""" Scrapy engine tests This starts a testing web server (using twisted.server.Site) and then crawls it with the Scrapy crawler. To view the testing web server in a browser you can start it by running this module with the ``runserver`` argument:: python test_engine.py runserver """ import re import subprocess import sys from collections import defaultdict from dataclasses import dataclass from logging import DEBUG from pathlib import Path from threading import Timer from unittest.mock import Mock from urllib.parse import urlparse import attr from itemadapter import ItemAdapter from pydispatch import dispatcher from twisted.internet import defer, reactor from twisted.trial import unittest from twisted.web import server, static, util from scrapy import signals from scrapy.core.engine import ExecutionEngine, _Slot from scrapy.core.scheduler import BaseScheduler from scrapy.exceptions import CloseSpider, IgnoreRequest from scrapy.http import Request from scrapy.item import Field, Item from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor from scrapy.signals import request_scheduled from scrapy.spiders import Spider from scrapy.utils.signal import disconnect_all from scrapy.utils.test import get_crawler from tests import get_testdata, tests_datadir class MyItem(Item): name = Field() url = Field() price = Field() @attr.s class AttrsItem: name = attr.ib(default="") url = attr.ib(default="") price = attr.ib(default=0) @dataclass class DataClassItem: name: str = "" url: str = "" price: int = 0 class MySpider(Spider): name = "scrapytest.org" allowed_domains = ["scrapytest.org", "localhost"] itemurl_re = re.compile(r"item\d+.html") name_re = re.compile(r"

(.*?)

", re.MULTILINE) price_re = re.compile(r">Price: \$(.*?)<", re.MULTILINE) item_cls: type = MyItem def parse(self, response): xlink = LinkExtractor() itemre = re.compile(self.itemurl_re) for link in xlink.extract_links(response): if itemre.search(link.url): yield Request(url=link.url, callback=self.parse_item) def parse_item(self, response): adapter = ItemAdapter(self.item_cls()) m = self.name_re.search(response.text) if m: adapter["name"] = m.group(1) adapter["url"] = response.url m = self.price_re.search(response.text) if m: adapter["price"] = m.group(1) return adapter.item class DupeFilterSpider(MySpider): async def start(self): for url in self.start_urls: yield Request(url) # no dont_filter=True class DictItemsSpider(MySpider): item_cls = dict class AttrsItemsSpider(MySpider): item_cls = AttrsItem class DataClassItemsSpider(MySpider): item_cls = DataClassItem class ItemZeroDivisionErrorSpider(MySpider): custom_settings = { "ITEM_PIPELINES": { "tests.pipelines.ProcessWithZeroDivisionErrorPipeline": 300, } } class ChangeCloseReasonSpider(MySpider): @classmethod def from_crawler(cls, crawler, *args, **kwargs): spider = cls(*args, **kwargs) spider._set_crawler(crawler) crawler.signals.connect(spider.spider_idle, signals.spider_idle) return spider def spider_idle(self): raise CloseSpider(reason="custom_reason") def start_test_site(debug=False): root_dir = Path(tests_datadir, "test_site") r = static.File(str(root_dir)) r.putChild(b"redirect", util.Redirect(b"/redirected")) r.putChild(b"redirected", static.Data(b"Redirected here", "text/plain")) numbers = [str(x).encode("utf8") for x in range(2**18)] r.putChild(b"numbers", static.Data(b"".join(numbers), "text/plain")) port = reactor.listenTCP(0, server.Site(r), interface="127.0.0.1") if debug: print( f"Test server running at http://localhost:{port.getHost().port}/ " "- hit Ctrl-C to finish." ) return port class CrawlerRun: """A class to run the crawler and keep track of events occurred""" def __init__(self, spider_class): self.respplug = [] self.reqplug = [] self.reqdropped = [] self.reqreached = [] self.itemerror = [] self.itemresp = [] self.headers = {} self.bytes = defaultdict(list) self.signals_caught = {} self.spider_class = spider_class def run(self): self.port = start_test_site() self.portno = self.port.getHost().port start_urls = [ self.geturl("/"), self.geturl("/redirect"), self.geturl("/redirect"), # duplicate self.geturl("/numbers"), ] for name, signal in vars(signals).items(): if not name.startswith("_"): dispatcher.connect(self.record_signal, signal) self.crawler = get_crawler(self.spider_class) self.crawler.signals.connect(self.item_scraped, signals.item_scraped) self.crawler.signals.connect(self.item_error, signals.item_error) self.crawler.signals.connect(self.headers_received, signals.headers_received) self.crawler.signals.connect(self.bytes_received, signals.bytes_received) self.crawler.signals.connect(self.request_scheduled, signals.request_scheduled) self.crawler.signals.connect(self.request_dropped, signals.request_dropped) self.crawler.signals.connect( self.request_reached, signals.request_reached_downloader ) self.crawler.signals.connect( self.response_downloaded, signals.response_downloaded ) self.crawler.crawl(start_urls=start_urls) self.deferred = defer.Deferred() dispatcher.connect(self.stop, signals.engine_stopped) return self.deferred def stop(self): self.port.stopListening() # FIXME: wait for this Deferred for name, signal in vars(signals).items(): if not name.startswith("_"): disconnect_all(signal) self.deferred.callback(None) return self.crawler.stop() def geturl(self, path): return f"http://localhost:{self.portno}{path}" def getpath(self, url): u = urlparse(url) return u.path def item_error(self, item, response, spider, failure): self.itemerror.append((item, response, spider, failure)) def item_scraped(self, item, spider, response): self.itemresp.append((item, response)) def headers_received(self, headers, body_length, request, spider): self.headers[request] = headers def bytes_received(self, data, request, spider): self.bytes[request].append(data) def request_scheduled(self, request, spider): self.reqplug.append((request, spider)) def request_reached(self, request, spider): self.reqreached.append((request, spider)) def request_dropped(self, request, spider): self.reqdropped.append((request, spider)) def response_downloaded(self, response, spider): self.respplug.append((response, spider)) def record_signal(self, *args, **kwargs): """Record a signal and its parameters""" signalargs = kwargs.copy() sig = signalargs.pop("signal") signalargs.pop("sender", None) self.signals_caught[sig] = signalargs class TestEngineBase(unittest.TestCase): @staticmethod def _assert_visited_urls(run: CrawlerRun) -> None: must_be_visited = [ "/", "/redirect", "/redirected", "/item1.html", "/item2.html", "/item999.html", ] urls_visited = {rp[0].url for rp in run.respplug} urls_expected = {run.geturl(p) for p in must_be_visited} assert urls_expected <= urls_visited, ( f"URLs not visited: {list(urls_expected - urls_visited)}" ) @staticmethod def _assert_scheduled_requests(run: CrawlerRun, count: int) -> None: assert len(run.reqplug) == count paths_expected = ["/item999.html", "/item2.html", "/item1.html"] urls_requested = {rq[0].url for rq in run.reqplug} urls_expected = {run.geturl(p) for p in paths_expected} assert urls_expected <= urls_requested scheduled_requests_count = len(run.reqplug) dropped_requests_count = len(run.reqdropped) responses_count = len(run.respplug) assert scheduled_requests_count == dropped_requests_count + responses_count assert len(run.reqreached) == responses_count @staticmethod def _assert_dropped_requests(run: CrawlerRun) -> None: assert len(run.reqdropped) == 1 @staticmethod def _assert_downloaded_responses(run: CrawlerRun, count: int) -> None: # response tests assert len(run.respplug) == count assert len(run.reqreached) == count for response, _ in run.respplug: if run.getpath(response.url) == "/item999.html": assert response.status == 404 if run.getpath(response.url) == "/redirect": assert response.status == 302 @staticmethod def _assert_items_error(run: CrawlerRun) -> None: assert len(run.itemerror) == 2 for item, response, spider, failure in run.itemerror: assert failure.value.__class__ is ZeroDivisionError assert spider == run.crawler.spider assert item["url"] == response.url if "item1.html" in item["url"]: assert item["name"] == "Item 1 name" assert item["price"] == "100" if "item2.html" in item["url"]: assert item["name"] == "Item 2 name" assert item["price"] == "200" @staticmethod def _assert_scraped_items(run: CrawlerRun) -> None: assert len(run.itemresp) == 2 for item, response in run.itemresp: item = ItemAdapter(item) assert item["url"] == response.url if "item1.html" in item["url"]: assert item["name"] == "Item 1 name" assert item["price"] == "100" if "item2.html" in item["url"]: assert item["name"] == "Item 2 name" assert item["price"] == "200" @staticmethod def _assert_headers_received(run: CrawlerRun) -> None: for headers in run.headers.values(): assert b"Server" in headers assert b"TwistedWeb" in headers[b"Server"] assert b"Date" in headers assert b"Content-Type" in headers @staticmethod def _assert_bytes_received(run: CrawlerRun) -> None: assert len(run.bytes) == 9 for request, data in run.bytes.items(): joined_data = b"".join(data) if run.getpath(request.url) == "/": assert joined_data == get_testdata("test_site", "index.html") elif run.getpath(request.url) == "/item1.html": assert joined_data == get_testdata("test_site", "item1.html") elif run.getpath(request.url) == "/item2.html": assert joined_data == get_testdata("test_site", "item2.html") elif run.getpath(request.url) == "/redirected": assert joined_data == b"Redirected here" elif run.getpath(request.url) == "/redirect": assert ( joined_data == b"\n\n" b" \n" b' \n' b" \n" b' \n' b' click here\n' b" \n" b"\n" ) elif run.getpath(request.url) == "/tem999.html": assert ( joined_data == b"\n\n" b" 404 - No Such Resource\n" b" \n" b"

No Such Resource

\n" b"

File not found.

\n" b" \n" b"\n" ) elif run.getpath(request.url) == "/numbers": # signal was fired multiple times assert len(data) > 1 # bytes were received in order numbers = [str(x).encode("utf8") for x in range(2**18)] assert joined_data == b"".join(numbers) @staticmethod def _assert_signals_caught(run: CrawlerRun) -> None: assert signals.engine_started in run.signals_caught assert signals.engine_stopped in run.signals_caught assert signals.spider_opened in run.signals_caught assert signals.spider_idle in run.signals_caught assert signals.spider_closed in run.signals_caught assert signals.headers_received in run.signals_caught assert {"spider": run.crawler.spider} == run.signals_caught[ signals.spider_opened ] assert {"spider": run.crawler.spider} == run.signals_caught[signals.spider_idle] assert { "spider": run.crawler.spider, "reason": "finished", } == run.signals_caught[signals.spider_closed] class TestEngine(TestEngineBase): @defer.inlineCallbacks def test_crawler(self): for spider in ( MySpider, DictItemsSpider, AttrsItemsSpider, DataClassItemsSpider, ): run = CrawlerRun(spider) yield run.run() self._assert_visited_urls(run) self._assert_scheduled_requests(run, count=9) self._assert_downloaded_responses(run, count=9) self._assert_scraped_items(run) self._assert_signals_caught(run) self._assert_bytes_received(run) @defer.inlineCallbacks def test_crawler_dupefilter(self): run = CrawlerRun(DupeFilterSpider) yield run.run() self._assert_scheduled_requests(run, count=8) self._assert_dropped_requests(run) @defer.inlineCallbacks def test_crawler_itemerror(self): run = CrawlerRun(ItemZeroDivisionErrorSpider) yield run.run() self._assert_items_error(run) @defer.inlineCallbacks def test_crawler_change_close_reason_on_idle(self): run = CrawlerRun(ChangeCloseReasonSpider) yield run.run() assert { "spider": run.crawler.spider, "reason": "custom_reason", } == run.signals_caught[signals.spider_closed] @defer.inlineCallbacks def test_close_downloader(self): e = ExecutionEngine(get_crawler(MySpider), lambda _: None) yield e.close() @defer.inlineCallbacks def test_start_already_running_exception(self): e = ExecutionEngine(get_crawler(MySpider), lambda _: None) yield e.open_spider(MySpider(), []) e.start() def cb(exc: BaseException) -> None: assert str(exc), "Engine already running" try: yield self.assertFailure(e.start(), RuntimeError).addBoth(cb) finally: yield e.stop() def test_short_timeout(self): args = ( sys.executable, "-m", "scrapy.cmdline", "fetch", "-s", "CLOSESPIDER_TIMEOUT=0.001", "-s", "LOG_LEVEL=DEBUG", "http://toscrape.com", ) p = subprocess.Popen( args, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, ) def kill_proc(): p.kill() p.communicate() raise AssertionError("Command took too much time to complete") timer = Timer(15, kill_proc) try: timer.start() _, stderr = p.communicate() finally: timer.cancel() assert b"Traceback" not in stderr, stderr def test_request_scheduled_signal(caplog): class TestScheduler(BaseScheduler): def __init__(self): self.enqueued = [] def enqueue_request(self, request: Request) -> bool: self.enqueued.append(request) return True def signal_handler(request: Request, spider: Spider) -> None: if "drop" in request.url: raise IgnoreRequest crawler = get_crawler(MySpider) engine = ExecutionEngine(crawler, lambda _: None) engine.downloader._slot_gc_loop.stop() scheduler = TestScheduler() async def start(): return yield engine._start = start() engine._slot = _Slot(False, Mock(), scheduler) crawler.signals.connect(signal_handler, request_scheduled) keep_request = Request("https://keep.example") engine._schedule_request(keep_request) drop_request = Request("https://drop.example") caplog.set_level(DEBUG) engine._schedule_request(drop_request) assert scheduler.enqueued == [keep_request], ( f"{scheduler.enqueued!r} != [{keep_request!r}]" ) crawler.signals.disconnect(signal_handler, request_scheduled) if __name__ == "__main__": if len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1] == "runserver": start_test_site(debug=True) reactor.run()