297 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
297 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
title: Rule Processing of HID++ Notifications
|
|
layout: page
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
Creating and editing most rules can be done in the Solaar GUI, by pressing the 'Rule Editor' button in the
|
|
Solaar main window.
|
|
|
|
Rule processing is an experimental feature. Significant changes might be made in response to problems.
|
|
|
|
*Note that rule processing only fully works under X11.
|
|
When running under Wayland with X11 libraries loaded some features will not be available.
|
|
When running under Wayland without X11 libraries loaded even more features will not be available.
|
|
Rule features known not to work under Wayland include process and mouse process conditions.
|
|
Under Wayland using keyboard groups may result in incorrect symbols being input for simulated input.
|
|
Under Wayland simulating inputs when modifier keys are pressed may result in incorrect symbols being sent.
|
|
Simulated input uses Xtest if available under X11 or uinput if the user has write access to /dev/uinput.
|
|
The easiest way to maintain write access to /dev/uinput is to use Solaar's alternative udev rule by downloading
|
|
`https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pwr-Solaar/Solaar/master/rules.d-uinput/42-logitech-unify-permissions.rules`
|
|
and copying it as root into the `/etc/udev/rules.d` directory.
|
|
You may have to reboot your system for the write permission to be set up.
|
|
Another way to get write access to /dev/uinput is to run `sudo setfacl -m u:${USER}:rw /dev/uinput`
|
|
but this needs to be done every time the system is rebooted.*
|
|
|
|
Logitech devices that use HID++ version 2.0 or greater produce feature-based
|
|
notifications that Solaar can process using a simple rule language. For
|
|
example, using rules Solaar can emulate an `XF86_MonBrightnessDown` key tap
|
|
in response to the pressing of the `Brightness Down` key on Craft keyboards,
|
|
which normally does not produce any input at all when the keyboard is in
|
|
Windows mode.
|
|
|
|
Solaar's rules only trigger on HID++ notifications so device actions that
|
|
normally produce HID output have to be first be set (diverted) to
|
|
produce HID++ notifications instead of their normal behavior.
|
|
Currently Solaar can divert some mouse scroll wheels, some
|
|
mouse thumb wheels, the crown of Craft keyboards, and some keys and buttons.
|
|
If the scroll wheel, thumb wheel, crown, key, or button is
|
|
not diverted by setting the appropriate setting then no HID++ notification is
|
|
generated and rules will not be triggered by manipulating the wheel, crown, key, or button.
|
|
Look for `HID++` or `Diversion` settings to see what
|
|
diversion can be done with your devices.
|
|
|
|
Running Solaar with the `-ddd`
|
|
option will show information about notifications, including their feature
|
|
name, report number, and data.
|
|
|
|
In response to a feature-based HID++ notification Solaar runs a sequence of
|
|
rules. A `Rule` is a sequence of components, which are either sub-rules,
|
|
conditions, or actions. Conditions and actions are dictionaries with one
|
|
entry whose key is the name of the condition or action and whose value is
|
|
the argument of the action.
|
|
|
|
If the last thing that a rule does is execute an action, no more rules are
|
|
processed for the notification.
|
|
|
|
Rules are evaluated by evaluating each of their components in order. The
|
|
evaluation of a rule is terminated early if a condition component evaluates
|
|
to false or the last evaluated sub-component of a component is an action. A
|
|
rule is false if its last evaluated component evaluates to a false value.
|
|
|
|
`Not` conditions take a single component and are true if their component
|
|
evaluates to a false value.
|
|
`Or` conditions take a sequence of components and are evaluated by
|
|
evaluating each of their components in order.
|
|
An Or condition is terminated early if a component evaluates to true or the
|
|
last evaluated sub-component of a component is an action.
|
|
A Or condition is true if its last evaluated component evaluates to a true
|
|
value. `And` conditions take a sequence of components are evaluated the same
|
|
as rules.
|
|
|
|
`Feature` conditions are if true if the name of the feature of the current
|
|
notification is their string argument.
|
|
`Report` conditions are if true if the report number in the current
|
|
notification is their integer argument.
|
|
|
|
`Key` conditions are true if the Logitech name of the current **diverted** key or button being pressed is their
|
|
string argument. Alternatively, if the argument is a list `[name, action]` where `action`
|
|
is either `'pressed'` or `'released'`, the key down or key up events of `name` argument are
|
|
matched, respectively. Logitech key and button names are shown in the `Key/Button Diversion`
|
|
setting. These names are also shown in the output of `solaar show` in the 'reprogrammable keys'
|
|
section. Only keys or buttons that have 'divertable' in their report can be diverted.
|
|
Some keyboards have Gn, Mn, or MR keys, which are diverted using the 'Divert G Keys' setting.
|
|
|
|
`KeyIsDown` conditions are true if the **diverted** key or button that is their string argument is currently down.
|
|
Note that this only works for **diverted** keys or buttons, including diverted Gn, Mn, and MR keys.
|
|
|
|
Solaar can also create special notifications in response to mouse movements on some mice.
|
|
Setting `Key/Button Diversion` for a key or button to Mouse Gestures causes the key or button to create a `Mouse Gesture`
|
|
notification for the period that the key or button is depressed.
|
|
Moving the mouse creates a mouse movement event.
|
|
Stopping the mouse for a little while and moving it again creates another mouse movement event.
|
|
Pressing a diverted key creates a key event.
|
|
When the key is released the sequence of events is sent as a synthetic notification
|
|
that can be matched with `Mouse Gesture` conditions.
|
|
|
|
`Mouse Gesture` conditions are true if the actions (mouse movements and diverted key presses) taken while a mouse gestures button is held down match the arguments of the condition.
|
|
Mouse gestures buttons can be set using the 'Key/Button Diversion' setting, by changing the value to `Mouse Gestures'.
|
|
The arguments of a Mouse Gesture condition can be a direction, i.e., `Mouse Up`, `Mouse Down`, `Mouse Left`, `Mouse Right`, `Mouse Up-left`, `Mouse Up-Right`, `Mouse Down-left`, or `Mouse Down-right`, or the Logitech name of a key.
|
|
If the first argument is the Logitech name of a key then that argument is matched against the button that was held down to initiate mouse gesture processing.
|
|
So, for example, a Mouse Gesture condition of `Mouse Up` -> `Mouse Up` would match pressing any Mouse Gestures button, moving the mouse upwards, pausing momentarily, moving the mouse upwards again, and releasing the button.
|
|
The condition `Smart Shift` -> 'Mouse Down` -> `Back Button` would match pressing the Smart Shift button (provided that it is a Mouse Gestures button!) moving the mouse downwards, clicking the Back button (provided that it is diverted!), and then releasing the Smart Shift button.
|
|
Directions and buttons can be mixed and chained together however you like.
|
|
It's possible to create a `No-op` gesture by clicking 'Delete' on the initial Action when you first create the rule. This gesture will trigger when you simply click a Mouse Gestures button.
|
|
|
|
`Modifiers` conditions take either a string or a sequence of strings, which
|
|
can only be `Shift`, `Control`, `Alt`, and `Super`.
|
|
Modifiers conditions are true if their argument is the current keyboard
|
|
modifiers.
|
|
|
|
`Process` conditions are true if the process for focus input window
|
|
or the window's Window manager class or instance name starts with their string argument.
|
|
`MouseProcess` conditions are true if the process for the window under the mouse
|
|
or the window's Window manager class or instance name starts with their string argument.
|
|
|
|
`Device` conditions are true if a particular device originated the notification.
|
|
`Active` conditions are true if a particular device is active.
|
|
`Device` and `Active` conditions take one argument, which is the Serial number or Unit ID of a device,
|
|
as shown in Solaar's detail pane.
|
|
|
|
`Setting` conditions check the value of a Solaar setting on a device.
|
|
`Setting` conditions take three or four arguments, depending on the setting:
|
|
the Serial number or Unit ID of a device, as shown in Solaar's detail pane,
|
|
or null for the device that initiated rule processing;
|
|
the internal name of a setting (which can be found from solaar config <device>);
|
|
one or two arguments for the setting.
|
|
For settings that use keys or buttons as an argument the Logtech name can be used
|
|
as shown in the Solaar main window for these settings,
|
|
or the numeric value for the key or button.
|
|
For settings that use gestures as an argument the internal name of the gesture is used,
|
|
which can be found in the GESTURE2_GESTURES_LABELS structure in lib/logitech_receiver/settings_templates.
|
|
For settings that need one of a set of names as an argument the name can be used or its internal integer value,
|
|
as used in the Solaar config file.
|
|
|
|
`Test` and `TestBytes` conditions are true if their test evaluates to true on the feature,
|
|
report, and data of the current notification.
|
|
`TestBytes` conditions can return a number instead of a boolean.
|
|
|
|
`TestBytes` conditions consist of a sequence of three or four integers and use the first
|
|
two to select bytes of the notification data.
|
|
Writing this kind of test condition is not trivial.
|
|
Three-element `TestBytes` conditions are true if the selected bytes bit-wise anded
|
|
with its third element is non-zero.
|
|
The value of these test conditions is the result of the and.
|
|
Four-element `TestBytes` conditions are true if the selected bytes form a signed
|
|
integer between the third and fourth elements.
|
|
The value of these conditions is the signed value of the selected bytes
|
|
if that is non-zero otherwise True.
|
|
|
|
`Test` conditions are mnemonic shorthands for meaningful feature,
|
|
report, and data combinations in notifications.
|
|
A `crown_right` test is the rotation amount of a `CROWN` right rotation notification.
|
|
A `crown_left` test is the rotation amount of a `CROWN` left rotation notification.
|
|
A `crown_right_ratchet` test is the ratchet amount of a `CROWN` right ratchet rotation notification.
|
|
A `crown_left_ratchet` test is the ratchet amount of a `CROWN` left ratchet rotation notification.
|
|
A `crown_tap` test is true for a `CROWN` tap notification.
|
|
A `crown_start_press` test is true for the start of a `CROWN` press notification.
|
|
A `crown_stop_press` test is true for the end of a `CROWN` press notification.
|
|
A `crown_pressed` test is true for a `CROWN` notification with the Crown pressed.
|
|
A `thumb_wheel_up` test is the rotation amount of a `THUMB WHEEL` upward rotation notification.
|
|
A `thumb_wheel_down` test is the rotation amount of a `THUMB WHEEL` downward rotation notification.
|
|
`lowres_wheel_up`, `lowres_wheel_down`, `hires_wheel_up`, `hires_wheel_down` are the
|
|
same but for `LOWRES WHEEL` and `HIRES WHEEL`.
|
|
`True` and `False` tests return True and False, respectively.
|
|
|
|
Solaar keeps track of the total signed displacement of the current thumb wheel movement.
|
|
This displacement is reset when the thumb wheel is inactive.
|
|
`thumb_wheel_up` and `thumb_wheel_down` tests take an optional integer parameter.
|
|
With a parameter the test is only true if the current thumb wheel displacement is greater than the parameter.
|
|
The displacement is then lessened by the amount of the parameter.
|
|
|
|
`Setting` conditions check device settings of devices, provided the device is on-line.
|
|
The first arguments to the condition are the Serial number or Unit ID of a device, as shown in Solaar's detail pane,
|
|
or null for the device that initiated rule processing; and
|
|
the internal name of a setting (which can be found from solaar config <device>).
|
|
Most simple settings take one extra argument, the value to check the setting value against.
|
|
Range setting can also take two arguments, which form an inclusive range to check against.
|
|
Other settings take two arguments, a key indicating which sub-setting to check and the value to check it against.
|
|
For settings that use gestures as an argument the internal name of the gesture is used,
|
|
which can be found in the GESTURE2_GESTURES_LABELS structure in lib/logitech_receiver/settings_templates.
|
|
For boolean settings '~' can be used to toggle the setting.
|
|
|
|
A `KeyPress` action takes either the name of an X11 key symbol, such as "a",
|
|
a list of X11 key symbols, such as "a" or "Control+a",
|
|
or a two-element list with the first element as above
|
|
and the second element one of 'click', 'depress', or 'release'
|
|
and executes key actions on a simulated keyboard to produce these symbols.
|
|
Use separate `KeyPress` actions for multiple characters,
|
|
i.e., don't use a single `KeyPress` like 'a+b'.
|
|
The `KeyPress` action normally both depresses and releases (clicks) the keys,
|
|
but can also just depress the keys or just release the keys.
|
|
Use the depress or release options with extreme care,
|
|
ensuring that the depressed keys are later released.
|
|
Otherwise it may become difficult to use your system.
|
|
The keys are depressed in forward order and released in reverse order.
|
|
|
|
If a key symbol can only be produced by a shfited or level 3 keypress, e.g., "A",
|
|
then Solaar will add keypresses to produce that keysymbol,
|
|
e.g., simulating a left shift keypress to get "A" instead of "a".
|
|
If a key symbol is not available in the current keymap or needs other shift-like keys,
|
|
then Solaar cannot simulate it.
|
|
Under X11 Solaar can determine the current key modifiers (shift, control, etc.).
|
|
Any key symbols that correspond to these modifier keys are not depressed and released when clicking.
|
|
So if the shift key is currently down on a keyboard Solaar will not bother to simulate a shift key.
|
|
Under Wayland this check cannot be done so the net result of a `KeyPress` action that is not a `depress` or a `release`
|
|
and that contains modifier keys might be to release the modifier keys.
|
|
|
|
Simulating input in Linux is complex.
|
|
Solaar has to try to determine which keyboard key corresponds to which input character as it cannot directly
|
|
simulate inputting a key symbol.
|
|
Unfortunately, this determination can go wrong in several ways and is more likely
|
|
to go wrong under Wayland than under X11.
|
|
|
|
A `MouseScroll` action takes a sequence of two numbers and simulates a horizontal and vertical mouse scroll of these amounts.
|
|
If the previous condition in the parent rule returns a number the scroll amounts are multiplied by this number.
|
|
A `MouseClick` action takes a mouse button name (`left`, `middle` or `right`) and a positive number, and simulates that number of clicks of the specified button.
|
|
An `Execute` action takes a program and arguments and executes it asynchronously.
|
|
|
|
A `Set` action changes a Solaar setting for a device, provided that the device is on-line.
|
|
`Set` actions take three or four arguments, depending on the setting.
|
|
The first two are the Serial number or Unit ID of a device, as shown in Solaar's detail pane,
|
|
or null for the device that initiated rule processing; and
|
|
the internal name of a setting (which can be found from solaar config <device>).
|
|
Simple settings take one extra argument, the value to set the setting to.
|
|
For boolean settings '~' can be used to toggle the setting.
|
|
Other simple settings take two extra arguments, a key indicating which sub-setting to set and the value to set it to.
|
|
For settings that use gestures as an argument the internal name of the gesture is used,
|
|
which can be found in the GESTURE2_GESTURES_LABELS structure in lib/logitech_receiver/settings_templates.
|
|
All settings are supported.
|
|
|
|
A `Later` action executes rule components later.
|
|
`Later` actions take an integer delay in seconds between 1 and 100 followed by a zero or more rule components that will be executed later.
|
|
Processing of the rest of the rule continues immediately.
|
|
|
|
Solaar has several built-in rules, which are run after user-created rules and so can be overridden by user-created rules.
|
|
One rule turns
|
|
`Brightness Down` key press notifications into `XF86_MonBrightnessDown` key taps
|
|
and `Brightness Up` key press notifications into `XF86_MonBrightnessUp` key taps.
|
|
Another rule makes Craft crown ratchet movements move between tabs when the crown is pressed
|
|
and up and down otherwise.
|
|
A third rule turns Craft crown ratchet movements into `XF86_AudioNext` or `XF86_AudioPrev` key taps when the crown is pressed and `XF86_AudioRaiseVolume` or `XF86_AudioLowerVolume` otherwise.
|
|
A fourth rule doubles the speed of `THUMB WHEEL` movements unless the `Control` modifier is on.
|
|
All of these rules are only active if the key or feature is diverted, of course.
|
|
|
|
Solaar reads rules from a YAML configuration file (normally `~/.config/solaar/rules.yaml`).
|
|
This file contains zero or more documents, each a rule.
|
|
|
|
Here is a file with six rules:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
%YAML 1.3
|
|
---
|
|
- Key: [M2, pressed]
|
|
- Set: [198E3EB8, dpi, 3000]
|
|
- Execute: [notify-send, Increased mouse speed]
|
|
...
|
|
---
|
|
- Key: [Host Switch Channel 2, pressed]
|
|
- Set: [43DAF041, change-host, 1]
|
|
- Set: [198E3EB8, change-host, 1]
|
|
- Execute: [notify-send, Switched to host 2]
|
|
...
|
|
---
|
|
- MouseGesture: [Mouse Up, Mouse Down]
|
|
- Execute: [notify-send, Locking]
|
|
- Execute: xflock4
|
|
...
|
|
- Feature: CROWN
|
|
- Process: quodlibet
|
|
- Rule: [ Test: crown_start_press, KeyPress: XF86_AudioMute ]
|
|
- Rule: [ Test: crown_pressed, Test: crown_right_ratchet, KeyPress: XF86_AudioNext ]
|
|
- Rule: [ Test: crown_pressed, Test: crown_left_ratchet, KeyPress: XF86_AudioPrev ]
|
|
- Rule: [ Test: crown_right_ratchet, KeyPress: XF86_AudioRaiseVolume ]
|
|
- Rule: [ Test: crown_left_ratchet, KeyPress: XF86_AudioLowerVolume ]
|
|
...
|
|
---
|
|
- Feature: THUMB WHEEL
|
|
- Rule: [ Modifiers: Control, Test: thumb_wheel_up, MouseScroll: [-2, 0] ]
|
|
- Rule:
|
|
- Modifiers: Control
|
|
- Test: thumb_wheel_down
|
|
- MouseScroll: [-2, 0]
|
|
- Rule: [ Or: [ Test: thumb_wheel_up, Test: thumb_wheel_down ], MouseScroll: [-1, 0] ]
|
|
...
|
|
---
|
|
- Feature: LOWRES WHEEL
|
|
- Rule: [ Or: [ Test: lowres_wheel_up, Test: lowres_wheel_down ], MouseScroll: [0, 2] ]
|
|
...
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Here is an example showing how to divert the Back Button on an MX Master 3 so that pressing
|
|
the button will initiate rule processing and a rule that triggers on this notification and
|
|
switches the mouse to host 3 after popping up a simple notification.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|