import gzip import warnings from io import BytesIO from logging import ERROR, WARNING from pathlib import Path from typing import Any from unittest import mock import pytest from testfixtures import LogCapture from twisted.internet.defer import inlineCallbacks from twisted.trial import unittest from w3lib.url import safe_url_string from scrapy import signals from scrapy.crawler import Crawler from scrapy.http import HtmlResponse, Request, Response, TextResponse, XmlResponse from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor from scrapy.settings import Settings from scrapy.spiders import ( CrawlSpider, CSVFeedSpider, Rule, SitemapSpider, Spider, XMLFeedSpider, ) from scrapy.spiders.init import InitSpider from scrapy.utils.defer import deferred_f_from_coro_f, maybe_deferred_to_future from scrapy.utils.test import get_crawler, get_reactor_settings from tests import get_testdata, tests_datadir class TestSpider(unittest.TestCase): spider_class = Spider def setUp(self): warnings.simplefilter("always") def tearDown(self): warnings.resetwarnings() def test_base_spider(self): spider = self.spider_class("example.com") assert spider.name == "example.com" assert spider.start_urls == [] # pylint: disable=use-implicit-booleaness-not-comparison def test_spider_args(self): """``__init__`` method arguments are assigned to spider attributes""" spider = self.spider_class("example.com", foo="bar") assert spider.foo == "bar" def test_spider_without_name(self): """``__init__`` method arguments are assigned to spider attributes""" msg = "must have a name" with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg): self.spider_class() with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg): self.spider_class(somearg="foo") def test_from_crawler_crawler_and_settings_population(self): crawler = get_crawler() spider = self.spider_class.from_crawler(crawler, "example.com") assert hasattr(spider, "crawler") assert spider.crawler is crawler assert hasattr(spider, "settings") assert spider.settings is crawler.settings def test_from_crawler_init_call(self): with mock.patch.object( self.spider_class, "__init__", return_value=None ) as mock_init: self.spider_class.from_crawler(get_crawler(), "example.com", foo="bar") mock_init.assert_called_once_with("example.com", foo="bar") def test_closed_signal_call(self): class TestSpider(self.spider_class): closed_called = False def closed(self, reason): self.closed_called = True crawler = get_crawler() spider = TestSpider.from_crawler(crawler, "example.com") crawler.signals.send_catch_log(signal=signals.spider_opened, spider=spider) crawler.signals.send_catch_log( signal=signals.spider_closed, spider=spider, reason=None ) assert spider.closed_called def test_update_settings(self): spider_settings = {"TEST1": "spider", "TEST2": "spider"} project_settings = {"TEST1": "project", "TEST3": "project"} self.spider_class.custom_settings = spider_settings settings = Settings(project_settings, priority="project") self.spider_class.update_settings(settings) assert settings.get("TEST1") == "spider" assert settings.get("TEST2") == "spider" assert settings.get("TEST3") == "project" @inlineCallbacks def test_settings_in_from_crawler(self): spider_settings = {"TEST1": "spider", "TEST2": "spider"} project_settings = { "TEST1": "project", "TEST3": "project", **get_reactor_settings(), } class TestSpider(self.spider_class): name = "test" custom_settings = spider_settings @classmethod def from_crawler(cls, crawler: Crawler, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any): spider = super().from_crawler(crawler, *args, **kwargs) spider.settings.set("TEST1", "spider_instance", priority="spider") return spider crawler = Crawler(TestSpider, project_settings) assert crawler.settings.get("TEST1") == "spider" assert crawler.settings.get("TEST2") == "spider" assert crawler.settings.get("TEST3") == "project" yield crawler.crawl() assert crawler.settings.get("TEST1") == "spider_instance" def test_logger(self): spider = self.spider_class("example.com") with LogCapture() as lc: spider.logger.info("test log msg") lc.check(("example.com", "INFO", "test log msg")) record = lc.records[0] assert "spider" in record.__dict__ assert record.spider is spider def test_log(self): spider = self.spider_class("example.com") with mock.patch("scrapy.spiders.Spider.logger") as mock_logger: spider.log("test log msg", "INFO") mock_logger.log.assert_called_once_with("INFO", "test log msg") @pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore::scrapy.exceptions.ScrapyDeprecationWarning") class TestInitSpider(TestSpider): spider_class = InitSpider @deferred_f_from_coro_f async def test_start_urls(self): responses = [] class TestSpider(self.spider_class): name = "test" start_urls = ["data:,"] async def parse(self, response): responses.append(response) crawler = get_crawler(TestSpider) await maybe_deferred_to_future(crawler.crawl()) assert len(responses) == 1 assert responses[0].url == "data:," class TestXMLFeedSpider(TestSpider): spider_class = XMLFeedSpider def test_register_namespace(self): body = b""" http://www.example.com/Special-Offers.html2009-08-16 http://www.example.com/2009-08-16 """ response = XmlResponse(url="http://example.com/sitemap.xml", body=body) class _XMLSpider(self.spider_class): itertag = "url" namespaces = ( ("a", "http://www.google.com/schemas/sitemap/0.84"), ("b", "http://www.example.com/schemas/extras/1.0"), ) def parse_node(self, response, selector): yield { "loc": selector.xpath("a:loc/text()").getall(), "updated": selector.xpath("b:updated/text()").getall(), "other": selector.xpath("other/@value").getall(), "custom": selector.xpath("other/@b:custom").getall(), } for iterator in ("iternodes", "xml"): spider = _XMLSpider("example", iterator=iterator) output = list(spider._parse(response)) assert len(output) == 2, iterator assert output == [ { "loc": ["http://www.example.com/Special-Offers.html"], "updated": ["2009-08-16"], "custom": ["fuu"], "other": ["bar"], }, { "loc": [], "updated": ["2009-08-16"], "other": ["foo"], "custom": [], }, ], iterator class TestCSVFeedSpider(TestSpider): spider_class = CSVFeedSpider def test_parse_rows(self): body = get_testdata("feeds", "feed-sample6.csv") response = Response("http://example.org/dummy.csv", body=body) class _CrawlSpider(self.spider_class): name = "test" delimiter = "," quotechar = "'" def parse_row(self, response, row): return row spider = _CrawlSpider() rows = list(spider.parse_rows(response)) assert rows[0] == {"id": "1", "name": "alpha", "value": "foobar"} assert len(rows) == 4 class TestCrawlSpider(TestSpider): test_body = b"""Page title<title> <body> <p><a href="item/12.html">Item 12</a></p> <div class='links'> <p><a href="/about.html">About us</a></p> </div> <div> <p><a href="/nofollow.html">This shouldn't be followed</a></p> </div> </body></html>""" spider_class = CrawlSpider def test_rule_without_link_extractor(self): response = HtmlResponse( "http://example.org/somepage/index.html", body=self.test_body ) class _CrawlSpider(self.spider_class): name = "test" allowed_domains = ["example.org"] rules = (Rule(),) spider = _CrawlSpider() output = list(spider._requests_to_follow(response)) assert len(output) == 3 assert all(isinstance(r, Request) for r in output) assert [r.url for r in output] == [ "http://example.org/somepage/item/12.html", "http://example.org/about.html", "http://example.org/nofollow.html", ] def test_process_links(self): response = HtmlResponse( "http://example.org/somepage/index.html", body=self.test_body ) class _CrawlSpider(self.spider_class): name = "test" allowed_domains = ["example.org"] rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor(), process_links="dummy_process_links"),) def dummy_process_links(self, links): return links spider = _CrawlSpider() output = list(spider._requests_to_follow(response)) assert len(output) == 3 assert all(isinstance(r, Request) for r in output) assert [r.url for r in output] == [ "http://example.org/somepage/item/12.html", "http://example.org/about.html", "http://example.org/nofollow.html", ] def test_process_links_filter(self): response = HtmlResponse( "http://example.org/somepage/index.html", body=self.test_body ) class _CrawlSpider(self.spider_class): import re name = "test" allowed_domains = ["example.org"] rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor(), process_links="filter_process_links"),) _test_regex = re.compile("nofollow") def filter_process_links(self, links): return [link for link in links if not self._test_regex.search(link.url)] spider = _CrawlSpider() output = list(spider._requests_to_follow(response)) assert len(output) == 2 assert all(isinstance(r, Request) for r in output) assert [r.url for r in output] == [ "http://example.org/somepage/item/12.html", "http://example.org/about.html", ] def test_process_links_generator(self): response = HtmlResponse( "http://example.org/somepage/index.html", body=self.test_body ) class _CrawlSpider(self.spider_class): name = "test" allowed_domains = ["example.org"] rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor(), process_links="dummy_process_links"),) def dummy_process_links(self, links): yield from links spider = _CrawlSpider() output = list(spider._requests_to_follow(response)) assert len(output) == 3 assert all(isinstance(r, Request) for r in output) assert [r.url for r in output] == [ "http://example.org/somepage/item/12.html", "http://example.org/about.html", "http://example.org/nofollow.html", ] def test_process_request(self): response = HtmlResponse( "http://example.org/somepage/index.html", body=self.test_body ) def process_request_change_domain(request, response): return request.replace(url=request.url.replace(".org", ".com")) class _CrawlSpider(self.spider_class): name = "test" allowed_domains = ["example.org"] rules = ( Rule(LinkExtractor(), process_request=process_request_change_domain), ) spider = _CrawlSpider() output = list(spider._requests_to_follow(response)) assert len(output) == 3 assert all(isinstance(r, Request) for r in output) assert [r.url for r in output] == [ "http://example.com/somepage/item/12.html", "http://example.com/about.html", "http://example.com/nofollow.html", ] def test_process_request_with_response(self): response = HtmlResponse( "http://example.org/somepage/index.html", body=self.test_body ) def process_request_meta_response_class(request, response): request.meta["response_class"] = response.__class__.__name__ return request class _CrawlSpider(self.spider_class): name = "test" allowed_domains = ["example.org"] rules = ( Rule( LinkExtractor(), process_request=process_request_meta_response_class ), ) spider = _CrawlSpider() output = list(spider._requests_to_follow(response)) assert len(output) == 3 assert all(isinstance(r, Request) for r in output) assert [r.url for r in output] == [ "http://example.org/somepage/item/12.html", "http://example.org/about.html", "http://example.org/nofollow.html", ] assert [r.meta["response_class"] for r in output] == [ "HtmlResponse", "HtmlResponse", "HtmlResponse", ] def test_process_request_instance_method(self): response = HtmlResponse( "http://example.org/somepage/index.html", body=self.test_body ) class _CrawlSpider(self.spider_class): name = "test" allowed_domains = ["example.org"] rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor(), process_request="process_request_upper"),) def process_request_upper(self, request, response): return request.replace(url=request.url.upper()) spider = _CrawlSpider() output = list(spider._requests_to_follow(response)) assert len(output) == 3 assert all(isinstance(r, Request) for r in output) assert [r.url for r in output] == [ safe_url_string("http://EXAMPLE.ORG/SOMEPAGE/ITEM/12.HTML"), safe_url_string("http://EXAMPLE.ORG/ABOUT.HTML"), safe_url_string("http://EXAMPLE.ORG/NOFOLLOW.HTML"), ] def test_process_request_instance_method_with_response(self): response = HtmlResponse( "http://example.org/somepage/index.html", body=self.test_body ) class _CrawlSpider(self.spider_class): name = "test" allowed_domains = ["example.org"] rules = ( Rule( LinkExtractor(), process_request="process_request_meta_response_class", ), ) def process_request_meta_response_class(self, request, response): request.meta["response_class"] = response.__class__.__name__ return request spider = _CrawlSpider() output = list(spider._requests_to_follow(response)) assert len(output) == 3 assert all(isinstance(r, Request) for r in output) assert [r.url for r in output] == [ "http://example.org/somepage/item/12.html", "http://example.org/about.html", "http://example.org/nofollow.html", ] assert [r.meta["response_class"] for r in output] == [ "HtmlResponse", "HtmlResponse", "HtmlResponse", ] def test_follow_links_attribute_population(self): crawler = get_crawler() spider = self.spider_class.from_crawler(crawler, "example.com") assert hasattr(spider, "_follow_links") assert spider._follow_links settings_dict = {"CRAWLSPIDER_FOLLOW_LINKS": False} crawler = get_crawler(settings_dict=settings_dict) spider = self.spider_class.from_crawler(crawler, "example.com") assert hasattr(spider, "_follow_links") assert not spider._follow_links @inlineCallbacks def test_start_url(self): class TestSpider(self.spider_class): name = "test" start_url = "https://www.example.com" crawler = get_crawler(TestSpider) with LogCapture("scrapy.core.engine", propagate=False, level=ERROR) as log: yield crawler.crawl() assert "Error while reading start items and requests" in str(log) assert "did you miss an 's'?" in str(log) class TestSitemapSpider(TestSpider): spider_class = SitemapSpider BODY = b"SITEMAP" f = BytesIO() g = gzip.GzipFile(fileobj=f, mode="w+b") g.write(BODY) g.close() GZBODY = f.getvalue() def assertSitemapBody(self, response, body): crawler = get_crawler() spider = self.spider_class.from_crawler(crawler, "example.com") assert spider._get_sitemap_body(response) == body def test_get_sitemap_body(self): r = XmlResponse(url="http://www.example.com/", body=self.BODY) self.assertSitemapBody(r, self.BODY) r = HtmlResponse(url="http://www.example.com/", body=self.BODY) self.assertSitemapBody(r, None) r = Response(url="http://www.example.com/favicon.ico", body=self.BODY) self.assertSitemapBody(r, None) def test_get_sitemap_body_gzip_headers(self): r = Response( url="http://www.example.com/sitemap", body=self.GZBODY, headers={"content-type": "application/gzip"}, request=Request("http://www.example.com/sitemap"), ) self.assertSitemapBody(r, self.BODY) def test_get_sitemap_body_xml_url(self): r = TextResponse(url="http://www.example.com/sitemap.xml", body=self.BODY) self.assertSitemapBody(r, self.BODY) def test_get_sitemap_body_xml_url_compressed(self): r = Response( url="http://www.example.com/sitemap.xml.gz", body=self.GZBODY, request=Request("http://www.example.com/sitemap"), ) self.assertSitemapBody(r, self.BODY) # .xml.gz but body decoded by HttpCompression middleware already r = Response(url="http://www.example.com/sitemap.xml.gz", body=self.BODY) self.assertSitemapBody(r, self.BODY) def test_get_sitemap_urls_from_robotstxt(self): robots = b"""# Sitemap files Sitemap: http://example.com/sitemap.xml Sitemap: http://example.com/sitemap-product-index.xml Sitemap: HTTP://example.com/sitemap-uppercase.xml Sitemap: /sitemap-relative-url.xml """ r = TextResponse(url="http://www.example.com/robots.txt", body=robots) spider = self.spider_class("example.com") assert [req.url for req in spider._parse_sitemap(r)] == [ "http://example.com/sitemap.xml", "http://example.com/sitemap-product-index.xml", "http://example.com/sitemap-uppercase.xml", "http://www.example.com/sitemap-relative-url.xml", ] def test_alternate_url_locs(self): sitemap = b"""<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <url> <loc>http://www.example.com/english/</loc> <xhtml:link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="http://www.example.com/deutsch/"/> <xhtml:link rel="alternate" hreflang="de-ch" href="http://www.example.com/schweiz-deutsch/"/> <xhtml:link rel="alternate" hreflang="it" href="http://www.example.com/italiano/"/> <xhtml:link rel="alternate" hreflang="it"/><!-- wrong tag without href --> </url> </urlset>""" r = TextResponse(url="http://www.example.com/sitemap.xml", body=sitemap) spider = self.spider_class("example.com") assert [req.url for req in spider._parse_sitemap(r)] == [ "http://www.example.com/english/" ] spider.sitemap_alternate_links = True assert [req.url for req in spider._parse_sitemap(r)] == [ "http://www.example.com/english/", "http://www.example.com/deutsch/", "http://www.example.com/schweiz-deutsch/", "http://www.example.com/italiano/", ] def test_sitemap_filter(self): sitemap = b"""<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <url> <loc>http://www.example.com/english/</loc> <lastmod>2010-01-01</lastmod> </url> <url> <loc>http://www.example.com/portuguese/</loc> <lastmod>2005-01-01</lastmod> </url> </urlset>""" class FilteredSitemapSpider(self.spider_class): def sitemap_filter(self, entries): from datetime import datetime for entry in entries: date_time = datetime.strptime(entry["lastmod"], "%Y-%m-%d") if date_time.year > 2008: yield entry r = TextResponse(url="http://www.example.com/sitemap.xml", body=sitemap) spider = self.spider_class("example.com") assert [req.url for req in spider._parse_sitemap(r)] == [ "http://www.example.com/english/", "http://www.example.com/portuguese/", ] spider = FilteredSitemapSpider("example.com") assert [req.url for req in spider._parse_sitemap(r)] == [ "http://www.example.com/english/" ] def test_sitemap_filter_with_alternate_links(self): sitemap = b"""<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <url> <loc>http://www.example.com/english/article_1/</loc> <lastmod>2010-01-01</lastmod> <xhtml:link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="http://www.example.com/deutsch/article_1/"/> </url> <url> <loc>http://www.example.com/english/article_2/</loc> <lastmod>2015-01-01</lastmod> </url> </urlset>""" class FilteredSitemapSpider(self.spider_class): def sitemap_filter(self, entries): for entry in entries: alternate_links = entry.get("alternate", ()) for link in alternate_links: if "/deutsch/" in link: entry["loc"] = link yield entry r = TextResponse(url="http://www.example.com/sitemap.xml", body=sitemap) spider = self.spider_class("example.com") assert [req.url for req in spider._parse_sitemap(r)] == [ "http://www.example.com/english/article_1/", "http://www.example.com/english/article_2/", ] spider = FilteredSitemapSpider("example.com") assert [req.url for req in spider._parse_sitemap(r)] == [ "http://www.example.com/deutsch/article_1/" ] def test_sitemapindex_filter(self): sitemap = b"""<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <sitemapindex xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9"> <sitemap> <loc>http://www.example.com/sitemap1.xml</loc> <lastmod>2004-01-01T20:00:00+00:00</lastmod> </sitemap> <sitemap> <loc>http://www.example.com/sitemap2.xml</loc> <lastmod>2005-01-01</lastmod> </sitemap> </sitemapindex>""" class FilteredSitemapSpider(self.spider_class): def sitemap_filter(self, entries): from datetime import datetime for entry in entries: date_time = datetime.strptime( entry["lastmod"].split("T")[0], "%Y-%m-%d" ) if date_time.year > 2004: yield entry r = TextResponse(url="http://www.example.com/sitemap.xml", body=sitemap) spider = self.spider_class("example.com") assert [req.url for req in spider._parse_sitemap(r)] == [ "http://www.example.com/sitemap1.xml", "http://www.example.com/sitemap2.xml", ] spider = FilteredSitemapSpider("example.com") assert [req.url for req in spider._parse_sitemap(r)] == [ "http://www.example.com/sitemap2.xml" ] def test_compression_bomb_setting(self): settings = {"DOWNLOAD_MAXSIZE": 10_000_000} crawler = get_crawler(settings_dict=settings) spider = self.spider_class.from_crawler(crawler, "example.com") body_path = Path(tests_datadir, "compressed", "bomb-gzip.bin") body = body_path.read_bytes() request = Request(url="https://example.com") response = Response(url="https://example.com", body=body, request=request) assert spider._get_sitemap_body(response) is None def test_compression_bomb_spider_attr(self): class DownloadMaxSizeSpider(self.spider_class): download_maxsize = 10_000_000 crawler = get_crawler() spider = DownloadMaxSizeSpider.from_crawler(crawler, "example.com") body_path = Path(tests_datadir, "compressed", "bomb-gzip.bin") body = body_path.read_bytes() request = Request(url="https://example.com") response = Response(url="https://example.com", body=body, request=request) assert spider._get_sitemap_body(response) is None def test_compression_bomb_request_meta(self): crawler = get_crawler() spider = self.spider_class.from_crawler(crawler, "example.com") body_path = Path(tests_datadir, "compressed", "bomb-gzip.bin") body = body_path.read_bytes() request = Request( url="https://example.com", meta={"download_maxsize": 10_000_000} ) response = Response(url="https://example.com", body=body, request=request) assert spider._get_sitemap_body(response) is None def test_download_warnsize_setting(self): settings = {"DOWNLOAD_WARNSIZE": 10_000_000} crawler = get_crawler(settings_dict=settings) spider = self.spider_class.from_crawler(crawler, "example.com") body_path = Path(tests_datadir, "compressed", "bomb-gzip.bin") body = body_path.read_bytes() request = Request(url="https://example.com") response = Response(url="https://example.com", body=body, request=request) with LogCapture( "scrapy.spiders.sitemap", propagate=False, level=WARNING ) as log: spider._get_sitemap_body(response) log.check( ( "scrapy.spiders.sitemap", "WARNING", ( "<200 https://example.com> body size after decompression " "(11511612 B) is larger than the download warning size " "(10000000 B)." ), ), ) def test_download_warnsize_spider_attr(self): class DownloadWarnSizeSpider(self.spider_class): download_warnsize = 10_000_000 crawler = get_crawler() spider = DownloadWarnSizeSpider.from_crawler(crawler, "example.com") body_path = Path(tests_datadir, "compressed", "bomb-gzip.bin") body = body_path.read_bytes() request = Request( url="https://example.com", meta={"download_warnsize": 10_000_000} ) response = Response(url="https://example.com", body=body, request=request) with LogCapture( "scrapy.spiders.sitemap", propagate=False, level=WARNING ) as log: spider._get_sitemap_body(response) log.check( ( "scrapy.spiders.sitemap", "WARNING", ( "<200 https://example.com> body size after decompression " "(11511612 B) is larger than the download warning size " "(10000000 B)." ), ), ) def test_download_warnsize_request_meta(self): crawler = get_crawler() spider = self.spider_class.from_crawler(crawler, "example.com") body_path = Path(tests_datadir, "compressed", "bomb-gzip.bin") body = body_path.read_bytes() request = Request( url="https://example.com", meta={"download_warnsize": 10_000_000} ) response = Response(url="https://example.com", body=body, request=request) with LogCapture( "scrapy.spiders.sitemap", propagate=False, level=WARNING ) as log: spider._get_sitemap_body(response) log.check( ( "scrapy.spiders.sitemap", "WARNING", ( "<200 https://example.com> body size after decompression " "(11511612 B) is larger than the download warning size " "(10000000 B)." ), ), ) @deferred_f_from_coro_f async def test_sitemap_urls(self): class TestSpider(self.spider_class): name = "test" sitemap_urls = ["https://toscrape.com/sitemap.xml"] crawler = get_crawler(TestSpider) spider = TestSpider.from_crawler(crawler) with warnings.catch_warnings(): warnings.simplefilter("error") requests = [request async for request in spider.start()] assert len(requests) == 1 request = requests[0] assert request.url == "https://toscrape.com/sitemap.xml" assert request.dont_filter is False assert request.callback == spider._parse_sitemap class TestDeprecation: def test_crawl_spider(self): assert issubclass(CrawlSpider, Spider) assert isinstance(CrawlSpider(name="foo"), Spider) class TestNoParseMethodSpider: spider_class = Spider def test_undefined_parse_method(self): spider = self.spider_class("example.com") text = b"Random text" resp = TextResponse(url="http://www.example.com/random_url", body=text) exc_msg = "Spider.parse callback is not defined" with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match=exc_msg): spider.parse(resp)