""" Scrapy engine tests This starts a testing web server (using twisted.server.Site) and then crawls it with the Scrapy crawler. To view the testing web server in a browser you can start it by running this module with the ``runserver`` argument:: python test_engine.py runserver """ import re import subprocess import sys from collections import defaultdict from dataclasses import dataclass from logging import DEBUG from pathlib import Path from threading import Timer from unittest.mock import Mock from urllib.parse import urlparse import attr from itemadapter import ItemAdapter from pydispatch import dispatcher from twisted.internet import defer, reactor from twisted.trial import unittest from twisted.web import server, static, util from scrapy import signals from scrapy.core.engine import ExecutionEngine, Slot from scrapy.core.scheduler import BaseScheduler from scrapy.exceptions import CloseSpider, IgnoreRequest from scrapy.http import Request from scrapy.item import Field, Item from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor from scrapy.signals import request_scheduled from scrapy.spiders import Spider from scrapy.utils.signal import disconnect_all from scrapy.utils.test import get_crawler from tests import get_testdata, tests_datadir class MyItem(Item): name = Field() url = Field() price = Field() @attr.s class AttrsItem: name = attr.ib(default="") url = attr.ib(default="") price = attr.ib(default=0) @dataclass class DataClassItem: name: str = "" url: str = "" price: int = 0 class MySpider(Spider): name = "scrapytest.org" allowed_domains = ["scrapytest.org", "localhost"] itemurl_re = re.compile(r"item\d+.html") name_re = re.compile(r"

(.*?)

", re.MULTILINE) price_re = re.compile(r">Price: \$(.*?)<", re.MULTILINE) item_cls: type = MyItem def parse(self, response): xlink = LinkExtractor() itemre = re.compile(self.itemurl_re) for link in xlink.extract_links(response): if itemre.search(link.url): yield Request(url=link.url, callback=self.parse_item) def parse_item(self, response): adapter = ItemAdapter(self.item_cls()) m = self.name_re.search(response.text) if m: adapter["name"] = m.group(1) adapter["url"] = response.url m = self.price_re.search(response.text) if m: adapter["price"] = m.group(1) return adapter.item class DupeFilterSpider(MySpider): def start_requests(self): return (Request(url) for url in self.start_urls) # no dont_filter=True class DictItemsSpider(MySpider): item_cls = dict class AttrsItemsSpider(MySpider): item_cls = AttrsItem class DataClassItemsSpider(MySpider): item_cls = DataClassItem class ItemZeroDivisionErrorSpider(MySpider): custom_settings = { "ITEM_PIPELINES": { "tests.pipelines.ProcessWithZeroDivisionErrorPipeline": 300, } } class ChangeCloseReasonSpider(MySpider): @classmethod def from_crawler(cls, crawler, *args, **kwargs): spider = cls(*args, **kwargs) spider._set_crawler(crawler) crawler.signals.connect(spider.spider_idle, signals.spider_idle) return spider def spider_idle(self): raise CloseSpider(reason="custom_reason") def start_test_site(debug=False): root_dir = Path(tests_datadir, "test_site") r = static.File(str(root_dir)) r.putChild(b"redirect", util.Redirect(b"/redirected")) r.putChild(b"redirected", static.Data(b"Redirected here", "text/plain")) numbers = [str(x).encode("utf8") for x in range(2**18)] r.putChild(b"numbers", static.Data(b"".join(numbers), "text/plain")) port = reactor.listenTCP(0, server.Site(r), interface="127.0.0.1") if debug: print( f"Test server running at http://localhost:{port.getHost().port}/ " "- hit Ctrl-C to finish." ) return port class CrawlerRun: """A class to run the crawler and keep track of events occurred""" def __init__(self, spider_class): self.spider = None self.respplug = [] self.reqplug = [] self.reqdropped = [] self.reqreached = [] self.itemerror = [] self.itemresp = [] self.headers = {} self.bytes = defaultdict(list) self.signals_caught = {} self.spider_class = spider_class def run(self): self.port = start_test_site() self.portno = self.port.getHost().port start_urls = [ self.geturl("/"), self.geturl("/redirect"), self.geturl("/redirect"), # duplicate self.geturl("/numbers"), ] for name, signal in vars(signals).items(): if not name.startswith("_"): dispatcher.connect(self.record_signal, signal) self.crawler = get_crawler(self.spider_class) self.crawler.signals.connect(self.item_scraped, signals.item_scraped) self.crawler.signals.connect(self.item_error, signals.item_error) self.crawler.signals.connect(self.headers_received, signals.headers_received) self.crawler.signals.connect(self.bytes_received, signals.bytes_received) self.crawler.signals.connect(self.request_scheduled, signals.request_scheduled) self.crawler.signals.connect(self.request_dropped, signals.request_dropped) self.crawler.signals.connect( self.request_reached, signals.request_reached_downloader ) self.crawler.signals.connect( self.response_downloaded, signals.response_downloaded ) self.crawler.crawl(start_urls=start_urls) self.spider = self.crawler.spider self.deferred = defer.Deferred() dispatcher.connect(self.stop, signals.engine_stopped) return self.deferred def stop(self): self.port.stopListening() # FIXME: wait for this Deferred for name, signal in vars(signals).items(): if not name.startswith("_"): disconnect_all(signal) self.deferred.callback(None) return self.crawler.stop() def geturl(self, path): return f"http://localhost:{self.portno}{path}" def getpath(self, url): u = urlparse(url) return u.path def item_error(self, item, response, spider, failure): self.itemerror.append((item, response, spider, failure)) def item_scraped(self, item, spider, response): self.itemresp.append((item, response)) def headers_received(self, headers, body_length, request, spider): self.headers[request] = headers def bytes_received(self, data, request, spider): self.bytes[request].append(data) def request_scheduled(self, request, spider): self.reqplug.append((request, spider)) def request_reached(self, request, spider): self.reqreached.append((request, spider)) def request_dropped(self, request, spider): self.reqdropped.append((request, spider)) def response_downloaded(self, response, spider): self.respplug.append((response, spider)) def record_signal(self, *args, **kwargs): """Record a signal and its parameters""" signalargs = kwargs.copy() sig = signalargs.pop("signal") signalargs.pop("sender", None) self.signals_caught[sig] = signalargs class EngineTestBase(unittest.TestCase): def _assert_visited_urls(self, run: CrawlerRun): must_be_visited = [ "/", "/redirect", "/redirected", "/item1.html", "/item2.html", "/item999.html", ] urls_visited = {rp[0].url for rp in run.respplug} urls_expected = {run.geturl(p) for p in must_be_visited} assert urls_expected <= urls_visited, ( f"URLs not visited: {list(urls_expected - urls_visited)}" ) def _assert_scheduled_requests(self, run: CrawlerRun, count=None): self.assertEqual(count, len(run.reqplug)) paths_expected = ["/item999.html", "/item2.html", "/item1.html"] urls_requested = {rq[0].url for rq in run.reqplug} urls_expected = {run.geturl(p) for p in paths_expected} assert urls_expected <= urls_requested scheduled_requests_count = len(run.reqplug) dropped_requests_count = len(run.reqdropped) responses_count = len(run.respplug) self.assertEqual( scheduled_requests_count, dropped_requests_count + responses_count ) self.assertEqual(len(run.reqreached), responses_count) def _assert_dropped_requests(self, run: CrawlerRun): self.assertEqual(len(run.reqdropped), 1) def _assert_downloaded_responses(self, run: CrawlerRun, count): # response tests self.assertEqual(count, len(run.respplug)) self.assertEqual(count, len(run.reqreached)) for response, _ in run.respplug: if run.getpath(response.url) == "/item999.html": self.assertEqual(404, response.status) if run.getpath(response.url) == "/redirect": self.assertEqual(302, response.status) def _assert_items_error(self, run: CrawlerRun): self.assertEqual(2, len(run.itemerror)) for item, response, spider, failure in run.itemerror: self.assertEqual(failure.value.__class__, ZeroDivisionError) self.assertEqual(spider, run.spider) self.assertEqual(item["url"], response.url) if "item1.html" in item["url"]: self.assertEqual("Item 1 name", item["name"]) self.assertEqual("100", item["price"]) if "item2.html" in item["url"]: self.assertEqual("Item 2 name", item["name"]) self.assertEqual("200", item["price"]) def _assert_scraped_items(self, run: CrawlerRun): self.assertEqual(2, len(run.itemresp)) for item, response in run.itemresp: item = ItemAdapter(item) self.assertEqual(item["url"], response.url) if "item1.html" in item["url"]: self.assertEqual("Item 1 name", item["name"]) self.assertEqual("100", item["price"]) if "item2.html" in item["url"]: self.assertEqual("Item 2 name", item["name"]) self.assertEqual("200", item["price"]) def _assert_headers_received(self, run: CrawlerRun): for headers in run.headers.values(): self.assertIn(b"Server", headers) self.assertIn(b"TwistedWeb", headers[b"Server"]) self.assertIn(b"Date", headers) self.assertIn(b"Content-Type", headers) def _assert_bytes_received(self, run: CrawlerRun): self.assertEqual(9, len(run.bytes)) for request, data in run.bytes.items(): joined_data = b"".join(data) if run.getpath(request.url) == "/": self.assertEqual(joined_data, get_testdata("test_site", "index.html")) elif run.getpath(request.url) == "/item1.html": self.assertEqual(joined_data, get_testdata("test_site", "item1.html")) elif run.getpath(request.url) == "/item2.html": self.assertEqual(joined_data, get_testdata("test_site", "item2.html")) elif run.getpath(request.url) == "/redirected": self.assertEqual(joined_data, b"Redirected here") elif run.getpath(request.url) == "/redirect": self.assertEqual( joined_data, b"\n\n" b" \n" b' \n' b" \n" b' \n' b' click here\n' b" \n" b"\n", ) elif run.getpath(request.url) == "/tem999.html": self.assertEqual( joined_data, b"\n\n" b" 404 - No Such Resource\n" b" \n" b"

No Such Resource

\n" b"

File not found.

\n" b" \n" b"\n", ) elif run.getpath(request.url) == "/numbers": # signal was fired multiple times self.assertTrue(len(data) > 1) # bytes were received in order numbers = [str(x).encode("utf8") for x in range(2**18)] self.assertEqual(joined_data, b"".join(numbers)) def _assert_signals_caught(self, run: CrawlerRun): assert signals.engine_started in run.signals_caught assert signals.engine_stopped in run.signals_caught assert signals.spider_opened in run.signals_caught assert signals.spider_idle in run.signals_caught assert signals.spider_closed in run.signals_caught assert signals.headers_received in run.signals_caught self.assertEqual( {"spider": run.spider}, run.signals_caught[signals.spider_opened] ) self.assertEqual( {"spider": run.spider}, run.signals_caught[signals.spider_idle] ) self.assertEqual( {"spider": run.spider, "reason": "finished"}, run.signals_caught[signals.spider_closed], ) class EngineTest(EngineTestBase): @defer.inlineCallbacks def test_crawler(self): for spider in ( MySpider, DictItemsSpider, AttrsItemsSpider, DataClassItemsSpider, ): run = CrawlerRun(spider) yield run.run() self._assert_visited_urls(run) self._assert_scheduled_requests(run, count=9) self._assert_downloaded_responses(run, count=9) self._assert_scraped_items(run) self._assert_signals_caught(run) self._assert_bytes_received(run) @defer.inlineCallbacks def test_crawler_dupefilter(self): run = CrawlerRun(DupeFilterSpider) yield run.run() self._assert_scheduled_requests(run, count=8) self._assert_dropped_requests(run) @defer.inlineCallbacks def test_crawler_itemerror(self): run = CrawlerRun(ItemZeroDivisionErrorSpider) yield run.run() self._assert_items_error(run) @defer.inlineCallbacks def test_crawler_change_close_reason_on_idle(self): run = CrawlerRun(ChangeCloseReasonSpider) yield run.run() self.assertEqual( {"spider": run.spider, "reason": "custom_reason"}, run.signals_caught[signals.spider_closed], ) @defer.inlineCallbacks def test_close_downloader(self): e = ExecutionEngine(get_crawler(MySpider), lambda _: None) yield e.close() @defer.inlineCallbacks def test_start_already_running_exception(self): e = ExecutionEngine(get_crawler(MySpider), lambda _: None) yield e.open_spider(MySpider(), []) e.start() try: yield self.assertFailure(e.start(), RuntimeError).addBoth( lambda exc: self.assertEqual(str(exc), "Engine already running") ) finally: yield e.stop() def test_short_timeout(self): args = ( sys.executable, "-m", "scrapy.cmdline", "fetch", "-s", "CLOSESPIDER_TIMEOUT=0.001", "-s", "LOG_LEVEL=DEBUG", "http://toscrape.com", ) p = subprocess.Popen( args, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, ) def kill_proc(): p.kill() p.communicate() raise AssertionError("Command took too much time to complete") timer = Timer(15, kill_proc) try: timer.start() _, stderr = p.communicate() finally: timer.cancel() self.assertNotIn(b"Traceback", stderr) def test_request_scheduled_signal(caplog): class TestScheduler(BaseScheduler): def __init__(self): self.enqueued = [] def enqueue_request(self, request: Request) -> bool: self.enqueued.append(request) return True def signal_handler(request: Request, spider: Spider) -> None: if "drop" in request.url: raise IgnoreRequest spider = MySpider() crawler = get_crawler(spider.__class__) engine = ExecutionEngine(crawler, lambda _: None) engine.downloader._slot_gc_loop.stop() scheduler = TestScheduler() engine.slot = Slot((), None, Mock(), scheduler) crawler.signals.connect(signal_handler, request_scheduled) keep_request = Request("https://keep.example") engine._schedule_request(keep_request, spider) drop_request = Request("https://drop.example") caplog.set_level(DEBUG) engine._schedule_request(drop_request, spider) assert scheduler.enqueued == [keep_request], ( f"{scheduler.enqueued!r} != [{keep_request!r}]" ) crawler.signals.disconnect(signal_handler, request_scheduled) if __name__ == "__main__": if len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1] == "runserver": start_test_site(debug=True) reactor.run()