middleware import DownloaderMiddlewareManager
+from scrapy.core.downloader.handlers import DownloadHandlers
class Slot(object):
@@ -190,7 +187,7 @@ class Downloader(object):
def close(self):
self._slot_gc_loop.stop()
- for slot in six.itervalues(self.slots):
+ for slot in self.slots.values():
slot.close()
def _slot_gc(self, age=60):
diff --git a/scrapy/core/downloader/contextfactory.py b/scrapy/core/downloader/contextfactory.py
index 89d2776ae..6e023ebcc 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/downloader/contextfactory.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/downloader/contextfactory.py
@@ -67,15 +67,18 @@ class BrowserLikeContextFactory(ScrapyClientContextFactory):
"""
Twisted-recommended context factory for web clients.
- Quoting https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/api/twisted.web.client.Agent.html:
- "The default is to use a BrowserLikePolicyForHTTPS,
- so unless you have special requirements you can leave this as-is."
+ Quoting the documentation of the :class:`~twisted.web.client.Agent` class:
- creatorForNetloc() is the same as BrowserLikePolicyForHTTPS
- except this context factory allows setting the TLS/SSL method to use.
+ The default is to use a
+ :class:`~twisted.web.client.BrowserLikePolicyForHTTPS`, so unless you
+ have special requirements you can leave this as-is.
- Default OpenSSL method is TLS_METHOD (also called SSLv23_METHOD)
- which allows TLS protocol negotiation.
+ :meth:`creatorForNetloc` is the same as
+ :class:`~twisted.web.client.BrowserLikePolicyForHTTPS` except this context
+ factory allows setting the TLS/SSL method to use.
+
+ The default OpenSSL method is ``TLS_METHOD`` (also called
+ ``SSLv23_METHOD``) which allows TLS protocol negotiation.
"""
def creatorForNetloc(self, hostname, port):
diff --git a/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/__init__.py b/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/__init__.py
index 0b55d32fa..39a0b1f51 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/__init__.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
"""Download handlers for different schemes"""
import logging
+
from twisted.internet import defer
-import six
+
from scrapy.exceptions import NotSupported, NotConfigured
from scrapy.utils.httpobj import urlparse_cached
from scrapy.utils.misc import load_object
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ class DownloadHandlers(object):
self._notconfigured = {} # remembers failed handlers
handlers = without_none_values(
crawler.settings.getwithbase('DOWNLOAD_HANDLERS'))
- for scheme, clspath in six.iteritems(handlers):
+ for scheme, clspath in handlers.items():
self._schemes[scheme] = clspath
self._load_handler(scheme, skip_lazy=True)
diff --git a/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/datauri.py b/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/datauri.py
index ad25beb3b..9e5020753 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/datauri.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/datauri.py
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ class DataURIDownloadHandler(object):
respcls = responsetypes.from_mimetype(uri.media_type)
resp_kwargs = {}
- if (issubclass(respcls, TextResponse) and
- uri.media_type.split('/')[0] == 'text'):
+ if (issubclass(respcls, TextResponse)
+ and uri.media_type.split('/')[0] == 'text'):
charset = uri.media_type_parameters.get('charset')
resp_kwargs['encoding'] = charset
diff --git a/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/ftp.py b/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/ftp.py
index 39ed67a1a..aef231e82 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/ftp.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/ftp.py
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ In case of status 200 request, response.headers will come with two keys:
import re
from io import BytesIO
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import unquote
+from urllib.parse import unquote
from twisted.internet import reactor
from twisted.protocols.ftp import FTPClient, CommandFailed
diff --git a/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http.py b/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http.py
index ac4b867c3..52535bd8b 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http.py
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
-from __future__ import absolute_import
-from .http10 import HTTP10DownloadHandler
-from .http11 import HTTP11DownloadHandler as HTTPDownloadHandler
+from scrapy.core.downloader.handlers.http10 import HTTP10DownloadHandler
+from scrapy.core.downloader.handlers.http11 import (
+ HTTP11DownloadHandler as HTTPDownloadHandler,
+)
diff --git a/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http11.py b/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http11.py
index 91b45a8fc..1212feb79 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http11.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/http11.py
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
import re
import logging
+import warnings
from io import BytesIO
from time import time
-import warnings
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import urldefrag
+from urllib.parse import urldefrag
from zope.interface import implementer
from twisted.internet import defer, reactor, protocol
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ from twisted.web.http import _DataLoss, PotentialDataLoss
from twisted.web.client import Agent, ResponseDone, HTTPConnectionPool, ResponseFailed, URI
from twisted.internet.endpoints import TCP4ClientEndpoint
+from scrapy.exceptions import ScrapyDeprecationWarning
from scrapy.http import Headers
from scrapy.responsetypes import responsetypes
from scrapy.core.downloader.webclient import _parse
@@ -174,7 +175,7 @@ def tunnel_request_data(host, port, proxy_auth_header=None):
r"""
Return binary content of a CONNECT request.
- >>> from scrapy.utils.python import to_native_str as s
+ >>> from scrapy.utils.python import to_unicode as s
>>> s(tunnel_request_data("example.com", 8080))
'CONNECT example.com:8080 HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: example.com:8080\r\n\r\n'
>>> s(tunnel_request_data("example.com", 8080, b"123"))
@@ -285,6 +286,12 @@ class ScrapyAgent(object):
scheme = _parse(request.url)[0]
proxyHost = to_unicode(proxyHost)
omitConnectTunnel = b'noconnect' in proxyParams
+ if omitConnectTunnel:
+ warnings.warn("Using HTTPS proxies in the noconnect mode is deprecated. "
+ "If you use Crawlera, it doesn't require this mode anymore, "
+ "so you should update scrapy-crawlera to 1.3.0+ "
+ "and remove '?noconnect' from the Crawlera URL.",
+ ScrapyDeprecationWarning)
if scheme == b'https' and not omitConnectTunnel:
proxyAuth = request.headers.get(b'Proxy-Authorization', None)
proxyConf = (proxyHost, proxyPort, proxyAuth)
diff --git a/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/s3.py b/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/s3.py
index d8bbdd326..d6fbd54ee 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/s3.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/downloader/handlers/s3.py
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import unquote
+from urllib.parse import unquote
from scrapy.exceptions import NotConfigured
from scrapy.utils.httpobj import urlparse_cached
from scrapy.utils.boto import is_botocore
-from .http import HTTPDownloadHandler
+from scrapy.core.downloader.handlers.http import HTTPDownloadHandler
def _get_boto_connection():
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ def _get_boto_connection():
return http_request.headers
try:
- import boto.auth
+ import boto.auth # noqa: F401
except ImportError:
_S3Connection = _v19_S3Connection
else:
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ def _get_boto_connection():
class S3DownloadHandler(object):
- def __init__(self, settings, aws_access_key_id=None, aws_secret_access_key=None, \
- httpdownloadhandler=HTTPDownloadHandler, **kw):
+ def __init__(self, settings, aws_access_key_id=None, aws_secret_access_key=None,
+ httpdownloadhandler=HTTPDownloadHandler, **kw):
if not aws_access_key_id:
aws_access_key_id = settings['AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID']
diff --git a/scrapy/core/downloader/middleware.py b/scrapy/core/downloader/middleware.py
index 7a6a4dfac..38608a429 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/downloader/middleware.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/downloader/middleware.py
@@ -3,8 +3,6 @@ Downloader Middleware manager
See documentation in docs/topics/downloader-middleware.rst
"""
-import six
-
from twisted.internet import defer
from scrapy.exceptions import _InvalidOutput
@@ -38,7 +36,7 @@ class DownloaderMiddlewareManager(MiddlewareManager):
response = yield method(request=request, spider=spider)
if response is not None and not isinstance(response, (Response, Request)):
raise _InvalidOutput('Middleware %s.process_request must return None, Response or Request, got %s' % \
- (six.get_method_self(method).__class__.__name__, response.__class__.__name__))
+ (method.__self__.__class__.__name__, response.__class__.__name__))
if response:
defer.returnValue(response)
defer.returnValue((yield download_func(request=request, spider=spider)))
@@ -53,7 +51,7 @@ class DownloaderMiddlewareManager(MiddlewareManager):
response = yield method(request=request, response=response, spider=spider)
if not isinstance(response, (Response, Request)):
raise _InvalidOutput('Middleware %s.process_response must return Response or Request, got %s' % \
- (six.get_method_self(method).__class__.__name__, type(response)))
+ (method.__self__.__class__.__name__, type(response)))
if isinstance(response, Request):
defer.returnValue(response)
defer.returnValue(response)
@@ -65,7 +63,7 @@ class DownloaderMiddlewareManager(MiddlewareManager):
response = yield method(request=request, exception=exception, spider=spider)
if response is not None and not isinstance(response, (Response, Request)):
raise _InvalidOutput('Middleware %s.process_exception must return None, Response or Request, got %s' % \
- (six.get_method_self(method).__class__.__name__, type(response)))
+ (method.__self__.__class__.__name__, type(response)))
if response:
defer.returnValue(response)
defer.returnValue(_failure)
diff --git a/scrapy/core/downloader/webclient.py b/scrapy/core/downloader/webclient.py
index 3fe13414a..fc796e8bb 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/downloader/webclient.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/downloader/webclient.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
from time import time
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import urlparse, urlunparse, urldefrag
+from urllib.parse import urlparse, urlunparse, urldefrag
from twisted.web.client import HTTPClientFactory
from twisted.web.http import HTTPClient
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ class ScrapyHTTPPageGetter(HTTPClient):
delimiter = b'\n'
def connectionMade(self):
- self.headers = Headers() # bucket for response headers
+ self.headers = Headers() # bucket for response headers
# Method command
self.sendCommand(self.factory.method, self.factory.path)
@@ -88,9 +88,9 @@ class ScrapyHTTPPageGetter(HTTPClient):
if self.factory.url.startswith(b'https'):
self.transport.stopProducing()
- self.factory.noPage(\
- defer.TimeoutError("Getting %s took longer than %s seconds." % \
- (self.factory.url, self.factory.timeout)))
+ self.factory.noPage(
+ defer.TimeoutError("Getting %s took longer than %s seconds." %
+ (self.factory.url, self.factory.timeout)))
class ScrapyHTTPClientFactory(HTTPClientFactory):
diff --git a/scrapy/core/engine.py b/scrapy/core/engine.py
index fa913e528..829e69993 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/engine.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/engine.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ class Slot(object):
def __init__(self, start_requests, close_if_idle, nextcall, scheduler):
self.closing = False
- self.inprogress = set() # requests in progress
+ self.inprogress = set() # requests in progress
self.start_requests = iter(start_requests)
self.close_if_idle = close_if_idle
self.nextcall = nextcall
diff --git a/scrapy/core/scraper.py b/scrapy/core/scraper.py
index 40de6b87a..b3d585cce 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/scraper.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/scraper.py
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ class Scraper(object):
callback/errback"""
assert isinstance(response, (Response, Failure))
- dfd = self._scrape2(response, request, spider) # returns spiders processed output
+ dfd = self._scrape2(response, request, spider) # returns spiders processed output
dfd.addErrback(self.handle_spider_error, request, response, spider)
dfd.addCallback(self.handle_spider_output, request, response, spider)
return dfd
@@ -231,9 +231,9 @@ class Scraper(object):
signal=signals.item_dropped, item=item, response=response,
spider=spider, exception=output.value)
else:
- logger.error('Error processing %(item)s', {'item': item},
- exc_info=failure_to_exc_info(output),
- extra={'spider': spider})
+ logkws = self.logformatter.error(item, ex, response, spider)
+ logger.log(*logformatter_adapter(logkws), extra={'spider': spider},
+ exc_info=failure_to_exc_info(output))
return self.signals.send_catch_log_deferred(
signal=signals.item_error, item=item, response=response,
spider=spider, failure=output)
diff --git a/scrapy/core/spidermw.py b/scrapy/core/spidermw.py
index b5f9837ff..097a374bf 100644
--- a/scrapy/core/spidermw.py
+++ b/scrapy/core/spidermw.py
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ See documentation in docs/topics/spider-middleware.rst
"""
from itertools import chain, islice
-import six
from twisted.python.failure import Failure
from scrapy.exceptions import _InvalidOutput
from scrapy.middleware import MiddlewareManager
@@ -36,16 +35,16 @@ class SpiderMiddlewareManager(MiddlewareManager):
self.methods['process_spider_exception'].appendleft(getattr(mw, 'process_spider_exception', None))
def scrape_response(self, scrape_func, response, request, spider):
- fname = lambda f:'%s.%s' % (
- six.get_method_self(f).__class__.__name__,
- six.get_method_function(f).__name__)
+ fname = lambda f: '%s.%s' % (
+ f.__self__.__class__.__name__,
+ f.__func__.__name__)
def process_spider_input(response):
for method in self.methods['process_spider_input']:
try:
result = method(response=response, spider=spider)
if result is not None:
- raise _InvalidOutput('Middleware {} must return None or raise an exception, got {}' \
+ raise _InvalidOutput('Middleware {} must return None or raise an exception, got {}'
.format(fname(method), type(result)))
except _InvalidOutput:
raise
@@ -70,7 +69,7 @@ class SpiderMiddlewareManager(MiddlewareManager):
elif result is None:
continue
else:
- raise _InvalidOutput('Middleware {} must return None or an iterable, got {}' \
+ raise _InvalidOutput('Middleware {} must return None or an iterable, got {}'
.format(fname(method), type(result)))
return _failure
@@ -104,7 +103,7 @@ class SpiderMiddlewareManager(MiddlewareManager):
if _isiterable(result):
result = evaluate_iterable(result, method_index)
else:
- raise _InvalidOutput('Middleware {} must return an iterable, got {}' \
+ raise _InvalidOutput('Middleware {} must return an iterable, got {}'
.format(fname(method), type(result)))
return chain(result, recovered)
diff --git a/scrapy/crawler.py b/scrapy/crawler.py
index ded3c082b..6c7eb737b 100644
--- a/scrapy/crawler.py
+++ b/scrapy/crawler.py
@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
-import six
-import signal
import logging
+import pprint
+import signal
import warnings
-import sys
from twisted.internet import reactor, defer
from zope.interface.verify import verifyClass, DoesNotImplement
@@ -22,6 +21,7 @@ from scrapy.utils.log import (
get_scrapy_root_handler, install_scrapy_root_handler)
from scrapy import signals
+
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ class Crawler(object):
logging.root.addHandler(handler)
d = dict(overridden_settings(self.settings))
- logger.info("Overridden settings: %(settings)r", {'settings': d})
+ logger.info("Overridden settings:\n%(settings)s",
+ {'settings': pprint.pformat(d)})
if get_scrapy_root_handler() is not None:
# scrapy root handler already installed: update it with new settings
@@ -88,20 +89,9 @@ class Crawler(object):
yield self.engine.open_spider(self.spider, start_requests)
yield defer.maybeDeferred(self.engine.start)
except Exception:
- # In Python 2 reraising an exception after yield discards
- # the original traceback (see https://bugs.python.org/issue7563),
- # so sys.exc_info() workaround is used.
- # This workaround also works in Python 3, but it is not needed,
- # and it is slower, so in Python 3 we use native `raise`.
- if six.PY2:
- exc_info = sys.exc_info()
-
self.crawling = False
if self.engine is not None:
yield self.engine.close()
-
- if six.PY2:
- six.reraise(*exc_info)
raise
def _create_spider(self, *args, **kwargs):
@@ -122,7 +112,7 @@ class Crawler(object):
class CrawlerRunner(object):
"""
This is a convenient helper class that keeps track of, manages and runs
- crawlers inside an already setup Twisted `reactor`_.
+ crawlers inside an already setup :mod:`~twisted.internet.reactor`.
The CrawlerRunner object must be instantiated with a
:class:`~scrapy.settings.Settings` object.
@@ -216,7 +206,7 @@ class CrawlerRunner(object):
return self._create_crawler(crawler_or_spidercls)
def _create_crawler(self, spidercls):
- if isinstance(spidercls, six.string_types):
+ if isinstance(spidercls, str):
spidercls = self.spider_loader.load(spidercls)
return Crawler(spidercls, self.settings)
@@ -245,12 +235,13 @@ class CrawlerProcess(CrawlerRunner):
A class to run multiple scrapy crawlers in a process simultaneously.
This class extends :class:`~scrapy.crawler.CrawlerRunner` by adding support
- for starting a Twisted `reactor`_ and handling shutdown signals, like the
- keyboard interrupt command Ctrl-C. It also configures top-level logging.
+ for starting a :mod:`~twisted.internet.reactor` and handling shutdown
+ signals, like the keyboard interrupt command Ctrl-C. It also configures
+ top-level logging.
This utility should be a better fit than
:class:`~scrapy.crawler.CrawlerRunner` if you aren't running another
- Twisted `reactor`_ within your application.
+ :mod:`~twisted.internet.reactor` within your application.
The CrawlerProcess object must be instantiated with a
:class:`~scrapy.settings.Settings` object.
@@ -285,9 +276,9 @@ class CrawlerProcess(CrawlerRunner):
def start(self, stop_after_crawl=True):
"""
- This method starts a Twisted `reactor`_, adjusts its pool size to
- :setting:`REACTOR_THREADPOOL_MAXSIZE`, and installs a DNS cache based
- on :setting:`DNSCACHE_ENABLED` and :setting:`DNSCACHE_SIZE`.
+ This method starts a :mod:`~twisted.internet.reactor`, adjusts its pool
+ size to :setting:`REACTOR_THREADPOOL_MAXSIZE`, and installs a DNS cache
+ based on :setting:`DNSCACHE_ENABLED` and :setting:`DNSCACHE_SIZE`.
If ``stop_after_crawl`` is True, the reactor will be stopped after all
crawlers have finished, using :meth:`join`.
diff --git a/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/ajaxcrawl.py b/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/ajaxcrawl.py
index 72715dba7..7a140fcad 100644
--- a/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/ajaxcrawl.py
+++ b/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/ajaxcrawl.py
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-from __future__ import absolute_import
import re
import logging
-import six
from w3lib import html
from scrapy.exceptions import NotConfigured
@@ -67,7 +65,9 @@ class AjaxCrawlMiddleware(object):
# XXX: move it to w3lib?
-_ajax_crawlable_re = re.compile(six.u(r''))
+_ajax_crawlable_re = re.compile(r'')
+
+
def _has_ajaxcrawlable_meta(text):
"""
>>> _has_ajaxcrawlable_meta('')
diff --git a/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/cookies.py b/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/cookies.py
index 321c0171b..d8dabdf13 100644
--- a/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/cookies.py
+++ b/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/cookies.py
@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
-import os
-import six
import logging
from collections import defaultdict
from scrapy.exceptions import NotConfigured
from scrapy.http import Response
from scrapy.http.cookies import CookieJar
-from scrapy.utils.python import to_native_str
+from scrapy.utils.python import to_unicode
+
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -53,7 +52,7 @@ class CookiesMiddleware(object):
def _debug_cookie(self, request, spider):
if self.debug:
- cl = [to_native_str(c, errors='replace')
+ cl = [to_unicode(c, errors='replace')
for c in request.headers.getlist('Cookie')]
if cl:
cookies = "\n".join("Cookie: {}\n".format(c) for c in cl)
@@ -62,7 +61,7 @@ class CookiesMiddleware(object):
def _debug_set_cookie(self, response, spider):
if self.debug:
- cl = [to_native_str(c, errors='replace')
+ cl = [to_unicode(c, errors='replace')
for c in response.headers.getlist('Set-Cookie')]
if cl:
cookies = "\n".join("Set-Cookie: {}\n".format(c) for c in cl)
@@ -82,8 +81,10 @@ class CookiesMiddleware(object):
def _get_request_cookies(self, jar, request):
if isinstance(request.cookies, dict):
- cookie_list = [{'name': k, 'value': v} for k, v in \
- six.iteritems(request.cookies)]
+ cookie_list = [
+ {'name': k, 'value': v}
+ for k, v in request.cookies.items()
+ ]
else:
cookie_list = request.cookies
diff --git a/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/decompression.py b/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/decompression.py
index 49313cc04..fcea38ef5 100644
--- a/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/decompression.py
+++ b/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/decompression.py
@@ -4,20 +4,15 @@ and extract the potentially compressed responses that may arrive.
import bz2
import gzip
-import zipfile
-import tarfile
import logging
+import tarfile
+import zipfile
+from io import BytesIO
from tempfile import mktemp
-import six
-
-try:
- from cStringIO import StringIO as BytesIO
-except ImportError:
- from io import BytesIO
-
from scrapy.responsetypes import responsetypes
+
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -79,7 +74,7 @@ class DecompressionMiddleware(object):
if not response.body:
return response
- for fmt, func in six.iteritems(self._formats):
+ for fmt, func in self._formats.items():
new_response = func(response)
if new_response:
logger.debug('Decompressed response with format: %(responsefmt)s',
diff --git a/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/httpcache.py b/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/httpcache.py
index 495b103d1..4e06f8236 100644
--- a/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/httpcache.py
+++ b/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/httpcache.py
@@ -1,11 +1,19 @@
from email.utils import formatdate
+
from twisted.internet import defer
-from twisted.internet.error import TimeoutError, DNSLookupError, \
- ConnectionRefusedError, ConnectionDone, ConnectError, \
- ConnectionLost, TCPTimedOutError
+from twisted.internet.error import (
+ ConnectError,
+ ConnectionDone,
+ ConnectionLost,
+ ConnectionRefusedError,
+ DNSLookupError,
+ TCPTimedOutError,
+ TimeoutError,
+)
from twisted.web.client import ResponseFailed
+
from scrapy import signals
-from scrapy.exceptions import NotConfigured, IgnoreRequest
+from scrapy.exceptions import IgnoreRequest, NotConfigured
from scrapy.utils.misc import load_object
diff --git a/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/httpcompression.py b/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/httpcompression.py
index 203dee42d..65b652953 100644
--- a/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/httpcompression.py
+++ b/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/httpcompression.py
@@ -37,8 +37,9 @@ class HttpCompressionMiddleware(object):
if content_encoding:
encoding = content_encoding.pop()
decoded_body = self._decode(response.body, encoding.lower())
- respcls = responsetypes.from_args(headers=response.headers, \
- url=response.url, body=decoded_body)
+ respcls = responsetypes.from_args(
+ headers=response.headers, url=response.url, body=decoded_body
+ )
kwargs = dict(cls=respcls, body=decoded_body)
if issubclass(respcls, TextResponse):
# force recalculating the encoding until we make sure the
diff --git a/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/httpproxy.py b/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/httpproxy.py
index 2c35d1b90..814ce78fe 100644
--- a/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/httpproxy.py
+++ b/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/httpproxy.py
@@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
import base64
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import unquote, urlunparse
-from six.moves.urllib.request import getproxies, proxy_bypass
-try:
- from urllib2 import _parse_proxy
-except ImportError:
- from urllib.request import _parse_proxy
+from urllib.parse import unquote, urlunparse
+from urllib.request import getproxies, proxy_bypass, _parse_proxy
from scrapy.exceptions import NotConfigured
from scrapy.utils.httpobj import urlparse_cached
diff --git a/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/redirect.py b/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/redirect.py
index b73f864dd..77cb5aa94 100644
--- a/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/redirect.py
+++ b/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/redirect.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
import logging
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import urljoin, urlparse
+from urllib.parse import urljoin, urlparse
from w3lib.url import safe_url_string
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ from scrapy.http import HtmlResponse
from scrapy.utils.response import get_meta_refresh
from scrapy.exceptions import IgnoreRequest, NotConfigured
+
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
diff --git a/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/robotstxt.py b/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/robotstxt.py
index 6a5dfb79c..251706c50 100644
--- a/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/robotstxt.py
+++ b/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/robotstxt.py
@@ -5,15 +5,12 @@ enable this middleware and enable the ROBOTSTXT_OBEY setting.
"""
import logging
-import sys
-import re
from twisted.internet.defer import Deferred, maybeDeferred
from scrapy.exceptions import NotConfigured, IgnoreRequest
from scrapy.http import Request
from scrapy.utils.httpobj import urlparse_cached
from scrapy.utils.log import failure_to_exc_info
-from scrapy.utils.python import to_native_str
from scrapy.utils.misc import load_object
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
diff --git a/scrapy/dupefilters.py b/scrapy/dupefilters.py
index 0bcdd3495..ea6a4cfc3 100644
--- a/scrapy/dupefilters.py
+++ b/scrapy/dupefilters.py
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-from __future__ import print_function
import os
import logging
from scrapy.utils.job import job_dir
from scrapy.utils.request import referer_str, request_fingerprint
+
class BaseDupeFilter(object):
@classmethod
diff --git a/scrapy/exceptions.py b/scrapy/exceptions.py
index 96949bdd9..7c4bb3d00 100644
--- a/scrapy/exceptions.py
+++ b/scrapy/exceptions.py
@@ -7,10 +7,12 @@ new exceptions here without documenting them there.
# Internal
+
class NotConfigured(Exception):
"""Indicates a missing configuration situation"""
pass
+
class _InvalidOutput(TypeError):
"""
Indicates an invalid value has been returned by a middleware's processing method.
@@ -18,15 +20,19 @@ class _InvalidOutput(TypeError):
"""
pass
+
# HTTP and crawling
+
class IgnoreRequest(Exception):
"""Indicates a decision was made not to process a request"""
+
class DontCloseSpider(Exception):
"""Request the spider not to be closed yet"""
pass
+
class CloseSpider(Exception):
"""Raise this from callbacks to request the spider to be closed"""
@@ -34,30 +40,37 @@ class CloseSpider(Exception):
super(CloseSpider, self).__init__()
self.reason = reason
+
# Items
+
class DropItem(Exception):
"""Drop item from the item pipeline"""
pass
+
class NotSupported(Exception):
"""Indicates a feature or method is not supported"""
pass
+
# Commands
+
class UsageError(Exception):
"""To indicate a command-line usage error"""
def __init__(self, *a, **kw):
self.print_help = kw.pop('print_help', True)
super(UsageError, self).__init__(*a, **kw)
+
class ScrapyDeprecationWarning(Warning):
"""Warning category for deprecated features, since the default
DeprecationWarning is silenced on Python 2.7+
"""
pass
+
class ContractFail(AssertionError):
"""Error raised in case of a failing contract"""
pass
diff --git a/scrapy/exporters.py b/scrapy/exporters.py
index 6fc87ed18..5bf131312 100644
--- a/scrapy/exporters.py
+++ b/scrapy/exporters.py
@@ -4,18 +4,16 @@ Item Exporters are used to export/serialize items into different formats.
import csv
import io
-import sys
import pprint
import marshal
-import six
-from six.moves import cPickle as pickle
+import warnings
+import pickle
from xml.sax.saxutils import XMLGenerator
from scrapy.utils.serialize import ScrapyJSONEncoder
-from scrapy.utils.python import to_bytes, to_unicode, to_native_str, is_listlike
+from scrapy.utils.python import to_bytes, to_unicode, is_listlike
from scrapy.item import BaseItem
from scrapy.exceptions import ScrapyDeprecationWarning
-import warnings
__all__ = ['BaseItemExporter', 'PprintItemExporter', 'PickleItemExporter',
@@ -31,7 +29,7 @@ class BaseItemExporter(object):
def _configure(self, options, dont_fail=False):
"""Configure the exporter by poping options from the ``options`` dict.
If dont_fail is set, it won't raise an exception on unexpected options
- (useful for using with keyword arguments in subclasses constructors)
+ (useful for using with keyword arguments in subclasses ``__init__`` methods)
"""
self.encoding = options.pop('encoding', None)
self.fields_to_export = options.pop('fields_to_export', None)
@@ -61,9 +59,9 @@ class BaseItemExporter(object):
include_empty = self.export_empty_fields
if self.fields_to_export is None:
if include_empty and not isinstance(item, dict):
- field_iter = six.iterkeys(item.fields)
+ field_iter = item.fields.keys()
else:
- field_iter = six.iterkeys(item)
+ field_iter = item.keys()
else:
if include_empty:
field_iter = self.fields_to_export
@@ -143,11 +141,11 @@ class XmlItemExporter(BaseItemExporter):
def _beautify_newline(self, new_item=False):
if self.indent is not None and (self.indent > 0 or new_item):
- self._xg_characters('\n')
+ self.xg.characters('\n')
def _beautify_indent(self, depth=1):
if self.indent:
- self._xg_characters(' ' * self.indent * depth)
+ self.xg.characters(' ' * self.indent * depth)
def start_exporting(self):
self.xg.startDocument()
@@ -181,27 +179,13 @@ class XmlItemExporter(BaseItemExporter):
for value in serialized_value:
self._export_xml_field('value', value, depth=depth+1)
self._beautify_indent(depth=depth)
- elif isinstance(serialized_value, six.text_type):
- self._xg_characters(serialized_value)
+ elif isinstance(serialized_value, str):
+ self.xg.characters(serialized_value)
else:
- self._xg_characters(str(serialized_value))
+ self.xg.characters(str(serialized_value))
self.xg.endElement(name)
self._beautify_newline()
- # Workaround for https://bugs.python.org/issue17606
- # Before Python 2.7.4 xml.sax.saxutils required bytes;
- # since 2.7.4 it requires unicode. The bug is likely to be
- # fixed in 2.7.6, but 2.7.6 will still support unicode,
- # and Python 3.x will require unicode, so ">= 2.7.4" should be fine.
- if sys.version_info[:3] >= (2, 7, 4):
- def _xg_characters(self, serialized_value):
- if not isinstance(serialized_value, six.text_type):
- serialized_value = serialized_value.decode(self.encoding)
- return self.xg.characters(serialized_value)
- else: # pragma: no cover
- def _xg_characters(self, serialized_value):
- return self.xg.characters(serialized_value)
-
class CsvItemExporter(BaseItemExporter):
@@ -215,8 +199,8 @@ class CsvItemExporter(BaseItemExporter):
line_buffering=False,
write_through=True,
encoding=self.encoding,
- newline='' # Windows needs this https://github.com/scrapy/scrapy/issues/3034
- ) if six.PY3 else file
+ newline='' # Windows needs this https://github.com/scrapy/scrapy/issues/3034
+ )
self.csv_writer = csv.writer(self.stream, **kwargs)
self._headers_not_written = True
self._join_multivalued = join_multivalued
@@ -246,7 +230,7 @@ class CsvItemExporter(BaseItemExporter):
def _build_row(self, values):
for s in values:
try:
- yield to_native_str(s, self.encoding)
+ yield to_unicode(s, self.encoding)
except TypeError:
yield s
@@ -334,12 +318,12 @@ class PythonItemExporter(BaseItemExporter):
if is_listlike(value):
return [self._serialize_value(v) for v in value]
encode_func = to_bytes if self.binary else to_unicode
- if isinstance(value, (six.text_type, bytes)):
+ if isinstance(value, (str, bytes)):
return encode_func(value, encoding=self.encoding)
return value
def _serialize_dict(self, value):
- for key, val in six.iteritems(value):
+ for key, val in value.items():
key = to_bytes(key) if self.binary else key
yield key, self._serialize_value(val)
diff --git a/scrapy/extension.py b/scrapy/extension.py
index e39e456fa..050b87e5f 100644
--- a/scrapy/extension.py
+++ b/scrapy/extension.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ See documentation in docs/topics/extensions.rst
from scrapy.middleware import MiddlewareManager
from scrapy.utils.conf import build_component_list
+
class ExtensionManager(MiddlewareManager):
component_name = 'extension'
diff --git a/scrapy/extensions/closespider.py b/scrapy/extensions/closespider.py
index 9ccf356ec..afb2ed049 100644
--- a/scrapy/extensions/closespider.py
+++ b/scrapy/extensions/closespider.py
@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@ class CloseSpider(object):
self.crawler.engine.close_spider(spider, 'closespider_pagecount')
def spider_opened(self, spider):
- self.task = reactor.callLater(self.close_on['timeout'], \
- self.crawler.engine.close_spider, spider, \
- reason='closespider_timeout')
+ self.task = reactor.callLater(self.close_on['timeout'],
+ self.crawler.engine.close_spider, spider,
+ reason='closespider_timeout')
def item_scraped(self, item, spider):
self.counter['itemcount'] += 1
diff --git a/scrapy/extensions/feedexport.py b/scrapy/extensions/feedexport.py
index 6fb6397b1..11a63ced2 100644
--- a/scrapy/extensions/feedexport.py
+++ b/scrapy/extensions/feedexport.py
@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@ import logging
import posixpath
from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
from datetime import datetime
-import six
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import urlparse, unquote
+from urllib.parse import urlparse, unquote
from ftplib import FTP
from zope.interface import Interface, implementer
@@ -65,7 +64,7 @@ class StdoutFeedStorage(object):
def __init__(self, uri, _stdout=None):
if not _stdout:
- _stdout = sys.stdout if six.PY2 else sys.stdout.buffer
+ _stdout = sys.stdout.buffer
self._stdout = _stdout
def open(self, spider):
@@ -199,9 +198,9 @@ class FeedExporter(object):
def __init__(self, settings):
self.settings = settings
- self.urifmt = settings['FEED_URI']
- if not self.urifmt:
+ if not settings['FEED_URI']:
raise NotConfigured
+ self.urifmt = str(settings['FEED_URI'])
self.format = settings['FEED_FORMAT'].lower()
self.export_encoding = settings['FEED_EXPORT_ENCODING']
self.storages = self._load_components('FEED_STORAGES')
diff --git a/scrapy/extensions/httpcache.py b/scrapy/extensions/httpcache.py
index f3fabf710..91850683f 100644
--- a/scrapy/extensions/httpcache.py
+++ b/scrapy/extensions/httpcache.py
@@ -1,23 +1,19 @@
-from __future__ import print_function
-
import gzip
import logging
import os
+import pickle
from email.utils import mktime_tz, parsedate_tz
from importlib import import_module
from time import time
-from warnings import warn
from weakref import WeakKeyDictionary
-from six.moves import cPickle as pickle
from w3lib.http import headers_raw_to_dict, headers_dict_to_raw
-from scrapy.exceptions import ScrapyDeprecationWarning
from scrapy.http import Headers, Response
from scrapy.responsetypes import responsetypes
from scrapy.utils.httpobj import urlparse_cached
from scrapy.utils.project import data_path
-from scrapy.utils.python import to_bytes, to_unicode, garbage_collect
+from scrapy.utils.python import to_bytes, to_unicode
from scrapy.utils.request import request_fingerprint
diff --git a/scrapy/extensions/memdebug.py b/scrapy/extensions/memdebug.py
index 263d8ce4c..892aa8a86 100644
--- a/scrapy/extensions/memdebug.py
+++ b/scrapy/extensions/memdebug.py
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ See documentation in docs/topics/extensions.rst
"""
import gc
-import six
from scrapy import signals
from scrapy.exceptions import NotConfigured
@@ -28,7 +27,7 @@ class MemoryDebugger(object):
def spider_closed(self, spider, reason):
gc.collect()
self.stats.set_value('memdebug/gc_garbage_count', len(gc.garbage), spider=spider)
- for cls, wdict in six.iteritems(live_refs):
+ for cls, wdict in live_refs.items():
if not wdict:
continue
self.stats.set_value('memdebug/live_refs/%s' % cls.__name__, len(wdict), spider=spider)
diff --git a/scrapy/extensions/spiderstate.py b/scrapy/extensions/spiderstate.py
index 2220cbd8f..2c8e46914 100644
--- a/scrapy/extensions/spiderstate.py
+++ b/scrapy/extensions/spiderstate.py
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
import os
-from six.moves import cPickle as pickle
+import pickle
from scrapy import signals
from scrapy.exceptions import NotConfigured
from scrapy.utils.job import job_dir
+
class SpiderState(object):
"""Store and load spider state during a scraping job"""
diff --git a/scrapy/http/cookies.py b/scrapy/http/cookies.py
index 4e8056750..0903fd4f8 100644
--- a/scrapy/http/cookies.py
+++ b/scrapy/http/cookies.py
@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
import time
-from six.moves.http_cookiejar import (
- CookieJar as _CookieJar, DefaultCookiePolicy, IPV4_RE
-)
+from http.cookiejar import CookieJar as _CookieJar, DefaultCookiePolicy, IPV4_RE
+
from scrapy.utils.httpobj import urlparse_cached
-from scrapy.utils.python import to_native_str
+from scrapy.utils.python import to_unicode
class CookieJar(object):
@@ -165,13 +164,13 @@ class WrappedRequest(object):
return name in self.request.headers
def get_header(self, name, default=None):
- return to_native_str(self.request.headers.get(name, default),
- errors='replace')
+ return to_unicode(self.request.headers.get(name, default),
+ errors='replace')
def header_items(self):
return [
- (to_native_str(k, errors='replace'),
- [to_native_str(x, errors='replace') for x in v])
+ (to_unicode(k, errors='replace'),
+ [to_unicode(x, errors='replace') for x in v])
for k, v in self.request.headers.items()
]
@@ -189,7 +188,7 @@ class WrappedResponse(object):
# python3 cookiejars calls get_all
def get_all(self, name, default=None):
- return [to_native_str(v, errors='replace')
+ return [to_unicode(v, errors='replace')
for v in self.response.headers.getlist(name)]
# python2 cookiejars calls getheaders
getheaders = get_all
diff --git a/scrapy/http/headers.py b/scrapy/http/headers.py
index f3b46b994..dcaaeddfa 100644
--- a/scrapy/http/headers.py
+++ b/scrapy/http/headers.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import six
from w3lib.http import headers_dict_to_raw
from scrapy.utils.datatypes import CaselessDict
from scrapy.utils.python import to_unicode
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@ class Headers(CaselessDict):
"""Normalize values to bytes"""
if value is None:
value = []
- elif isinstance(value, (six.text_type, bytes)):
+ elif isinstance(value, (str, bytes)):
value = [value]
elif not hasattr(value, '__iter__'):
value = [value]
@@ -29,10 +28,10 @@ class Headers(CaselessDict):
def _tobytes(self, x):
if isinstance(x, bytes):
return x
- elif isinstance(x, six.text_type):
+ elif isinstance(x, str):
return x.encode(self.encoding)
elif isinstance(x, int):
- return six.text_type(x).encode(self.encoding)
+ return str(x).encode(self.encoding)
else:
raise TypeError('Unsupported value type: {}'.format(type(x)))
@@ -68,9 +67,6 @@ class Headers(CaselessDict):
self[key] = lst
def items(self):
- return list(self.iteritems())
-
- def iteritems(self):
return ((k, self.getlist(k)) for k in self.keys())
def values(self):
diff --git a/scrapy/http/request/__init__.py b/scrapy/http/request/__init__.py
index d09eaf849..b5c8e1a9a 100644
--- a/scrapy/http/request/__init__.py
+++ b/scrapy/http/request/__init__.py
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ requests in Scrapy.
See documentation in docs/topics/request-response.rst
"""
-import six
from w3lib.url import safe_url_string
from scrapy.http.headers import Headers
@@ -60,13 +59,13 @@ class Request(object_ref):
return self._url
def _set_url(self, url):
- if not isinstance(url, six.string_types):
+ if not isinstance(url, str):
raise TypeError('Request url must be str or unicode, got %s:' % type(url).__name__)
s = safe_url_string(url, self.encoding)
self._url = escape_ajax(s)
- if ':' not in self._url:
+ if ('://' not in self._url) and (not self._url.startswith('data:')):
raise ValueError('Missing scheme in request url: %s' % self._url)
url = property(_get_url, obsolete_setter(_set_url, 'url'))
diff --git a/scrapy/http/request/form.py b/scrapy/http/request/form.py
index 3ce8fc48e..af02c8484 100644
--- a/scrapy/http/request/form.py
+++ b/scrapy/http/request/form.py
@@ -5,8 +5,7 @@ This module implements the FormRequest class which is a more convenient class
See documentation in docs/topics/request-response.rst
"""
-import six
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import urljoin, urlencode
+from urllib.parse import urljoin, urlencode
import lxml.html
from parsel.selector import create_root_node
@@ -104,8 +103,7 @@ def _get_form(response, formname, formid, formnumber, formxpath):
el = el.getparent()
if el is None:
break
- encoded = formxpath if six.PY3 else formxpath.encode('unicode_escape')
- raise ValueError('No """)
- req = self.request_class.from_response(response, \
- clickdata={u'name': u'price in \u00a3'})
+ req = self.request_class.from_response(
+ response, clickdata={u'name': u'price in \u00a3'}
+ )
fs = _qs(req, to_unicode=True)
self.assertTrue(fs[u'price in \u00a3'])
@@ -705,8 +703,9 @@ class FormRequestTest(RequestTest):
""",
encoding='latin1')
- req = self.request_class.from_response(response, \
- clickdata={u'name': u'price in \u00a5'})
+ req = self.request_class.from_response(
+ response, clickdata={u'name': u'price in \u00a5'}
+ )
fs = _qs(req, to_unicode=True, encoding='latin1')
self.assertTrue(fs[u'price in \u00a5'])
@@ -721,8 +720,9 @@ class FormRequestTest(RequestTest):
""")
- req = self.request_class.from_response(response, formname='form2', \
- clickdata={u'name': u'clickable'})
+ req = self.request_class.from_response(
+ response, formname='form2', clickdata={u'name': u'clickable'}
+ )
fs = _qs(req)
self.assertEqual(fs[b'clickable'], [b'clicked2'])
self.assertEqual(fs[b'field2'], [b'value2'])
@@ -730,8 +730,9 @@ class FormRequestTest(RequestTest):
def test_from_response_override_clickable(self):
response = _buildresponse('''